RESUMEN
Due to the high incidence of deaths from breast cancer, high cost of treatment and limited resources, the need to formulate and implement effective programs in reducing the burden of disease is obvious. Care, control and creation of cancer information system having an infrastructure from collection of minimum data sets [MDS] are the top priorities of research in Iran's Ministry of Health. This is an applied descriptive research with comparative approach implemented in 2010. MDS for breast cancer on selected countries were searched and reviewed and proposed model based on the country's need was designed. Research data were implemented in 2 stages; assessment of MDS on selected countries and the validation of the proposed model through several meetings that has been carried out by the Undersecretary for Research and Technology and several oncologists and pathologists. The MDS is composed of 11 parameters in the form of fields in closed structured arrangements with consideration to coding responses. These parameters include: hospital data, demography, referral, physical examination and investigation, diagnostic information, pathology, treatment, palliative care, completion of primary treatment, clinical trials and follow-up. This form is available for use in the cancer registry database. MDS provides an opportunity to strengthen communication between performed researches and research results for the improvement of programs, policies and strategies and provides positive effect on equality in the health system. Although the stages of creating the MDS for breast cancer has been successful, but many challenges has been met until its completion
RESUMEN
Scientific and industrial development has led to increased production, which has been associated with different complications, including occupational stress, and increased incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders are frequent causes of absenteeism in developed countries. We designed this study to assess musculoskeletal disorders and occupational stress among video display terminal [VDT] workers in comparison with other office workers. This was a cross-sectional study on 72 VDT workers [case] and 145 office workers [control]. In this study we used Nordic and Osipow questionnaires in order to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders and job stress, respectively. The questionnaires were filled by direct interview. T test, chi square, Fisher test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. The frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among VDT users in the last 12 months was 46.5%, 20.3%, 5.1%, 12.4% and 57.6% in neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist and low back areas, respectively. The frequency of musculoskeletal complaints in neck, shoulder and wrist and mean score of occupational stress was significantly higher in the case group comparing with control group, and both results were statistically significant. VDT working is a high-risk job for musculoskeletal disorders. In this study the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders, especially in high-risk regions for this job, was higher in VDT workers than other office workers. We recommend to perform other studies in order to find non-ergonomic points and postures in these persons
RESUMEN
Using fluoride mouthrinses is one of the most effective ways for prevention of dental caries. For obtaining this benefit, the ministry of health has started using sodium fluoride mouthrinse in primary school children. The aim of this study was evaluation and comparison of salivary fluoride after using Kimia and Share Daroo mouthrinse. In this experimental study, 42 physically and dentally healthy children, used 10 ml of 0.2% sodium fluoride mouthrinse for 1 minute and then expectorated it. Unstimulated whole saliva [in five minute intervals] was taken in baseline, and after 5, 15, 25 and 45 minutes. 7 days after taking the first test, the second test was taken by using the second mouthrinse. After the collection of all of samples, the content of fluoride and volume of samples was determined and the results were statistically analyzed by using the 2-way repeated measure ANOVA. Fluoride concentration of saliva after using Kimia mouthrinse was 0.95 +/- 0.17 and 0.198 +/- 0.18 after using Shahre Darou mouthrinse. Fluoride concentrations of saliva after using mouthrinse, was not statistically significant between the gender and the two ages. Results of this study showed that no statistically significant differences of fluoride retention in children's saliva exist between the two Iranian 0.2% sodium fluoride mouthrinses