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Objective:To share the practice of medical care and rescue in the 2017-2019 Amne Machin extreme cross-country challenge.Methods:At the invitation of the Organizing Committee of Amne Machin extreme cross-country challenge of Maqin County of Qinghai Province. More than 150 medical personnel were sent to make the rescue plan and implement the medical security for three consecutive years. The support was divided into leading command group, expert consulting group, on-site medical support group, rear medical support group, and medical material support group. The on-site medical support group was equipped with the ambulance, corresponding emergency medical equipments and medicines to provide medical support at eight medical stations from the starting point to the endpoint and along the route between each station.Results:There were no cardiac arrest and sudden death cases during the three competitions. A total of 56 patients (5 cases of combined injuries) were received, including 21 cases of mild altitude reaction, 8 cases of abrasions, 13 cases of muscle spasm and strain, 11 cases of hypoglycemia, and 3 cases of abdominal pain. All the injured were treated and observed in time. Each patient achieved a complete remission.Conclusions:To achieve the success of medical security of the highest average altitude cross-country race certified by International Trail Running Association (ITRA), we must formulate a scientific and perfect medical security work plan in the first place: pre competition physical examination, especially the application of sports cardiopulmonary function test, screen out athletes who may have medical accidents; during the competition, focus on monitoring and tracking the players who may have problems; each support point is closely connected with the support vehicle; do a good job of first aid training for all kinds of personnel, so that medical accidents can be found, aided, and transferred at the first time. The medical care and rescue of Amne Machin extreme cross-country challenge have played a good role in the security of the international plateau sports events, which provides a reference for the security of similar events.
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The study was designed to explore the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on network pharmacology. All targets related to AD were researched in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD). The common targets obtained by two databases were determined as candidate proteins involved in AD. All active components related to Kai Xin San were researched from ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion). PharmMapper was used to obtain the primary candidate targets of Kai Xin San. The corresponding gene name of each target protein was obtained from the UniProt database and selected human target proteins. Finally, the target proteins related to AD by Kai Xin San were acquired; Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to construct the topology analysis for the active ingredient-AD target interaction network of Kai Xin San. According to STRING database and DAVID annotation databases, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the targets was performed. The network pharmacology analysis results were verified by Discovery Studio molecular docking software. There were 31 components meeting the conditions of ADME and 8 targets relating to AD. Thirteen kinds of biological process, 7 related to molecular function and 11 related to cellar components, were included in 31 GO entries. There were 5 KEGG pathways, involving the calcium signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The docking results of Discovery Studio showed that active ingredients of Kai Xin San and the positive controls all have good binding activity with important targets. In conclusion, the Kai Xin San as applied for treating AD has the advantages of multi-components and targets, to investigate the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San for treating AD based on network pharmacology to eludicate possible studies of the mechanisms of action.
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[Objective]To explore the prevalence trend and pathogenic characteristics of hand-food-mouth disease (HFMD) in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2007 to 2016. [Methods] Information on cases of hand-food-mouth disease in Jiading District from 2007 to 2016 was collected and analyzed. [Results]There were 37 520 reported cases from 2007 to 2016 with average age of 2.81 years old, in which 92.05％ cases were aged 5 years old or below. The incidence rate showed fluctuation over years was from the lowest incidence of 217.03/105 in 2015 to the highest of 461.83/105 in 2016. There were 55.95％ of reported cases from the period of April to July and 94.98％ were from rural and urban-rural areas. Samples from 799 patients as pharynx swab and anal swab, etc. were found to be enterovirus 71 (EV71) , the dominant pathogen, accounting for 44.56％ of total isolation. There were 0.59％ severe cases, 96.23％ of which were positive of EV71. [Conclusion] The HFMD prevalence in Jiading District of Shanghai showed periodicity and seasonality. Children aged 5 years old below and living in non-urban areas showed higher incidence risk. EV71 is the dominant pathogen, especially for the severe cases. These findings suggested that targeted measures should be carried out according to the prevalence and pathogenic characteristics, strengthening the prevention and control of HFMD among preschool children in rural and urban-rural areas.
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Objective To investigate the application value of montelukast in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 64 patients with stable COPD in Jinqiu Hospital of Liaoning Province from December 2015 to December 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the digital table,32 cases in each group.The two groups were given routine treatment,including cough,phlegm,oxygen therapy,smoking cessation,rehabilitation treatment,regular use of long-acting bronchodilators,on this basis,the observation group was treated with montelukast sodium.After 12 weeks of treatment,the patients were assessed for airway improvement and quality of life before and after treatment,and recorded the two groups of acute exacerbation and adverse drug reactions.Results The two groups had improved lung function and quality of life after treatment,but after treatment,the FEV1,FVC and FEV1 actual/FEV1 prediction of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =2.49,1.77,1.85 all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the 6 minutes walking distance of the observation group was longer than that of the control group,Borg score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =1.83,6.66,all P ＜0.05).After treatment,the SGRQ score in the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant[(51.15 ± 3.14)points vs.(54.83 ± 4.03)points,t =3.94,P ＜ 0.01].Conclusion Montelukast can effectively improve the stability of COPD pulmonary function and quality of life,and with high safety.
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Objective To develop a HPLC method for the determination of the total flavonol glycosides in health food by acid hydrolysis. Methods The sample was extracted by methanol and was hydrolyzed into 3 aglycones by acid hydrolysis. They were quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin. Chromatographic separation was carried out by the method of HPLC. The content of total flavonol glycosides was calculated. Results Methanol -25% hydrochloric acid solution (4:1) was added into selected samples, then 85 ℃ water bath heating and refluxing were conducted for 30 min. Optimum chromatographic conditions were as follows. Chromatographic column: ODS C18 (150 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm) . Mobile phase: used methanol-0.6% phosphoric acid (47:53) . Column temperature was set at 35 ℃. Detection wavelength was 360 nm. The linear ranges of quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin were (4.766-95.52) μg/mL(r=0.9991) , (5.052-101.0) μg/mL (r=0.9994) and (2.027-48.66) μg/mL (r=0.9994) respectively. The relative standard deviation of the samples was 0.57%. The recovery rate was 98.25% (RSD=3.82%), 99.81% (RSD=3.31%) and 101.8% (RSD=4. 86%) . The detection limits of quercetin and kaempferide were both 0.50 μg, while Isorhamnetin was 0.80 μg, the total flavonol glycosides was 4.52 μg. The content of total flavonol glycosides detected by this method was lower than the content of the total glavonoids detected by the method provided by technical specification for inspection and evaluation of health food (2003 Edition) . Conclusion This method proved to be simple, stable and had strong repeatability and could be used for the determination of total flavonol glycosides in health food.