Construction of Nomogram prediction model of myopia risk and lifestyle among primary school students in Tianjin City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between lifestyle and myopia and construct Nomogram model to predict myopia risk among primary school students in Tianjin, so as to provide a scientific basis for precision myopia prevention and control.@*Methods@#From April to July of 2022, a census method was used to conduct vision testing and lifestyle related questionnaires among 373 180 primary school students in 15 districts of Tianjin. The relationship between lifestyle and myopia was analyzed by the multivariate Logistic regression, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed to predict myopia risk.@*Results@#The detection rate of myopia among primary school students in Tianjin was 37.6%. The results of the multivariate Logistic regression showed that daily outdoor activity time of 1-2 h ( OR =0.94) and >2 h ( OR =0.84), time of using daily electronic devices of >2 h ( OR =1.03), daily paper materials reading and writing time of 1-2 h ( OR =1.02) and >2 h ( OR =1.09), weekly fresh vegetable intake of 2-6 times ( OR =0.93) and ≥7 times ( OR =0.88) were statistically correlated with myopia ( P <0.01). The Nomogram prediction model showed that the factors associated with myopia were grade, family history of myopia, gender, daily outdoor activity time, weekly frequency of fresh vegetable intake, daily paper materials reading and writing time, and time of using daily electronic devices time.@*Conclusions@#The lifestyle of primary school students in Tianjin is associated with myopia. The constructed nomogram model could provide a scientific basis for identifying key intervention populations for myopia prevention and taking targeted prevention and control measures.

Correlation between PM 2.5 in Taiyuan city and the number of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease admitted to hospital from 2019 to 2021 / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between atmospheric particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5) concentration and the number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) hospital admissions in the elderly in Taiyuan city. Methods:The atmospheric PM 2.5 concentration in Taiyuan city during 2019—2021 was used as the environmental exposure data, and the number of CKD admission of the elderly patients (> 60 years old) in Taiyuan city at the same time was used as the disease progression index. The distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze overall and lag effects of PM 2.5 average daily concentration on the elderly patients admitted to CKD. Results:A total of 6 037 cases elderly patients with CKD admitted to hospital were included, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.36∶1. The average daily concentration of PM 2.5 was 52.80 μg/m 3, which did not exceed China's air quality standard (75 μg/m3); But in autumn and winter, the average daily concentration of PM 2.5 significantly exceeded the normal reference value, with the highest value reaching 302 μg/m 3. The relationship between the average daily concentration of PM 2.5 and the number of elderly patients admitted to CKD was nonlinear and there was a lag effect. The relative risk ( RR) value reached the maximum when PM 2.5 average daily concentration was 87 μg/m 3 with lag time of 11 days [1.074(95% CI 1.018-1.321)]. The subgroup analysis results showed that the risk of admission of elderly female CKD patients was higher than that of male patients with lag time of 10 days, and the RR was 1.073(95% CI 1.001-1.151). Elderly CKD patients with hypertension (PM 2.5 87 μg/m 3) and diabetes (PM 2.5 88 μg/m 3) had a higher risk of admission when exposed to PM 2.5, with maximum RR values of 1.067(95% CI 1.002-1.136) and 1.162(95% CI 1.021-1.320), respectively. Conclusions:High atmospheric PM 2.5 concentration in Taiyuan city can increase the risk of admission in elderly patients with CKD, especially in women and patients with hypertension or diabetes.

Effect and Mechanism of Prunellae Spica on Metabolic Syndrome in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome is the inherent phenotype of many diseases， which seriously endangers the cardio-cerebrovascular system. Prunellae Spica can regulate lipid metabolism disorder in high-fat mice and inhibit the metabolic disorder of liver injury. This study analyzed the effect of Prunellae Spica on metabolic syndrome and its mechanism， and it is of great significance to find potential safe drugs from natural products. MethodIn this study， the metabolic syndrome model was induced by fructose. The metabolomics method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was used to explore the effect and mechanism of Prunellae Spica on rats with metabolic syndrome. ResultPharmacological results showed that Prunellae Spica significantly reduced the body weight， blood lipid level and lipid peroxidation level and inhibited the release of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in rats with metabolic syndrome. Thus， Prunellae Spica protected the liver and maintained its normal functions. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that metabolites in the serum of rats with metabolic syndrome changed significantly， which was improved after Prunellae Spica treatment. Compared with the metabolites in normal group， 11 differential metabolic markers were found in rats with metabolic syndrome. Compared with model group， Prunellae Spica group had 8 significantly different metabolic markers， among which phosphate， pyruvic acid and succinic acid were common markers. Pathway analysis indicated that the regulatory effect of Prunellae Spica was mainly related to citrate cycle， glycolysis and gluconeogenesis， serine/threonine and glycine metabolic pathways. ConclusionPrunellae Spica can be used as a potential natural source for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. It can regulate the metabolic disorder in metabolic syndrome via energy and amino acid metabolism.

Mechanism of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Processed with Chebulae Fructus Against H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Toxicity Based on TRPV1 Channel / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 （TRPV1） channel in reducing cardiomyocyte toxicity of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus. MethodH9c2 cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro were used as a model to assess cell viability by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay， the expression of TRPV1 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， the changes of nucleus， reactive oxygen species （ROS）， mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca2+ contents were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultCompared with the blank group， when the concentration was ≥0.5 g·L-1， the cell viability was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， the leakage rate of LDH， the release of ROS and Ca2+ were increased， the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased， and the nucleus was pyknosis or even broken in raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus groups. When the concentration was ≥0.5 g·L-1， compared with the same mass concentration of raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix group， the cell viability increased significantly （P<0.01）， the leakage rate of LDH， the release of ROS and Ca2+ decreased， the mitochondrial membrane potential increased， and the nuclear morphology improved in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus group. Application of the same mass concentration of raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix to H9c2 cardiomyocytes pretreated with the TRPV1 inhibitor BCTC significantly increased cell viability， decreased leakage rate of LDH， ROS and Ca2+ release， increased mitochondrial membrane potential and improved nuclear pyknosis compared with untreated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Application of the same mass concentration of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus to H9c2 cardiomyocytes pretreated with BCTC decreased cell viability， increased LDH leakage rate， ROS and Ca2+ release， reduced mitochondrial membrane potential compared with untreated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Real-time PCR results showed that both raw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Chebulae Fructus decoction could increase the expression of TRPV1 mRNA in cardiomyocytes in a concentration dependent manner. ConclusionRaw Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiotoxicity by activating TRPV1 channel， while Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix processed with Chebulae Fructus can attenuate the toxicity through TRPV1 channel， which may be related to the synergistic effect of acid components in Chebulae Fructus and alkaloids in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix on TRPV1 channel.

Clinicopathologic analysis of micro and mini parotid gland tumors / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of micro and mini parotid gland tumors and to provide reference for their clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*METHODS@#Patients with parotid gland tumors treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from December 2012 to April 2020 were selected. Relevant clinical data of the patients with tumor diameter ≤20 mm detected by preoperative CT were collected to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of micro and mini parotid gland tumors. And the collected data were divided into two groups with diameter 11-20 mm and diameter ≤10 mm according to tumor diameter measured by preoperative CT. The clinicopathological differences between the two groups were statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 2 067 patients with primary epithelial parotid gland tumors were collected, and 685 patients with tumor diameter ≤20 mm were examined by CT, accounting for 33.1%. The ratio of male to female patients with micro and mini parotid gland tumors was 1 ∶1.93, the average age was (45.3±13.8) years (12-83 years), and the median course of disease was 12 months (1 week to 30 years). Among them, 635 cases (92.7%) were benign tumors, 50 cases (7.3%) were malignant tumors, and the ratio of benign to malignant was 12.7 ∶1. The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma, and the most common malignant tumor was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The micro and mini parotid gland tumors were divided into 11-20 mm group (n=611) and ≤10 mm group (n=74), the clinical characteristics comparison of the two groups of gender ratio, average age, course of di-sease had no statistical difference (P>0.05). In the 11-20 mm diameter group, the percentage of benign and malignant tumor was 92.8% (567/611) and 7.2% (44/611) respectively, and the ratio of benign to malignant tumors was 12.9 ∶1. In the ≤10 mm diameter group, the percentage of benign and malignant tumor was 91.9% (68/74) and 8.1% (6/74) respectively, and the ratio of benign to malignant tumors was 11.3 ∶1. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Fifty patients with malignant tumor were followed up for the median follow-up period of 39.5 months (1-91 months). Local recurrence occurred in 2 patients with one death. The overall 2-year survival rate was 93.7% and the 5-year survival rate was 89.3%.@*CONCLUSION@#The majority of micro and mini parotid gland tumors was benign lesion. There was a good prognosis for micro and mini parotid gland carcinoma. Early surgical treatment was recommended for micro and mini parotid gland tumors.

Expression and Significance of BLIMP-1 in Regulatory T Cells of Children with Aplastic Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of B lymphocyte-induced mature protein-1 (BLIMP-1) in regulatory T cells (Tregs) of children with aplastic anemia (AA), and analyze its correlation with the number of Tregs and the levels of inhibitory cytokines interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in plasma.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood samples of 10 newly diagnosed AA children and 10 healthy children were collected for experiment. qPCR was used to detect FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA expression levels. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Tregs, the expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs, and the levels of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-17A, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma. Pearson correlation model was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of BLIMP-1 in Treg and the number of Tregs, as well as the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, the proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood of AA children was decreased significantly (P<0.001); The plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-γ in AA children were increased significantly (P=0.033, P=0.031, P=0.006), and IL-17A also was increased but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.052), while anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly reduced (P=0.048, P=0.002). The relative expressions level of FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA in AA children were significantly lower than those in control group (P=0.037, P=0.016). The expression of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs of AA children was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.001). The expression level of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs was positively correlated with the percentage of Tregs in lymphocytes (r=0.671, P=0.001), and was also positively correlated with the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma (r=0.500, P=0.029; r=0.486, P=0.030).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs of AA children is impaired, and the low expression of BLIMP-1 is related to the decrease of the number in Tregs and IL-10 and TGF-β expressions.

Effect of Shaoyaotang on Expressions of CD14, FADD and Caspase-8 in Colonic Tissues of Rats with Large Intestinal Damp-heat Syndrome of Ulcerative Colitis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Shaoyaotang on the contents of cell adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） and transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁ （TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁） in serum of large intestine damp-heat syndrome of ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats， and the gene and protein expressions of leukocyte differentiation antigen14 （CD14）， Fas-related death domain protein （FADD） and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-8 （Caspase-8） in the focal colon tissue. Method:A total of 80 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into the blank group （<italic>n</italic>=10） and modeling group （<italic>n</italic>=70）. The large intestine damp-heat syndrome of UC rats was replicated by the combination of disease and syndrome， which was high-fat， high-sugar and spicy diets combined with 2， 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid （DNBS） and ethanol. After successful modeling， the modeled groups were divided into model group， sulfasalazine （SASP）control group， and low， medium and high-dose Shaoyaotang groups by the method of random number table， with14 rats in each group. Low， medium and high doses of Sulfasalazine 0.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and Shaoyaotang （6， 12， 24 g·kg^-1·d^-1）were given by gavage. The blank group and the model group were given equal volume of normal saline for 21 days. The contents of serum ICAM-1 and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， the expressions of CD14， FADD and Caspase-8 mRNA in colon tissues were detected by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the expressions of CD14， FADD and Caspase-8 protein in colon tissues were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with the blank group， the serum ICAM-1 level in the model group were significantly increased， whereas the content of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The relative expression levels of CD14， FADD， Caspase-8 mRNA and protein were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the model group， the content of ICAM-1 in the serum of the rats in the medium， high-dose Shaoyaotang groups and the SASP group were significantly decreased， while the content of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ in the serum of the rats in the low， medium， high-dose Shaoyaotang groups and the SASP group were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The expression levels of CD14， FADD， Caspase-8 mRNA and protein in each intervention group were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， especially in the high-dose Shaoyaotang group and the SASP group. Conclusion:Shaoyaotang has a certain intervention effect on UC rats with large intestine damp-heat syndrome， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of CD14， FADD and Caspase-8 genes and proteins expression.

Cross-talk between CXC chemokine ligand 10-CXC chemokine receptor 3 axis and CC chemokine ligand 17-CC chemokine receptor 4 axis in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to determine whether a correlation existed between CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10)-CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and CC chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17)-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP).@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood of OLP patients (non-erosive and erosive groups) and healthy controls were collected, and T cells were isolated and purified. T cells were co-cultured with three groups: blank, anti-CXCR3, and anti-CCR4. CXCR3 and CCR4 expression were detected by flow cytometry, and CXCL10 and CCL17 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The purities of T cells were all >95% in the three groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Two axes interact with each other in the pathogenesis of OLP and may play different roles in its occurrence and development.

Solute carrier family 6 member 1 promoting the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells through affecting the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effects of solute carrier family 6 member 1 (SLC6A1) on migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods Data sets GSE125989 and GSE100534 were downloaded and comprehensively analyzed to screen the key genes. Protein interaction network of key genes was constructed by STRING database and Cytoscape 3.6.1 software, and hub genes were screened. Expression of hub gene SLC6A1 in breast cancer and its effect on prognosis were detected by Ualcan datebase and GEPIA datebase. SLC6Al-siRNA plasmid was transfected to interfere with SLC6A1 expression in breast cancer cells. Migration and invasion of breast cancer cells were detected by wound healing assay and Transwell assays. The mechanism of SLC6A1 in breast cancer was detected by gene set enrichment analysis and Western blotting. SC79 was used to activate the Akt pathway, and then detect changes in cell migration and invasion were detected. Results A total of 92 differentially expressed genes between metastatic breast cancer and carcinoma in situ were selected, and 20 hub genes including collagen I αl (COL1 A1), vascular endothelial growth factor A( VEGFA) and SLC6A1 were selected. SLC6A1 were highly expressed in breast cancer tissues (P<0.001) and correlated with prognosis (P=0.01). After SLC6A1 interference, the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells decreased significantly (P<0.05). Inhibition of SLC6A1 expression can inhibit the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (P<0.05). Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway eliminated the inhibitory effect of SLC6Al-siRNA on migration and invasion of breast cancer cells (P<0.05). Conclusion SLC6A1 promotes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Chemical variation in Aconti Kusnezoffii Radix before and after processing based on UPLC-Orbitrap-MS / 中国中药杂志

Some Chinese herbal medicine needs to be processed before it can be used as medicine, especially toxic Chinese medicine. Highly toxic Aconti Kusnezoffii Radix(Caowu in Chinese) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine, Caowu is usually processed by boiling with water(CW) until no white part inside and being tasted without tongue-numbing. In Mongolian medicine, it is usually soaked in Chebulae Fructus(Hezi in Chinese) decoction for several days(CH). Both methods could reduce toxicity according to reports. The biggest difference between CW and CH is that CW needs to be heated for 4-6 h, while CH needs Hezi as processing adjuvants. To explore the toxicity reduction mechanism of CW and CH, we studied the contents of various compounds in Caowu processed by two methods by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS. The results indicated that CW had 14 new ingredients, such as 14-O-anisoylneoline and dehydro-mesaconitine, while N-demethyl-mesaconitine and aconitine disappeared. At the same time, it could significantly decrease the content of diester diterpenoid alkaloids and increase the contents of monoester diterpenoid alkaloids and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids. CH had 9 new ingredients from Hezi, like gallic acid, chebulic acid and shikimic acid. Neither the kinds nor the contents of compositions from Caowu in CH changed little. This suggested that the processing mechanism of CW reduced highly toxic components(diester diterpenoid alkaloids) and increased the content of lowly toxic components(monoester diterpenoid alkaloids and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids). Attenuated principle of CH may be related to the components of Hezi. In this experiment, the conclusion shows that the chemical constituents of CW and CH are essentially different, and the two methods have different toxicity reduction principles.

Application of mixed reality technique for the surgery of oral and maxillofacial tumors / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the application of mixed reality technique for the surgery of oral and maxillofacial tumors.@*METHODS@#In this study, patients with a diagnosis of an oral and maxillofacial tumor who were referred to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from December 2018 to January 2020 were selected. The preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography data of the patients were imported into StarAtlas Holographic Medical Imaging System (Visual 3D Corp., Beijing, China). Three-dimensional (3D) model of tumor and key structures, such as skeleton and vessels were reconstructed to three-dimensionally present the spatial relationship between them, followed with the key structures delineation and preoperative virtual surgical planning. By using mixed reality technique, the real-time 3D model was displayed stereotactically in the surgical site. While keeping sterile during operation, the surgeon could use simple gestures to adjust the 3D model, and observed the location, range, and size of tumor and the key structures adjacent to the tumor. Mixed reality technique was used to assist the operation: 3D model registration was performed for guidance before tumor excision; intraoperative real-time verification was performed during tumor exposure and after excision of the tumor. The Likert scale was used to evaluate the application of mixed reality technique after the operation.@*RESULTS@#Eight patients underwent mixed reality assisted tumor resection, and all of them successfully completed the operation. The average time of the 3D model registration was 12.0 minutes. In all the cases, the surgeon could intuitively and three-dimensionally observe the 3D model of the tumor and the surrounding anatomical structures, and could adjust the model during the operation. The results of the Likert scale showed that mixed reality technique got high scores in terms of perceptual accuracy, helping to locate the anatomical parts, the role of model guidance during surgery, and the potential for improving surgical safety (4.22, 4.19, 4.16, and 4.28 points respectively). Eight patients healed well without perioperative complications.@*CONCLUSION@#By providing real-time stereotactic visualization of anatomy of surgical site and guiding the operation process through 3D model, mixed reality technique could improve the accuracy and safety of the excision of oral and maxillofacial tumors.

Functional movement disorders in children and adolescents / 中国当代儿科杂志

Functional movement disorders (FMDs), also known as psychogenic movement disorders (PMDs), should be considered a biological-psychological-social disease like other functional neurological diseases. It is not merely a psychological or mental disease. The etiology of FMDs includes neurobiological changes, such as abnormal patterns of cerebral activation and abnormal connectivity between the limbic system and the motor networks. Inheritance and epigenetic machinery, such as DNA methylation and changes in grey and white matter morphology, may influence the development of FMDs. FMDs are not rare in the outpatient service of pediatrics and are one of the most challenging movement disorders due to complex and diversified clinical manifestations. Due to a lack of clinical knowledge and unified diagnostic criteria, it is difficult for pediatricians to make a correct diagnosis of FMDs, which may be easily confused with other diseases. Pediatricians should pay more attention to children with FMDs and establish a multidisciplinary team with psychiatrists, specialists in developmental behavior, and physiotherapists, so as to provide active management and treatment for such children.

Expression of FNDC5 in liver cancer tissues and its relationship with clinical parameters / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of FNDC5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of HCC patients.Methods Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of FNDC5 in HCC tissues,and the relationship between its expression and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis.Results FNDC5 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of HCC cells,weakly expressed in the nucleus.Among the 30 liver cancer tissues,FNDC5 was weakly positive in 5,positive in 19,and strongly positive in 6 cases.QRT-PCR assay showed that FNDC5 was highly expressed in HCC tissues with vascular invasion.The incidence of vascular invasion in the high-expression of FNDC5 was 30％ (9/30),which was significantly higher than that of the FNDC5 low-expression group [6.7％ (2/30),] and the difference was significant (x2 =15.026,P ＜0.05).There was no significant correlation between FNDC5 level and age,sex,HBsAg,and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in HCC (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion FNDC5 level in the liver cancer tissues is closely related to the occurrence of vascular invasion.

Expression and Significance of PD-1, TIM-3 and VISTA on T Cell of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of multiple negative costimulatory molecules on peripheral blood T cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its affection on prognosis.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood samples from patients with newly diagnosed AML, complete remission (CR), and no-remission (NR) were collected, the expression levels PD-1、VISTA and TIM-3 in CD4 and CD8 T cells were detected by flow cytometry , and the clinical data of patients were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of PD-1、VISTA and TIM-3 of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the newly diagnosed AML patients were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of PD-1、TIM-3 and VISTA of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the CR group were significantly lower than those in newly diagnosed and the NR group (P＜0.05). The TIM-3 expression level positively correlated with VISTA expression level of CD4 and CD8 T cells in newly diagnosed AML patients (r=0.85 and 0.73). The VISTA and PD-1 expression level of CD4 T cells in newly diagnosed AML, NR after first induction chemotherapy and high risk patients significantly increased (P＜0.05), the TIM-3 expression level of CD8 T cells in high risk group significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the VISTA expression level of CD8 T cells in CBFβ-MYH11 mutation-positive group significantly decreased (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of PD-1、TIM-3 and VISTA in AML peripheral blood T cells may be involved in the immune escape of AML and can be the targets of treatment for acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Expression of Versican and Its Related Molecules in Patient with Multiple Myeloma and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and clinical significant of VCAN and its related molecules in patients with MM.@*METHODS@#Ficoll density gradient centrifugation method was used to speared the bone marrow mononuclear cell in 25 cases of MM before and after treatment, the relative mRNA expression of VCAN and their related molecules (FAK, FN, MK, and HAS) in bone marrow was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and their protein expression was determined by Western bolt.@*RESULTS@#The expression of VCAN, FK and FN in the effective group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P＜0.05), however, the expression of MK and HAS showed no statistically significantly different before and after treatment (P＜0.05). The expression of VCAN of patients in non remission group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). The expression of FAK and FN of patients in no remission group was significant increased as compared with the patients in newly diagnosed group (P＜0.05). The relative expression of VCAN mRNA in the patients at 3rd stage was significantly higher than those at the 1st stage (P＜0.05) and control group but showed no significant difference to the patients at 2nd stage (P＜0.05). The expression of VCAN and its related proteins (FAK, MK, FN) showed positively correlation in bone marrow mononuclear cells of MM patients (P＜0.05). The correlation between VCAN and HAS was not statistically significant (r=0.259，P＞0.05). Survival analysis showed that the relative expression of VCAN mRNA was associated with OS (P=0.049) and PFS (P=0.041) in MM patients.@*CONCLUSION@#VCAN and its related molecules are highly expressed in MM patients; VCAN may act as potential biomarker in the development of multiple myeloma.

Clinical Significance of Platelet Closure Time in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical significance of platelet closure time (PCT) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of 50 newly diagnosed MM patients treated in our hospital from July 2018 to November 2019 and 34 healthy persons underuent physical at the same time were collected. PCT induced by collagen/epinephrine (CEPI) and collagen/adenosinediphosphate (CADP) in peripheral blood were detected by PFA-200，and the clinical data included age, sex, leukocyte count, hemoglobin level, platelet count and level of serum creatinine, cystatin c, blood calcium, β-microglobulin (β-MG), bone marrow plasma cells, light chain protein, as well as the MM types, ISS stage of patients were collected.@*RESULTS@#The level of PCT in MM patients was significantly higher than that in healthy persons; the level of PCT were significantly increased with the increasing of ISS stage in newly diagnosed MM patients; After chemotherapy with bortezomib/dexamethasone (BD), the level of PCT in 15 patients who were responded to the treatment was significantly lower than those before treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#The platelet closure time is abnormal in MM patients, moreover, relates to the progress of the disease. It has an important clinical significance for the evaluation of diagnostic stage and therapeutic efficacy evaluation of MM patients.

Progress of STIM1, a dynamic calcium signal transducer, in cardiovascular diseases / 中国病理生理杂志

Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a transmembrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) , a Ca2+ transducer in ER that activates the store-operated calcium channel.Through Orai1 protein, STIM1 adjusts the intracellular and extracellular calcium concentration.This way is called a store-operated Ca2+ entry.STIM1 plays a key role in phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, proliferation of endothelial cells, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis to regulate lots of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure and systemic hypertension.STIM1 is closely related to cardiovascular diseases through calcium signal.The research progress of STIM1 in cardiovascular diseases is mainly discussed in this article.

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation via the tail vein for acute liver failure in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells can protect and repair the liver of rats with liver failure, but the mechanisms are not completely clear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effects and related mechanisms of intravenous injection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on acute liver failure in rats. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats (provided by Qingdao Daren Fucheng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. in China) were randomly divided into control group, model group and transplantation group. Animal models of acute liver failure were established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine in the model group and the transplantation group. One day after modeling, the rats in the transplantation group were injected with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell suspension, and those in the model group were injected with the same amount of saline. After 1 and 3 days of cell transplantation, the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin were measured. Three days after cell transplantation, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 were detected, the pathological changes of the rat liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β protein in the liver tissue was detected by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, there was a significant reduction in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in the transplantation group (P < 0.05). Inflammation and necrosis of liver tissues in the transplant group were alleviated compared with the model group. The activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β in the liver tissue of the transplanted group was lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05). Overall, these results indicate that human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate hepatic inflammation and pathological injury, and improve the liver function in rats with acute hepatic failure. Moreover, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β activity.

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation via the tail vein for acute liver failure in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells can protect and repair the liver of rats with liver failure, but the mechanisms are not completely clear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effects and related mechanisms of intravenous injection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on acute liver failure in rats. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats (provided by Qingdao Daren Fucheng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. in China) were randomly divided into control group, model group and transplantation group. Animal models of acute liver failure were established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine in the model group and the transplantation group. One day after modeling, the rats in the transplantation group were injected with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell suspension, and those in the model group were injected with the same amount of saline. After 1 and 3 days of cell transplantation, the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin were measured. Three days after cell transplantation, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 were detected, the pathological changes of the rat liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β protein in the liver tissue was detected by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, there was a significant reduction in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in the transplantation group (P < 0.05). Inflammation and necrosis of liver tissues in the transplant group were alleviated compared with the model group. The activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β in the liver tissue of the transplanted group was lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05). Overall, these results indicate that human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate hepatic inflammation and pathological injury, and improve the liver function in rats with acute hepatic failure. Moreover, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β activity.

In accordance with national standards for the training of nursing personnel in the western region / 中国实用护理杂志

The National Standards for the Quality of Nursing Teaching is the core outline for deepening the teaching reform of undergraduate nursing majors in higher education and improving the quality of nursing professionals. Since its establishment, Lanzhou University School of Nursing has been confronted with educational difficulties, overcome difficulties and promote professional development, continued to develop in the western region, and conducted research and study in a characteristic way. Our school conscientiously and strictly follow the standard, constantly clarify the objectives of the school, improve managerial condition, enhance the level of professional connotation construction, formed a "core competencies" oriented training mode, continued the development of "high standard, with characteristic" the road. Our school unifies the standard to make up the gap insufficient, and prepare for greeting the nursing profession certification work carefully.