clinicomorphological study of lymphadenopathy

A total 238 lymph nod specimen were studied at various Hospitals of Lahore. The ages of these patients ranged from 2 years to 80 years. Maximum number of patients with lymphadenopathy [90 out of 238] 37.8% cases were in 10-19 years age group. Females [51.7%] presenting with lymph node enlargement were more affected than males [48.3%]. The commonest presenting complaint was fever [56.3%]. Cervical lymph nodes [80.3%] were the commonest site of involvement. On histopathological examination, seven morphological groups were highlighted; tuberculous lymphadenitis [42.5%], chronic nonspecific lymhadenitis [36.6%], viral lymphadenitis [3.4%] acute bacterial lymphadenitis [0.8%]. Fungal lymphadenitis [0.8%], Metastatic carcinoma [11.3%] and lymphomas [4.6%]

Cephalometric characteristics of class II malocclusion: gender dimorphism

The purpose of this study was to determine the gender dimorphism among the subjects exhibiting class II malocclusion in a Pakistani population sample. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 100 patients [50 male and 50 female] exhibiting class II malocclusion were traced and evaluated.16 angular and 8 linear measurements were used to determine the skeletal, dental and soft tissue patters of the class -II subjects. Significant gender differences were found in SN length variable where males had a significantly larger value than that of female subjects. All the other sagittal skeletal parameters showed no significant gender dimorphism. It was concluded from the study that no statistically significant gender dimorphism exists in the sample other than S-N length, which was larger in males than the female class II subjects. The soft tissue also was protrusive, with lower lips more protrusive in females than the males