[Primary non-hodgkin lymphoma in the maxillary vestibule: report of a rare case]

Lymphoma is the malignant neoplasm of lymphocytes which is divided into 2 categories: Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL]. The occurrence of primary lymphoma in oral cavity is uncommon and comprises only 2% of all extra-nodal lymphomas. The aim of this study was introduction of a case of NHL in oral cavity, presenting the related signs and its differentiation from similar lesions. A 72 year old man referred with complaint of a swelling in left side of the face and demanding to extract the loosen tooth. The swelling had been present for one year accompanying pain and the lesion had been treated as a dental infection. The pain had subsided but swelling had slow growing after medical treatment. Intraoral examination, revealed a swelling with rubbery consistency in depth of left maxillary vestibule extending to the tuberosity. Second premolar tooth was loosen [third degree]. In panoramic view, there was an ill-defined radiolucency from mesial of second premolar to distal of alveolar ridge. This tooth had floating in air view. Incisional biopsy was made under the diagnosis of salivary or mesenchymal tumor. According to histopathology and immunohistochemistry reports, lesion was diagnosed as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was referred to oncologist for treatment. As some of the signs and symptoms of oral lymphoma may be mistaken with dental infections, it is important for a dentist to detect its signs and symptoms and make in time referral.

Neoplastic transformation of oral lichen plan in young patients

Oral lichen plan is a relatively common chronic disorder that occurs in 0.5 to 2.2 percent of the population. Controversy exists in the literature about malignant potential of OLP. Two cases of oral SCC within pre-existing OLP lesions were diagnosed in our department. One of patients was a 31 years old man and another was a 29 years old woman. Location of the lesions was border of the tongue. Both patients had OLP in oral mucosa for many years. They didn't have any known risk factors and were healthy. No viral infection was detected by PCR analysis

[Metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma to the maxillary gingiva in a 75-year old man: a case report]

About 1% of all oral cancers are metastases of primary tumors elsewhere in the body and could be located in the soft tissue as well as in the jaw bones. Among all the primary tumors that arise below the level of the clavicle, renal cell carcinoma [RCC] is the third most common neoplasm according to metastasis in the head and neck region. Majority of the reported cases involve the jaw bones rather than the soft tissues. Here one case of metastatic RCC to the maxillary gingival is reported. The Patient was a 75 year-old man who chiefly complained about swelling in his anterior region of the maxillary gingival. Excisional Biopsy was performed. Metastatic clear cell Renal cell carcinoma [CCRCC] was diagnosed by microscopic examination by demonstrating islands of cells separated from each other by thin fibrovascular septa, with stroma containing numerous sinusoid like vessels and immunohistochemistry [IHC] Staining [S-100, vimentin, EMA,CEA, CD 10, CK7, TTF-1 and PSA]. CT scan confirmed tumor in the right kidney. Nephrectomy and chemotherapy were performed but patient died 9 months after treatment as a result of metastases to brain and lung. CCRCC arise from renal tubular epithelium. Microscopically differential diagnosis for jaw tumors with clear cells includes a broad spectrum of tumors such as odontogenic tumors, salivary gland tumors and metastatic tumors. Generally, an immunohistochemistry panel consisting of S-100, vimentin, EMA. CEA, CD10.CK7, TTF-1 and PSA is useful to diagnose CCRCC from other clear cell tumors. Although IHC aids us in diagnosis, other paraclinical procedures like imaging should be done, to confirm the diagnosis

[Histologic and morphometric evaluation of the effects of bio-oss and cerasorb, on residual ridge preservation following tooth extraction in dog]

Following extraction of teeth the alveolar ridge resorbs and may result in inadequate bone volume for dental implant placement. The aim of this study was to make a histologic and morphometric analysis of the effect of using Bio-oss [a bovine derived xenograft] and Cerasorb [a beta tricalcium phosphate synthetic material] in preventing or reducing the alveolar bone resorption following tooth extraction in comparison with empty sockets as untreated control in a dog model. In this interventional animal study, 5 healthy adult dogs were used. The 2[nd] and 3[rd] mandibular premolars were extracted after reflecting a surgical flap. Following random allocation, the available sockets either served as the untreated control [n=13] or received either Bio-oss [n=10] or Cerasorb [n=10] as test groups. An alginate impression was taken before the application of materials to fabricate a stone cast to serve as an index to make morphometric measurements. The healing events were uncomplicated and six months after the surgical procedures, the dogs were sacrificed and after removing the soft tissues, another impression was taken from the mandibular hard tissues and the tissue blocks were prepared for histologic examination. Morphometric maesurments aimed to measure the changes in vertical dimentions of the buccal and lingual bony plates as well as the horizontal reduction of the ridge at the crest. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. The histologic evaluation included the examination of the quality of the harvested hone as well as the inspection for the presence of remnants of unresorbed biomaterials. The mean changes of buccal and lingual crests and mean ridge reduction were not significantly different between control and cases groups. Histologic examination revealed that in all three groups, the cortical bony plates were thinner and of lower density at the buccal side compared to the lingual side. No trace of inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in any groups. In general, the histologic appearance of the 3 types of specimens resembled to normal lamellar bone. The results of this study showed that the vertical and horizontal resorbion of alveolar ridge following the extraction were minimal at three groups even at the untreated control sites