Systematization of the brain base arteries in ostrich (Struthio camelus)

Thirty ostrich (Struthio camelus) brains were used, injected with latex, to describe the arteries of the brain base.The largest occurrences of the arteries were: The cerebral carotid artery (100%), the intercarotid anastomosis(100%). The caudal branch of the cerebral carotid artery was, on the right (R), developed (53.3%) and vestigial(46.7%); on the left (L), developed (66.7%) and vestigial (33.3%). The ventral tectal mesencephalic artery onthe R (53.3%), on the L (66.7%), direct branch of the cerebral carotid artery on the R (43.3%), on the L (30%)and, direct branch of the basilar artery (3.3%) in both antimeres. The basilar artery was a single vessel (80%),double in (13.3%) and “in island” formation (6.7%). The caudal ventral cerebellar artery was single (96.7%),double (3.3%) on the R and, single (93.3%), double (6.7%) on the L. The dorsal spinal artery was a collateralbranch of the caudal ventral cerebellar artery on the R (96.7%), on the L (93.3%). The ventral spinal artery wasdouble (90%) and single (10%). The rostral branch of the cerebral carotid artery (100%). The caudal cerebralartery, on the R, was double (90%) and single (10%); on the L, was double (53.3%) and single (46.7%). Themiddle cerebral artery was a single vessel (100%). The cerebroethmoidal artery was single (100%). The rostralcerebral artery was single (90%), double (10%) on the R and single (96.7%), double (3.3%) on the L. Thecerebral arterial circle was rostrally open (100%) and, caudally, open (80%) and closed (20%).

Supranumerary muscle of the extensor indicis

It was found an unusual anatomical variation in a male cadaver that is consistent with the existence of anaccessory muscle in the posterior area of the third distal of the forearm. Such structure arises in the posteriorface of ulna and is fixed in the back of the proximal phalange of the middle finger. The described variation isalso useful to the hand surgeon, as the anomalous muscle is an anatomical landmark for operations at this area.To our knowledge, this variation has not been cited in recent medical literature.

Accessory flexor carpi ulnaris muscle: a case report of a rare variation in human

This study describes a rare case of the accessory muscle originated from the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. Anunusual variation of the flexor muscle was observed during the male cadaver dissection. The presence of ananatomical variation muscle was verified in the forearm on the left side of a 59 year old corpse settled in formol10%. Morphological variability and clinical significance are reviewed.

Calcification of the left internal carotid artery and itsimplications: a case report in human

During routine activities in the laboratory, a calcified segment of the left internal carotid artery was observedin a caucasian cadaver skull. The calcification extends from the cerebral segment to the cavernous segmentof the internal carotid artery. Some important diseases seems to be related with calcification of the internalcarotid artery, thus, the present study shall be important for health sciences and those who keep some interestin pathologies associated with calcifications.