Kyrieleis plaques associated with Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 acute retinal necrosis

We report the case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent male who presented with features typical of acute retinal necrosis [ARN]. Polymerase chain reaction of the aqueous tap was positive for Herpes Simplex Virus [HSV] - 1. Following therapy with intravenous Acyclovir, followed by oral Acyclovir and steroids, there was marked improvement in the visual acuity and clinical picture. At one week after initiation of treatment, Kyrieleis plaques were observed in the retinal arteries. They became more prominent despite resolution of the vitritis, retinal necrosis and vasculitis and persisted till six weeks of follow-up, when fluorescein angiography was performed. The appearance of this segmental retinal periarteritis also known as Kyrieleis plaques has not been described in ARN due to HSV-1 earlier

Macular infarction and traumatic optic neuropathy following blunt ocular trauma

Macular infarction is a visually disabling condition caused by a variety of reasons. It has rarely been described in association with blunt ocular trauma. We describe the case of a young healthy male who sustained injury with a bull's leg and presented with severe visual loss owing to macular infarction and traumatic optic neuropathy. This report of an angiographically documented macular infarct secondary to ocular contusion highlights an additional feature in the spectrum of ocular findings following blunt trauma that might lead to a severe and permanent affliction of vision

Peripheral retinal ischemia in a young Indian woman with neurofibromatosis type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 [NF-1] is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by cafe-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, axillary freckling, Lisch nodules of iris, gliomas and various systemic vascular ischemic manifestations mainly in the aorta, brain and kidney. Retinal vascular manifestations in patients with NF-1 are usually representative of retinal capillary hemangiomatosis. Few cases of NF-1 with retinal vascular occlusive disease have been described. We describe a young Indian woman with NF-1 with unilateral peripheral retinal ischemia but no vascular abnormality at the posterior pole

Intravitreal bevacizumab in congenital retinal macrovessel with retinal arteriolar macroaneurysm

Congenital retinal macrovessel [CRM] refers to an aberrant vessel, usually a vein, which traverses the macula and supplies both sides of the horizontal raphe. It is a rare condition, mostly asymptomatic and discovered on routine examination. We describe a case of both arterial and venous CRM with a macroaneurysm along the arterial CRM that presented with decreased vision due to prominent lipid exudation at the macula. Treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab resulted in a favourable anatomical as well as functional outcome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this unusual presentation of CRM, and its successful management with intravitreal bevacizumab