CXC Ligand 5 cytokine serum level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal body mass index: a case-control study

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is the most common endocrine disease and associated with insulin resistance. CXC Ligand 5 [CXCL5] is a new cytokine which is secreted from white adipose tissue during obesity and by blocking insulin signaling pathway inhibits the activity of insulin and promotes insulin resistance

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess serum level of CXCL5 in PCOS women with normal body mass index

Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 30 PCOS women with normal body mass index as the case group and 30 non-PCOS women as the controls were enrolled. Serum levels of CXCL5, insulin and other hormones factors related with PCOS were measured by ELISA method, also the biochemical parameters were measured by auto analyzer

Results: Significant increases in serum insulin concentration, homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance, luteinizing hormone, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone, fasting blood sugar, testosterone, and prolactin were observed in the case group compared to the controls. were in the serum level of CXCL5, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, dehydroepi and roster one-sulfate, creatinine, and homeostasis model assessment of beta cell function between these two groups

Conclusion: In this study, no significant change was observed in serum concentrations of CXCL5 in PCOS women with normal BMI

effects of adding meperidine to heavy intrathecal lidocaine on hemodynamic changes and blood loss in open prostatectomy: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Clinical investigations have reported several anesthetic properties of intrathecal injections of meperidine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding meperidine to intrathecal heavy lidocaine on hemodynamic changes and blood loss in patients undergoing elective suprapubic open prostatectomy. In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 77 patients candidate for elective suprapubic open prostatectomy were allocated to two equal groups. All patients in the control and experimental groups received heavy lidocaine intrathecally. A low dose of meperidine was added to lidocaine in the experiment group. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate were measured and documented in several intervals. Blood loss, transfusion rate, shivering, nausea, vomiting, need to an analgesic drug, and transient neurologic symptoms were also recorded. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in regards to blood pressure changes in operating room. Blood pressure increase was more prevalent among patients of the control group immediately in post-operating period .There were significantly [P<0.0001] less postoperative bleeding and need to transfusion in the experimental group. Adding low dose of meperidine to lidocaine induces minimal effect on blood pressure change in operating room, but prevent increasing of blood pressure in postoperative period with a reduction of bleeding

Effect of fentanyl versus buprenorphine on the pupil size in phacoemulsification cataract surgery

Despite several recent innovations in phacoemulsification surgery, importance of pupil diameter in this surgery is becoming more evident. To compare the effect of opioid agonist [fentanyl] versus opioid agonist-antagonist [buprenorphine] on pupil diameter in cataract surgery and to choose the best opioid in high-risk phacoemulsification surgery. In this randomized double-blinded clinical trial, 60 patients who were candidates for elective phacoemulsification surgery were randomly divided into two equal groups: experimental [buprenorphine, 0.3 microg/kg] and control [fentanyl, 1 microg/kg]. Pupil diameter was measured preinjection and at several times postinjection. Blood pressure was recorded at several intervals, as well as shivering, nausea and vomiting, and recovery time. Mean [SD] recovery time was significantly less in the control group [19.46 +/- 5.43] than in the experimental group [33.23 +/- 10.75] [P < 0.0001]. The constriction effect [ie, pupillary diameter in mm] was significantly lower in the experimental group [0.53 +/- 0.45] than in the control group [1.06 +/- 0.52] [P=0.0001]. The percentages of constriction effect in experimentaland control groups were 7.68% and 15.07%, respectively. The eye was two times more constricted in the control group in comparison with the experimental group after induction of anesthesia. Buprenorphine is a better solution to decrease pupil constriction in comparison with fentanylinhigh-risk phacoemulsification surgery