RESUMEN
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest head and neck malignancy which accounts for approximately 20% of the cancer burden in Asian countries. Frequencies and incidence rates of site specific head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been reported regularly in different studies from various parts of the country
Methods: It was a descriptive study including 84 biopsy proven cases of squamous cell carcinoma from head and neck region reported to ENT unit-1 Allied Hospital Faisalabad by Pathology lab during January 2014 and December 2015. Data was acquired from hospital and pathology lab and analysed using SPSS version 18. Inclusion Criteria: Primary cases, mucosal disease. Exclusion criteria: congenital tumors, children, mentally retarded
Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the sites of cancer in head and neck along with their risk factors so that community education may be performed for better prevention of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Results: Mean age of the patients was 53.71 +/- 14.3 [median: 55] years. Mean age of females was 51 +/- 13.28 [median: 50] years. Mean age of male patients was 56 +/- 15.1 [median: 55] years. 53% of patients belonged to rural areas [n=53]. 37% [n=31] of patients came from urban areas. The commonest risk factor was smoking. The commonest site was hypo-pharynx
Conclusions: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma has a peak age incidence in 5th decade. Males and females are equally affected. Smoking is the commonest risk factor in Faisalabad. Most of the patients have moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Hypo-pharynx is the commonest site involved
RESUMEN
Objective: Aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and various management options of Hoarseness
Place and Duration of Study: 300 patients were selected from ENT OPD and casualty department of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad during January, 2013 to June, 2014
Materials and Methods: 300 patients were selected for study. The patients were assessed and a treatment plan formulated. Treatments were given depending on patients symptoms, vocal requirements and clinical findings
Results: In our study, majority of the cases, 116 patients [38.66%] were found to be suffering from Acute and Chronic Laryngitis, as the leading cause of Hoarseness. Acute Laryngitis was found in two peaks of age groups, one below 10 years of age, then the 2nd peak was found in age group between 10 to 20 years. In our study 46 patients of Tumors [15.33%] were the 2nd highest cause of Hoarseness. Tumors were found to be maximum in age group of 50 to 60 years. 49 patients were found to be suffering from Vocal Nodules [16.33%]. Vocal Nodules were found to be maximum in the age group between the 30 to 40 years. Vocal Cord Paralysis was found in 33 patients [11%]. Trauma, Blunt or Iatrogenic [injury to Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve following Thyroidectomy] was found in 27 patients [9%] as a cause of Hoarseness. Trauma was common in the age group between 10 to 20 years. 18 patients [6%] were found to have Vocal Polyps and the maximum age group was found to be between 30 to 40 years. Diphtheria was found in 8 patients [2.67%] and the maximum age group was below 10 years. All improved by timely ADS, Antibiotics and tracheostomy. Laryngeal Web was found in only 3 patients [01%] and the age group was again below 10 years
Conclusion: Our study concludes that acute and chronic laryngitis is the leading cause of hoarseness [42% of cases] and management plan varies according to its etiological cause from conservative voice rest and speech therapy to surgical intervention
RESUMEN
Objective: Aim of the study was to determine the etiology and management options of epistaxis admitted through emergency in our ENT Ward of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad
Place and Duration of Study: This study includes 300 cases of epistaxis admitted through emergency in our ENT Ward of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from January, 2013 to September, 2014
Materials and Methods: All the patients in this series were admitted through Emergency of ENT Department, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Detailed history and thorough examination was done in all the patients. Investigations to measure Hemoglobin, total and differential Leucocyte Count, Platelet Count, Random Blood Sugar, Electrolytes and Serum Creatinine. Bleeding parameters like, Bleeding Time / Clotting Time [BT/CT], Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time [APTT] should also be requested
Results: In our study of 300 cases, 56 cases [18.67%] were of the maximum age group [51 to 60 years] and the minimum 30 cases [10%] were of age group between 1 to 10 years. 180 cases [60%] were males and 120 [40%] were females. Hypertension was the leading Etiological Factor in 83 cases [27.67%] in our study. Next was the Idiopathic group in 67 cases [22.33%]. Regarding treatment Anterior Nasal Packing was found to be sufficient in 123 cases [41%] in our study. 94 cases [31.33%] were required to be done Nasal Cautery. Only 09 cases [3%] required Posterior Nasal Packing. Arterial ligation or endovascular embolization was not required in any case
Conclusions: Our study concludes that hypertension is the leading cause of Epistaxis [27.67% of cases] in the age of group of 51 to 60 years [19% of cases]. Whereas, the most effective treatment is Anterior nasal packing [41% of cases]
RESUMEN
Objective: To determine the complications of emergency tracheostomy in patients presenting to E.N.T emergency
Study design: Prospective type of study
Place and duration of study: Allied Hospital Faisalabad from 01-09-2012 to 31-05-2013
Methodology: This study includes 50 patients in which emergency tracheostomy was performed by the otorhinolaryngology department of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Patients came from all over the province of Punjab either directly or referred cases from various BHUs. / RHCs or even DHQ
Results: Complications rate was 26% after emergency tracheostomy. The rate of immediate complications was 14%
Conclusion: Emergency tracheostomy, though lifesaving, is associated with definitive complications
RESUMEN
Objective: To determine the evaluation of etiology and management options of epistaxis in patients presenting to ENT ward Allied Hospital Faisalabad
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Allied Hospital Faisalabad from July 2012 to December 2012
Methodology: Sixty patients of both sexes between the ages of 15-80 undergone this study. Detailed history taken and complete ENT examination done in all cases. Regular blood pressure monitoring done in all the patients. All the patients were fully investigated. Management included first aid measures [nose-pinching, ice-sponging, cold-saline gargles], anterior nasal packing, posterior nasal packing, and chemical cautery using silver nitrate
Results: In this study epistaxis was caused by hypertension in 27 cases [45%]. In 15 patients [25%], the cause was trauma. Anatomic lesions caused epistaxis in 6 cases [10%]. Chronic liver disease and pregnancy complications result in epistaxis in 3 cases [5%] each. While in 6 cases [10%], no cause was found. Patients were managed successfully with non-surgical methods [first aid measures, anterior nasal packing, posterior nasal packing, chemical cautery]. Anterior nasal packing was done in 45% cases [the most effective]
Conclusion: From the study, it is concluded that the commonest cause of epistaxis in this region of the Punjab is hypertension [45% of cases] and the most effective treatment option for epistaxis is anterior nasal packing [45% of cases]