RESUMEN
Cases referred to a tertiary hospital tend to be more difficult to manage. Therefore, the demographic pattern may differ and changes with time. To determine the prevalence and changing trend of skin diseases according to age, gender and ethnicity in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Methods: This retrospective, cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2014. Results: The top five skin diseases in descending order of frequency were eczema, infection, acne and acneiform disorders, psoriasis and urticaria/angioedema. Eczema is now the most common skin disease as compared to an earlier study from 1995 to 1999 where infection was the most common. A total of 58,252 clinic attendees consist of Malays (61.0%), followed by Indians (20.1%) and Chinese (18.9%). Out of these, 51.6% were females and 48.4% were males. Majority of patients were 20-29 years old (n = 11546, 24.6%) followed by 30-39 (n= 6621, 14.1%) and 10-19 years old (n= 6335, 13.5%). Conclusion: As eczema is now the most common skin disease encountered, the management of each patient need to be tailored according to the different type of eczema. Training for eczema and other skin diseases can be provided by primary care health providers as treatment for these cases are available at primary care level.
RESUMEN
Background According to the Department of Public Health Malaysia, the total number of HIV patients up to December 2006 was 76,389. More than 90% were males with Malays being the majority. IVDU was the main mode of transmission followed by heterosexual contact. Objectives To determine the sociodemography, associated risk factors and clinical presentation of patients with HIV attending the Genitourinary Medicine (GUM) clinic. Method A retrospective study analyzing the data using a standard questionnaire. All HIV patients seen in the GUM clinic between 1/1/2000-31/12/2005 were recruited. Results A total of 191 patients with HIV were seen, with 84% being males and 16% females. This constituted 4.2% of the total number of patients seen in the clinic. 64% were Chinese, 18% Malays, 15% Indians and 2% other races. 90% were between 21-50 years of age. The major risk factors for males were sexual promiscuity (61%) and IVDU (14%). 41% frequented commercial sex workers. 74% were heterosexuals, 18% homosexuals and 8% bisexuals. The major risk factors for females were being sexual partners of HIV infected males (48%), IVDU (16%) and sex workers (6%). Majority reported no usage of condom. The main diagnoses at presentation were herpes genitalis (24%), genital warts (22%), gonorrhoea (10%) and syphilis (10%). Non venereal disease accounted for 23%. Conclusions The major risk factor for HIV transmission in patients attending the GUM clinic was exposure to sex workers, and the predominant race was Chinese. According to the national figure the main mode of HIV transmission was IVDU with Malays being the majority. The main diagnoses at presentation were herpes genitalis, genital warts, gonorrhoes and syphilis.