diagnostic role of trageted fine needle aspiration cytology of liver in malignant focal mmass lesions a cytohistological correlation

In this prospective study 50 consecutive cases of focal hepatic masses were subjected to ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy in differentiating primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms [Hepatocellular carcinoma versus Metastatic deposits]. In the present series 33 cases of histologically confirmed neoplastic lesions were encountered including 24 [82.3%] cases of metastatic deposits and 9[17.7%] of hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]. The sensitivity of FNAC for diagnosis of metastasis was found to be 100% and specificity was 84.6%. No false-ve cases were reported. However, morphological overlap with poorly differentiated HCC resulted in 16.6% false positive results. In cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 66.6% false negative rate was recorded, maximum discrepancy was encountered in the category of well differentiated and poorly differentiated HCC. Considering that HCC is common in our part of the world, a better expertise is needed for its cytological diagnosis in order to help the clinicians in planning and management of this focal mass and the common lesion of metastasis

Gastritis: a historical review of old classification and the current version

Several Classifications have been proposed from time to time for chronic gastritis in order to bring about a uniformity in its pathological reporting and clinical understanding. These classifications were mostly based on the morphology or typography. However, with the discovery of H. Pylori, aetiological classification is also done. A review of the Classification systems being used is described to facilitate in Standardized reporting of the findings

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding: a retrospective clinicomorphological study over two years

A retrospective study was carried out to analyse endometrial morphological patterns in cases labelled clinically as "dysfunctional uterine bleeding". Period of study was 2 years from September 1993 through September 1995. Diagnostic endometrial curettage was obtained from a total of 850 cases during this period. Ages of these patients ranged between 30-60 years and menorrhagia was the commonest presenting complaint [69.65%]. The morphological break up revealed normal phase of menstrual cycle in 26.27% of cases followed by adenomatoushyperplasia [22.9%], cystic hyperplasia [17.9%], hormonal imbalance [14.76%], endometritis [10.2%], polyp [3.21%], pill endometrium [2.8%] and malignancy in 1.97% of cases, hence making adenomatous hyperplasia the commonest pathological alteration. The results also highlight the accidental findings of organic causes as polyps or malignancy in 5.17% cases thus emphasizing upon the importance of diagnostic curettage in all clinically diagnosed cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Immuno fluorescence study of renal lesions in diabetes mellitus

Percutaneous renal biopsies were performed in 30 diabetic patients, who presented with proteinuria. The tissues obtained were studied for evidence of an immune lesion using immunofluorescence techniques. We could not demonstrate any Consistent pattern of binding of FITC labelled polyvalent, monospecific IgG, IgA, 1gM and labelled bovine insulin antisera in various diabetic renal lesions. The binding of labelled insulin could be observed even in biopsies obtained from patients, who had never received exogenous insulin therapy. we, therefore, conclude that there is no evidence to support an immune pathogenesis in the morphogenesis of the diabetic renal lesions, nor do these lesions occur as a result of insulin therapy