Immunohistochemical Findings in the Early Ischemic Retina of Gerbil Model

Gerbil has no Willis circle so we can make the model of cerebral ischemia simply by occluding the common carotid artery. In this study, we occluded the common carotid arteries of the gerbil for 5 minutes, and at the designated reperfusion time (0.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hrs), the experimental animals were killed for histopathological and neurofilament 68 kDa immunohistochemical study. At 12 hrs after ischemia the neuronal cell change occurred in inner nuclear layer (INL)and ganglion cell layer (GCL). At 24 hrs after ischemia the disappearance of neurons were observed in GCL and severe edema, pyknotic degeneration were observed in INL and outer nuclear layer (ONL ). On immunohistochemical study, the NF 68 kDa antibody labelled the cell bodies in the GCL and some nerve fibers in nerve fiber layer (NFL). In addition, the processes of horizontal cells also showed the slight NF 68 kDa immunoreactivity. After ischemic insult, the intensity of NF 68 kDa immunoreactivity in GCL and NFL was slightly decreased. But, its intensity in the process of horizontal cells was increased. And the NF 68 kDa immunoreacticity was detected in some neurons of INL and ONL. This represents the neurofilament protein has the important role in the cell death at the ischemic retina as well as at the ischemic brain.

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for the Conjunctival Necrosis after Scleral Gra t in the Enucleated Eye: 1 Case Report

The amniotic membrane has some characteristics. First, it does not express the human leukocyte antigens, and therefore immunologic rejection is not a concern. Second, it can be obtained easily and sufficiently. Third, because it has antimicrobial properties, transplantation of the amniotic membrane has fewer risks of post-operative infection. So it is under research for the amniotic membrane transplantation in cases of sterile corneal ulcer, pterygium excision,severe chemical and thermal corneal burns, ocular surface defects, conjunctival surface reconstruction after removal of large conjunctival lesions. We have experienced a good result of amniotic membrane transplantation for the conjunctival defect resulting from conjunctival necrosis, in enucleated eye having undergone scleral graft for scleral necrosis. Therefore, we report this case with a review of the literature.

Subperiosteal Abscess Secondary to Dentoalveolar Abscess: 1 Case Report

Suppuaration between the orbital bone and the periorbita produces a subperiosteal abscess. Subperiosteal abscess is a rare condition, which usually developes as a complication of the infection of paranasal sinuses. While the case originated from dentoalveolar infection have been reported. The clinical presentation is eyelid swelling, erythema, proptosis, conjunctival chemosis, ocular motility limitation, decreased visual acuity. Diagnostic methods available for evalulating subperiosteal abscess include sinus X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography(CT), and bacterial culture of abscess content. Subperiosteal abscess is treated with intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage. Prompt diagnosis and treatement are necessory ot prevent visual loss, cavernous sinus thrombosis, subdural abscess, even death. The authors experienced a sixty one year old male who complianed of right buccal swelling and tenderness, eyelid swelling, erythema, proptosis, conjunctival chemosis, eyeball motility limitation on right eye. His facial computed tomography disclosed subperiosteal abscess with infratemporal and parapharyngeal inflammation. An intravenous antibiotics injection and surgical drainage improve the symptom and sign, So we present our case with a brief review of the literature related to subperiosteal abscess secondary to dentoalveolar inflammation.