Is paclitaxel less cardiotoxic in the treatment of breast cancer before or after doxorubicin? / Qual estratégia terapêutica é menos cardiotóxica no tratamento do câncer de mama: uso de paclitaxel antes ou depois da doxorrubicina?

Background: The combination of doxorubicin (DOX) with paclitaxel (PTX) effectively treats breast cancer (BC). However, DOX-associated cardiotoxicity (CTX) is aggravated by the use of PTX. Consensus is lacking about which drug sequence involves the most CTX. Objectives: To evaluate whether DOX followed by PXT or the reverse sequence has the greatest cardiotoxic potential in the treatment of BC. Methods: Prospective study of women with primary BC who received four cycles of DOX and 12 infusions of PTX. Participants were divided into Group 1 (G1; PXT before DOX) and Group 2 (G2; DOX before PXT) at the discretion of the oncologist. CTX was defined as an absolute reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 10% to a value <53%. Patients underwentclinical evaluations and echocardiography before treatment (Phase 1) and one year after treatment (Phase 2). Results: Sixty-nine women were evaluated: 19 in G1 and 50 in G2. The groups had similar clinical characteristics. The doses of radiation, DOX, and PTX used were similar. Eight (11.6%) patients developed CTX: two (10.5%) in G1 and six (12.0%) in G2 (p=0.62). The mean LVEF was similar between groups in Phase 1 (G1=65.1±3.5%; G2=65.2±3.9%; p=0.96), with a significant reduction noted after one year in both groups: G1=61.4±8.1% (p=0.021) and G2=60.8±7.6% (p<0,001). Although lower, mean LVEF remained similar between groups after Phase 2 (p=0.79). Conclusions: In women with BC who underwent chemotherapy, the incidence of CTX at the end of the first year of treatment was similar regardless of whether DOX was used before or after PTX. (AU)

Perfil das Atividades Complementares dos Graduandos em Medicina pela Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2009-2017 / Profile of Complementary Activities of Last-Year Medical Students at the State University of Feira de Santana, 2009-2017

RESUMO As atividades complementares (AC) têm a finalidade de enriquecer o processo ensino-aprendizagem, privilegiando a complementação da formação social e profissional, sendo realizadas por meio de atividades acadêmico-científico-culturais com o objetivo de aprimorar a formação acadêmica. Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o perfil das atividades complementares realizadas pelos graduandos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) no período de 2009 a 2017. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental de natureza descritiva. A coleta foi conduzida por meio da revisão dos dados constantes nos pareceres do colegiado de curso e certificados entregues pelos estudantes. Após a digitação, os dados foram processados por meio do programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0 para Windows, e apresentados em gráficos e tabelas, com a subsequente análise descritiva das variáveis de interesse. A amostra foi composta por 171 estudantes, com predomínio do gênero feminino (56,1%). A maioria das atividades realizadas pelos estudantes ocorreu na modalidade participação em eventos científicos (51,6%). Observou-se que atividades culturais e esportivas não são aproveitadas pelo colegiado. Os estágios extracurriculares mais procurados foram na área de Urgência e Emergência (38,5%). Observou-se a média de quase um artigo publicado por aluno, sendo a Pediatria a área de conhecimento com maior número de publicações (24,8%). Além disso, encontrou-se grande disparidade entre carga horária apresentada pelo aluno e carga horária aproveitada pelo colegiado de curso, com perdas de 74% nos estágios extracurriculares e de 63% em monitoria + iniciação científica + extensão. Os resultados deste estudo apontam a necessidade de discussão e revisão do Regimento de Atividades Complementares do curso de Medicina da UEFS e podem contribuir para a educação médica por discutirem um tema esquecido pela maioria dos cursos de graduação em Medicina.

ABSTRACT Complementary Activities aim at enriching the teaching-learning process, favoring the complementation of social and professional formation, being carried out through academic-scientific-cultural activities, of which objective is to improve the academic training. This article aims to characterize the profile of the complementary activities carried out by last-year medical students from Feira de Santana State University (UEFS), from 2009 to 2017. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study. Data collection was carried out by reviewing the data contained in the opinions of the course collegiate and certificates delivered by the students. Subsequently, the data were processed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0 for Windows, and presented as charts and tables, with subsequent descriptive analysis of the variables of interest. The sample consisted of 171 students, with a predominance of females (56,1%); most of the activities performed by the students took place as participation in scientific events (51,6%); it was observed that cultural and sports activities are not used by the collegiate. The most sought after extracurricular trainings were in the urgency and emergency area (38.5 %); there was an average of 0.93 articles published per student, with Pediatrics being the area with the highest number of publications (24,8%). Moreover, there was a great disparity between the students' course load and the hours utilized by the course collegiate, with losses of 74% in the extracurricular training activities and 63% in monitoring + scientific initiation + extension activities. The results of this study point to the need to discuss and revise the Complementary Activities Regulations of the UEFS medical course, and may contribute to medical education, for discussing a topic disregarded by most undergraduate medical courses.