RESUMEN
A flora bacteriana encontrada no intestino de populações brasileiras de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) provenientes de duas áreas endêmicas para leishmaniose visceral (Jacobina, BA e São Luís, MA) e de uma área não endêmica (Gruta da Lapinha, MG) é descrita. Cinco grupos de 35 fêmeas de cada população foram separados, no total de 175 fêmeas analisadas por área de coleta. A identificação das espécies foi baseada em métodos moleculares e em métodos bacteriológicos tradicionais. As bactérias encontradas foram classificadas como pertencentes ao grupo das não-Enterobacteriaceae, como Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Flavimonas, Pseudomonas, ou ao grupo das Enterobacteriaceae, como Stenotrophomonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Serratia, Pantoea, Morganella e Weeksella. Stenotrophomonas esteve presente nas três populações analisadas. Além disso, Serratia spp., grupo bem documentado como contaminante laboratorial de insetos, foi detectado apenas na população de Jacobina. O impacto da colonização do intestino de insetos por bactérias no desenvolvimento e transmissão de patógenos é discutido.
The bacterial community associated with the midgut of three Brazilian Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) populations, two from endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis (Jacobina, Bahia State and São Luís, Maranhão State) and one from a non-endemic area (Lapinha Cave, Minas Gerais State), was identified. Five groups, 35 females each, from each population were separated; a total of 175 females per collecting area were analyzed. The species identification was based on molecular and traditional bacteriological methods. All bacteria were either affiliated to non-Enterobacteriaceae, such as Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Flavimonas, Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas, or and to Enterobacteriaceae, such as Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Serratia, Pantoea, Morganella and Weeksella. Stenotrophomonas was found to be associated with all three populations studied. In addition, Serratia spp., which are well documented as laboratory contaminant of insects, were detected only in the Jacobina population. We also discuss the impact of the colonization of insect gut by bacteria on the development and transmission of pathogens.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Psychodidae/microbiología , BrasilRESUMEN
Lutzomyia longipalpis females received single and mixed infections with Endotrypanum and Leishmania. Two biological parameters were analyzed: the percentage of infected females and the distribution of flagellates in the gut of the females. The principal comparisons were performed between (1) two strains of Endotrypanum, (2) cloned versus primary sample of one strain of Endotrypanum, (3) Endotrypanum versus Leishmania guyanensis, and (4) the pattern of flagellates behaviour by optical microscopy in females with single or mixed infection versus the identification of parasites isolated from digestive tracts by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Flagellates of Endotrypanum showed distinct patterns of infection suggesting that there is variation between and within strains. The distribution of Endotrypanum and L. guyanensis differed significantly in relation to the colonization of the stomodeal valve. In co-infection with L. guyanensis, a large number of flagellates were seen to be plentifully infecting the stomodeal valve in significantly more specimens than in females infected by Endotrypanum only. However, the electrophoretic profiles of isoenzymes of parasites recovered from all co-infected specimens corresponded to Endotrypanum. This suggests that the mere correlation sand fly infection-biochemical analysis of isolates may induce parasitological incorrect consideration.