RESUMEN
Aeollanthus pubescens Benth. (Lamiaceae) is a herbaceous plant that is native to West Africa. It is commonly used in cooking and traditional healing in some parts of Togo and Benin. This study analyzed the chemical compositions of essential oils obtained from different parts of Togo (Kozah, Est-Mono, and Ogou) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Additionally, the study investigated the bioactivity of essential oils and water extracts on the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus, plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and two plant seeds, Sesamum indicum, and Pennisetum glaucum, regarding germination inhibition.The results showed that the major components of the different essential oils were thymol (55.02%) and thymol acetate (20.03%) for Kozah, D-fenchone (65.05%) for Est-Mono, and thymol (29.48%), carvacrol (20.93%), thymol acetate (16.98%), and carvacryl acetate (13.14%) for Ogou. The Est-Mono essential oil was the most effective in controlling cowpea weevils with an EC50 value of 3.1 ± 0.6 µL/L air. Kozah and Ogou essential oils showed more potent nematicidal activity with EC50/72h values of 305.4 ± 7.3 mg/L and 275.6 ± 2.6 mg/L, respectively, while Est-Mono essential oil did not exhibit any activity. Finally, the Kozah and Ogou essential oils were found to inhibit the germination of dicotyledonous S. indicum seeds by more than 80% at 10 mg/mL, while less germicidal activity was observed on the monocotyledon P. glaucum from the different essential oils. These findings suggest that extracts of A. pubescens could be used in agriculture as a biopesticide.
RESUMEN
This study was aimed to evaluate and to compare the acute and subchronic toxicities of the hydroethanolic extracts of theroot (HECRB) and stem bark (HECSB) of Cassia sieberiana in rats. In acute toxicity study, animals were divided into 2groups (n = 3). Rats received the single dose of 5000 mg/kg of HECRB and HECSB extracts of C. sieberiana orally. Forthe subchronic toxicity, 4 groups (n = 6) were given daily 500 and 1000 mg/kg of extracts for 28 days. Animal behaviorswere observed after each treatment. Results showed that HECRB and HECSB were not toxic at 5000 mg/kg. The LD50was >5000mg/kg for both extracts. After repeated doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, both extracts did not significantly affectthe relative organs weight of treated rats. HECSB did not affect biochemical and hematological parameters. However,HECRB significantly increased parameters such as red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, volume globulaire moyen,teneur corpusculaire moyenne en hemoglobine, and triglycerides. This study showed that HECRB and HECSB are nottoxic. It contributes to a better knowledge of the toxicity of C. sieberiana used for the treatment of several diseases in Togo.