RESUMEN
La hepatitis B constituye un problema serio de salud pública. La vacuna antihepatitis B, administrada en tres dosis, induce una respuesta protectora con formación de anticuerpos en el 95-98% de los vacunados. El Centro Nacional para Control y Enfermedad de EEUU (CDC) recomienda vacunación contra la hepatitis B en grupos de riesgo. Objetivo general: Determinar el nivel de cobertura vacunal para Hepatitis B en médicos residentes en el Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social. Metodología: Estudio de diseño descriptivo, corte transversal realizado en médicos residentes del Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social, en el período 2013. Resultados: De la población estudiada, 49 (32%) fueron del sexo masculino. Desempeña labor como médico: 40 (26,14%) de primer año de residencia, 37 (24,1%) de segundo año, 35(22,8%) de tercer año, 20 (13%) 4 años, 16(10,4%) de cinco años y 5(3,2%) de 6 años de residencia. Desempeña labor realizando procedimientos quirúrgicos/ invasivos 49(32%). De los 153 médicos, 102 (66,6) vacunación completa. 80 (52,2%) refirieron accidente corto punzante. Conclusión: Queda demostrada una aceptable cobertura de vacunación contra la hepatitis B, aunque es insuficiente teniendo en cuenta la accesibilidad de la misma en este Hospital. Palabras claves. Hepatitis B. Vacuna contra la Hepatitis B. Grupo de riesgo
Hepatitis B is a serious public health problem. The hepatitis B vaccine, administered in three doses, induces a protective response with antibody formation in 95-98% of vaccinees. The United States Center for Disease Control (CDC) recommends vaccination against hepatitis B in high-risk groups. Objective: To determine the level of Hepatitis B vaccine coverage for medical residents at the Central Hospital of the Institute for Social Welfare. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional survey of medical residents conducted in at the Central Hospital of the Institute for Social Welfare during 2013. Results: Of the study population, 49 (32%) were male. 40 (26.14%) respondents were in their first year of residency, 37 (24.1%) in their second year of residency, 35 (22.8%) in their third year of residency, 20 (13%) were in their fourth year of residency, 16 (10.4%) were in their fifth year of residency and 5 (3.2%) were in their 6th year of residency. 49 (32%) of respondents were in surgical/ invasive procedural training programs. Of the 153 respondents, 102 (66.6%) were fully immunized. 80 (52.2%) reported a needle-stick or sharps injury. Conclusions: There is an acceptable rate of vaccination coverage against hepatitis B in the study population, but it is insufficient considering the ready availability of the vaccine at this hospital. Keywords: Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B vaccine. High-risk group