Global disability burden and its predictors among adult Nigerians living with type-2 diabetes

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health issue associated with a high prevalence of disability.Studies on disability profile in terms of reduction in body structure and function, personal activities and societal participation, defined as 'global disability', are scarce among people living with T2DM in Nigeria. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of global disability and its predictors among Nigerian living with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 162 patients diagnosed with T2DM and attending a tertiary health facility was performed for global disability measure and function. Their clinical and socio-demographic data were obtained. Poisson regression analysis was applied to assess the predicting factors of disability. Results: A mean global disability score of 22.1 was reported among the participants, varying from moderate to high in each item. About 25.0% had mild disability, while 60.5% reported moderate to severe disability. Elevated glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, age, disease duration and marital status predicted disability. A unit increase in HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and 1 month increase in DM duration had more disability reported estimates [1.062 (CI=1.050-1.075), 1.005 (CI=1.002-1.007) and 1.001 (CI=1.000-1.002) times, respectively]. Married participants were 1.13 (CI=1.02-1.23) times more likely to be disabled than unmarried. Conclusions: There is mild to moderate burden and risk of global disability among Nigerian living with T2DM. Age, DM duration, marital status, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and systolic hypertension significantly predicted disability

Model Comparison and Factors Associated with Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Gender Differentials.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease has become public health concern, because of its increasing rate worldwide especially in developing countries. Previous studies have used statistical methods like multiple regression and correlation to show factors associated with Quality of life (QoL) assessed by SF-36 despite the scoring nature of the items. This study aimed at identifying best model and factors associated with gender differentials in QoL among T2DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited T2DM from Diabetes Care Centre of a teaching hospital, South-western, Nigeria. The models considered were Poisson Model with log link function and square-root link function. The model selection criteria used was Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The model with the smaller AIC was considered to be better. Results: The AIC values for Poisson model with log and square-root link functions for Physical Component Summary (PCS) were 1713 and 1708.3, Mental Component Summary (MCS): 1482.2 and 1480.7, QoL: 2359.7 and 235.8 respectively. Age and diastolic blood pressure had significant negative association with PCS, MCS and QoL in both gender (p<0.05), while occupation and education had significant positive association with PCS, MCS and QoL more in male than female. BMI of normal weight had significant reduction in PCS and QoL of female, whereas this had significant increase in the MCS of male. Conclusion: Poisson model with square-root link function was of better fit to model QoL in T2DM. The significant positive effect of occupation and education on QoL and its domains was more in male than female.