RESUMEN
Los Trastornos Paroxísticos No Epilépticos (TPNE), son diagnóstico diferencial de crisis epilépticas. En Chile no existen reportes de frecuencia. OBJETIVO: Determinar frecuencia de TPNE en pacientes derivados por sospecha de epilepsia a Unidad de Electroencefalografía, Hospital Roberto del Río. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional, transversal. Se revisó registros clínicos de pacientes derivados por sospecha de epilepsia(2012- 2014). Inclusión: paciente con TPNE, >1 mes, sin epilepsia previa. Caracterización: sexo, edad, tipo/subtipo TPNE, comorbilidades, electroencefalograma (EEG), uso fármaco antiepiléptico (FAE). Aprobado por comité de ética. RESULTADOS: Derivados 913 pacientes por sospecha de epilepsia. 36% TPNE (2,3% con epilepsia concomitante), 22% epilepsia aislada. TPNE más frecuente: escolares (31%), adolescentes (29%), femenino (52%). 30,1% hipoxia cerebral (síncope, Espasmo Sollozo); 22,4% trastornos del comportamiento (Descontrol Episódico, Crisis Psicógena no Epiléptica). 32,8% con comorbilidades no epilépticas (Trastornos psiquiátricos/neurodesarrollo). 4,3 % recibieron FAE. CONCLUSIONES: La frecuencia de TPNE en niños/adolescentes supera a la de epilepsia. Es fundamental evaluación multidisciplinaria.
Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNE) are differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures. In Chile, there are no reports on its frequency. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of PNE in patients referred for suspicion of epilepsy to the Electroencephalography Unit of Roberto del Río Hospital. METHODOLOGY: Observational, cross-sectional study. Clinical records of patients referred for suspicion of epilepsy (2012-2014) were reviewed. Inclusion: Patient with PNE, >1 month, without previous epilepsy. Characterization: gender, age, PNE type/subtype, comorbidities, electroencephalogram, use of antiepileptic drug (AED). Approved by the ethics committee. RESULTS: 913 patients were referred for suspected epilepsy: 36% PNE (2,3% with concomitant epilepsy), 22% isolated epilepsy. PNE were more frequent in children (31%) adolescents (29%), and in females (52%). 30.1% Cerebral hypoxia (syncope, breathholding-spells); 22,4% Behavioral disorders (Episodic loss of control, Non-Epileptic Psychogenic Seizures). 32.8% non-epileptic comorbidities (Psychiatric/ neurodevelopmental disorders). 4.3% received AEDs. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of PNE in children and adolescents exceeds that of epilepsy. A multidisciplinary medical evaluation is of the outmost importance. Keywords: Paroxysmal Non-Epileptic Disorder, Non-epileptic episodes, Epilepsy.