Prevalence and severity of carpal tunnel syndrome in women

Carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] is entrapment of median nerve in carpal tunnel of the wrist. The prevalence of CTS related to pregnancy and non-pregnancy is unknown in some countries such as Iran. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CTS in women of Boyerahmad Township located in South-West part of Iran. This cross-sectional descriptive analytic study was done since February 2010 to January 2011 in Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics in 2656 non-pregnant and 1508 pregnant women. The women that had clinical symptoms of CTS performed standard electro diagnostic techniques for rule in or rule out of CTS. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 3.4 and 2.3 percent respectively. The prevalence of CTS in all women was 2.7%. Overall, 51 pregnant women had CTS that 59.4% had mild, 18.8% had moderate and 21.9% had severe CTS. Sixty-one non-pregnant women had CTS that 73.6%had mild, 20.8%t had moderate and 5.6% had severe CTS. Although the prevalence of CTS in Iranian pregnancy is higher than non-pregnancy women conservative treatment is safe and more effective

[Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in women of boyerahmad township]

Carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] is caused by the entrapment of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel of the wrist. CTS is a rather frequent complication in pregnancy. Thud, the prevalence of CTS is higher in women compared to men. However, the percentage of CTS related to pregnancy is not known in some countries such as Iran. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women of Boyerahmad township. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study was done during the period of February 2010 to January 2011 in OB and GYN clinics among 2,656 non-pregnant and 1,508 pregnant women. Among the women whom were referred to the OB and GYN specialists, 175 exhibited the clinical symptoms of CTS and were subjected to standard electrodiagnostic studies performed for either ruling in or out CTS by a Physiatrist. The prevalence of CTS in women who had clinical symptoms was 2.7%. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 3.4% and 2 .3%, respectively. Overall, out of a total of 51 pregnant women who were suffering from CTS, 59.4% had mild, 18.8% had moderate, and 21.9% had severe CTS. Sixty one non-pregnant women had CTS that 73.6% of whom had mild, 20.8% had moderate, and 5.6% had severe CTS. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant women is higher than non-pregnant women. Also the rate of severe CTS is higher among pregnant women

[Comparison efficacy of interferential currents and desmopressin in primary enuresis children of 5-15 years old]

Nocturnal enuresis as a common disorder in children can create many problems. A variety of modalities has been used for its treatment but applying new and effective modalities can be of much interest. In this study efficacy of interferential currents [IFC], as a new modality, has been compared with nasal spray of desmopressin in treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis in 5-15 year old children. This is a prospective, randomized, clinical trial in which 39 patients received desmopressin [20 micro g/ day] for 3 weeks and left off gradually in six months, if it was responsive. The other 36 patients received IFC therapy [5 times/week, 20 minutes each session, up to 15 sessions]. Efficacy of treatment was evaluated after completion of therapeutic sessions and recurrence rate was calculated one month later. About 66.7% of patients were 5-10 and 33.3% were 11-15 years old. Of all subjects, 58.7% were male and 41.3% were female. In those patients who received IFC, complete response was observed in 25%, partial response in 36.1% and 38.9% had no response while in desmopressin group, complete response was achieved in 61.5%, and partial response in 25.6% of cases and 12.8% had no response to the treatment. The recurrence rate in IFC and desmopressin groups were 16.7% and 23.1%, respectively. In 11- 15 year old children, response rate was better than those for 5-10 years old. Male patients had the most rate of recurrence. Therapeutic side effects were not observed in any of the patients in both groups. Desmopressin and IFC are effective and safe modalities for treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis of children with less recurrence in females. Moreover, desmopressin had better efficacy while IFC had less recurrence rate. In addition, desmopressin showed better efficacy in females. IFC can be recommended as an effective and safe modality for treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis, with less recurrence rate

[Case series of familial [hereditary] spastic paraplegia]

The familial spastic paraplegia [FSP] is a heterogeneous group of motor neuron disorders characterized by slow progressive weakness and spasticity of lower limbs. The disorder can appear at any age, but it usually occurs in childhood or early adult life. The genetic pattern of this disease is mainly autosomal dominant trait, but occasionally as an autosomal recessive trait, and very rarely as an X-linked recessive disease. The prevalence of this disease ranges from 2.0 to 4.3 per 100000. In this study, there were 5 patients in a family and 3 in another family who had weakness and spasticity of lower limbs in the first decade of their life. In physical examination, there were normal sensation, ankles spasticity, extensor plantar reflexes, deep tendon reflexes 4.2, tip toe walking, contracture of knees and ankles. Genetic pattern of disease was these patients is autosomal dominant trait

[Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Dena township in 2004]

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease of human with prevalence of 1 to 4 percent. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the chronic complications of diabetes and its prevalence is not properly known, but worldwide is from 5 to 66 percent. The prevalence of this complication is not known in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in definite cases of diabetes type 2 and related factors in Dena town-ship in fall 2004. This was a cross sectional descriptive study that 40 definite cases of type 2 diabetes [28 females and 12 males] whose duration of disease were between 5 to 25 years were selected randomly. After informing and taking history and physical examination of the subjects, the nerve conduction study and electromyography were performed for them. Then the data were analyzed by SPSS software and X[2] and Fischer exact tests. Results of this study showed that prevalence of diabetes in urban and rural areas of Dena township were 1 and 0.8 percent respectively. Prevalence of neuropathy was 52.5% which comprised of 17.5% peripheral neuropathy, 22.5% carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] and 12.5% combined form. The distal symmetrical sensorimotor peripheral polyneuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome were the most common peripheral neuropathy and entrapment mononeuropathy, respectively. In this study, there were no significant statistical correlation between peripheral neuropathy and sex, age, duration of diabetes, fasting blood sugar, underlying disease, retinopathy and nephropathy, but significant correlation was found between mononeuropaty [CTS] and fasting blood sugar. Type 2 diabetes mellitus causes high prevalence of neuropathy [peripheral neuropathy and mono neuropathy] which is not related to duration of diabetes, retinopathy, nephropathy, age and underlying disease. We concluded that early diagnosis of disease could be done by educating of people and this can lead to a decrease in complications of diabetes

Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, A case report

Thoracic outlet syndrome [TOS] describes a number of disorders attributed to compromise of blood vessels and/or nerves at any of several points between the base of the neck and the axillla. Compromise of brachial plexus causes true [classic] TOS that is very rare. The patient was a 52-year-old man, who came with pain, weakness and numbness of left forearm and hand. In physical examination there was severe atrophy of thenar, moderate to severe atrophy of other interossei, decreased sensation of medial of forearm and hand. Cervical spine radiographs revealed cervical rib below seventh vertebra. In electrodiagnostic study of left upper limb there were absent compound muscle action potential of median nerve and sensory action potential of medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve and prolonged latency of F wave of hypothenar. In EMG there were polyphasicity, decreased recruitment of C8 and T1 roots innervated muscles. Surgery was recommended for progression of muscle atrophy and reduction of pain and numbness