RESUMEN
Context: Trauma has been an important public health problem worldwide. Facial injuries are among the most common types of trauma treated at emergency departments, associated or not with injuries in other anatomic sites. The patterns of facial fractures are usually affected by geography and socioeconomic conditions. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of facial fractures in Lages, state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, from September 2003 to August 2008. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective, epidemiological study. Materials and Methods: Data on patients' gender, age, etiological agent, and facial region affected by fracture were collected from the charts of patients treated with facial fractures. Statistical Analysis Used: Qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies, and quantitative variables as means and standard deviation. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between gender, traffic accidents and facial region affected. The association between etiological agents and facial region affected was assessed using the chi-square test and the adjusted residuals analysis. Results: 492 patients presented with oral and maxillofacial trauma, with 988 facial fractures; 80.9% of the patients were men, and the most frequent age group was 21-30 years (29.5%). The most frequent causes of fractures were: Traffic accidents in 27.9%, physical assault in 14.9%, and bicycle falls in 10.5%; several other causes scored below 10%. Conclusion: Regular publication of epidemiological data is extremely important for the implementation of prevention campaigns and for an increased awareness of the etiology of fractures affecting the face and other anatomic sites.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Tránsito/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ciclismo/lesiones , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Epidemiológicos , Huesos Faciales/lesiones , Femenino , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Fracturas Mandibulares/epidemiología , Fracturas Maxilares/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hueso Nasal/lesiones , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Características de la Residencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estaciones del Año , Factores Sexuales , Fracturas Craneales/epidemiología , Violencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven , Fracturas Cigomáticas/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Relataremos um caso de carcinoma epidermóide metastático em glândula submandibular. Paciente, leucoderna, aposentado, 72 anos, apresentava aumento de volume, em regiäo submandibular. A história médica do paciente constava de uma cirurgia de biópsia de lábio inferior, lado esquerdo. Buscamos o resultado histopatológico (de 4 anos atrás) desta lesäo e constatamos o diagnóstico de carcinoma epidermóide, moderadamente diferenciado para um fragmento e bem diferenciado para o outro. Solicitamos tomografia computadorizada da regiäo submandibular e foi constatado grande aumento de volume da glândular submandibular esquerda (em torno de 6 cm de diâmetro), sem comprometimento de linfonodos. Após a excisäo cirúrgica total da glândula e o encaminhamento para o histopatológico, o diagnóstico foi de carcinoma epidermóide metastático grau II; esta metástase proveniente da regiäo primária, o lábio inferior. A raridade deste caso, além de o carcinoma epidermóide ser incomum em glândula submandibular, deve-se ao fato de que, geralmente, o carcinoma epidermóide de lábio inferior dá metástase para os linfonodos submentonianos, submandibulares e/ou cervicais profundos e, neste caso específico, a metástase ocorreu na glândula submandibular