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Aim To investigate the role of Nampt in regulating ERK1/2 in cardiac hypertrophy and its mechanisms. Methods The primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were stimulated by phenylephrine (PE) (100 μmol · L
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Objective To establish a species identification system based on DNA genetic markers for plant evidence. Methods Two hundred common plants in Shanghai were collected and identified by mor-phological characteristics. The primers of gene segments rbcL, matK, and ITS were designed and amplified. The PCR amplicon was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. After the sequencing, the universality and the identification capacity of the three markers were evaluated. Results The success rate of amplifi-cation was in order of rbcL (99.5％) >matK (92.5％) > ITS (86.0％). The identification capacity of the combination of rbcL and matK was better than that of rbcL or matK, by which most plant species could be identified to the genus or higher. ITS was not suitable to be a unique marker because of its unstable result, but it still could be a powerful supplement. The identification capacity of the combination of rbcL, matK and ITS was higher than that of rbcL and matK, by which most plant species could be identified to the genus or lower. Conclusion The identification system with the combination of rbcL, matK and ITS as markers has excellent universality for plant evidence, which can distinguish most plant species to the genus or lower.
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OBJECTIVE: To construct a reasonable licensed pharmacist qualifications access echanism. METHODS: In this paper, qualification of licensed pharmacists was analyzed by literature research and questionnaires. RESULTSAND CONCLUSION: Based on the CAS theory the functions of the eight adaptive subjects involved in the qualification of the licensed pharmacists were divided.8 major subjects include the following functions China Food and Drug Administration macro-control access environment; Ministry of Education certificate Universities of Pharmacy hardware and software; Ministry of Civil Affairs define the authority of the Association moderate; Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security examine the qualifications for examination; Association implement specific access procedures; Universities of Pharmacy assessment of academic and pracrical ability; Employer joint universities practice assessment; Medicine students served by other subjects. And finally establish a flow chart of China's access mechanism to form a set of complex adaptability of the practice of pharmacists access mechanism.