RESUMEN
Background: Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major health care problem of India. The real burden of diabetes is due to its associated complications which lead to increased morbidity and mortality. An accurate diagnosis of diabetes and level of glycaemic control in known diabetics is recommended for the treatment and prevention of complication in the population. Aims & Objective: To identify the pattern of glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus using glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) in Bareilly region, India. Material and Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in one of the tertiary care hospital of Bareilly district. The respondents were the 1000 type 2 diabetics of 35 to 60 years of age group. Glycosylated haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) was done in all subjects by ion exchange chromatography and results were categorized as normal, good, average and poor diabetes control. The statistical analysis was Analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS software. Results: Out of 1000 individuals, 120 had good, 469 had fair and 411 had poor glycaemic control on the basis of their HbA1C status. Age was similar for all 3 groups and was insignificantly related to glycaemic control (p-0.663). Out of 1000 individuals, 703(70.30%) had normal BMI while 297 (29.7%) were overweight. Conclusion: Measurement of glycosylated haemoglobin levels should be used in monitoring the treatment and long term glycaemic control of diabetes in a population and the assessment of body mass index should be done for the need of life style intervention in a population.
RESUMEN
Background: Periodontal disease and diabetes share a two way relationship because of common pathways of disease progression. Aims & Objective: Extensive study on various population worldwide were carried out but there is a limited data for Indian population, Hence, the present study was done to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus of Bareilly region of Uttar Pradesh (INDIA). Material and Methods: 1000 individuals of type 2 diabetes mellitus were categorized as good, average and poor glycaemic control on the basis of glycosylated hemoglobinA1C(HbA1C). Periodontal examination was done by recording oral hygiene index simplified, clinical attachment loss and gingival bleeding index. This periodontal result was correlated with glycaemic status and duration of diabetes since diagnosis. Results: Results showed a 91.7% prevalence of periodontitis, predominating with 41.3% cases of moderate periodontitis followed by 26.2% of severe and 24.2% of slight and 8.3% of gingivitis cases. In poor oral hygiene strata; the amount of severe periodontitis cases increased from 0% to 26.2% and up to 73.8%; as the glycaemic control deteriorated from good to average to poor. Similar results were reported for good and fair oral hygiene strata. Conclusion: Results of present study demonstrated that with worsening of glycaemic control, severity of periodontitis significantly increases even when examined for similar oral hygiene status.