RESUMEN
RESUMEN Evaluamos si la participación en programas de asistencia alimentaria (Comedores Populares y Vaso de Leche) se asocia a patrones de perfil lipídico en población peruana. Análisis secundario de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquímicos, Socioeconómicos y Culturales Relacionados con las Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas. Se estudió individuos ≥20 años seleccionados de cinco estratos geográficos del Perú. En cada estrato se seleccionó conglomerados por muestreo aleatorio. Se construyeron modelos de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para determinar la asociación entre los programas de asistencia alimentaria y el perfil lipídico (colesterol total (CT), HDL-colesterol (HDL-c), LDL-colesterol (LDL-c) y triglicéridos (TG)) de los participantes. De 4028 participantes, solo 123 (3,1%) reportaron ser beneficiarios del programa Comedores Populares y 827 (20,5%) del Vaso de Leche. En modelo multivariable, se encontró asociación entre ser beneficiario de los Comedores Populares y LDL-c elevado (razón de prevalencia (RP)= 2,33; IC95%:1,18-4,59); mientras que ser beneficiario del Vaso de Leche incrementó la probabilidad de tener HDL-c bajo (RP= 1,08; IC95%:1,02-1,14), pero redujo la de tener hipertrigliceridemia (RP= 0,70; IC95%:0,56-0,88). Ser beneficiario del programa Comedor Popular se asoció a presentar LDL-c elevado; mientras que, ser beneficiario del Vaso de Leche aumentó la probabilidad de presentar HDL-c bajo, pero redujo la probabilidad de presentar hipertrigliceridemia.
ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess whether the participation in food assistance programs (Community Kitchens and Glass of Milk) was associated with lipid profile patterns in the Peruvian population. We conducted a secondary data analysis using data from the National Survey of Nutritional, Biochemical, Socioeconomic, and Cultural indicators related to Chronic Degenerative Diseases. The sample included individuals aged ≥20 years, selected from five geographic strata in Peru. From each stratum a random sample of clusters was chosen. Different Poisson regression models with robust variance were built to determine the association between food assistance programs and participant lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c), LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides (TC)). Data from 4028 participants was analyzed, 123 (3.1%) reported being beneficiaries of the Community Kitchens program and 827 (20.5%) were beneficiaries of the Glass of Milk program. An association between being a beneficiary of Community Kitchens and increased LDL-c (Prevalence ratio (PR)= 2.33; 95% CI: 1.18-4.59) was found. Being a beneficiary of the Glass of Milk program increased the probability of having low HDL-c levels (PR= 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.14), but reduced the probability of hypertriglyceridemia (PR= 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56-0.88). Being a beneficiary of the Community Kitchen program was associated with increased LDL-c levels; while, being a beneficiary of the Glass of Milk increased the probability of low HDL-c, but reduced the probability of developing hypertriglyceridemia.