RESUMEN
Ageing is a complex process and a broad spectrum of physical, psychological, and social changes over time. Accompanying diseases and disabilities, which can interfere with cancer treatment and recovery, occur in old ages. MicroRNAs [miRNAs] are a set of small non-coding RNAs, which have considerable roles in post-transcriptional regulation at gene expression level. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge of miRNAs functions in ageing, with mainly focuses on malignancies and all underlying genetic, molecular and epigenetics mechanisms. The evidences indicated the complex and dynamic nature of miRNA-based linkage of ageing and cancer at genomics and epigenomics levels which might be generally crucial for understanding the mechanisms of age-related cancer and ageing. Recently in the field of cancer and ageing, scientists claimed that uric acid can be used to regulate reactive oxygen species [ROS], leading to cancer and ageing prevention; these findings highlight the role of miRNA-based inhibition of the SLC2A9 antioxidant pathway in cancer, as a novel way to kill malignant cells, while a patient is fighting with cancer
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Nowadays, cell -based and tissue engineered products have opened new horizons in treatment of incurable nervous system disorders. The number of studies on the role of Schwann cells [SC] in treating nervous disorders is higher than other cell types. Different protocols have been suggested for isolation and expansion of SC which most of them have used multiple growth factors, mitogens and fetal bovine sera [FBS] in culture medium. Because of potential hazards of animal-derived reagents, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of replacing FBS with human autologous serum [HAS] on SC's yield and culture parameters. Samples from 10 peripheral nerve biopsies were retrieved and processed under aseptic condition. The isolated cells cultured in FBS [1st group] or autologous serum [2nd group]. After primary culture the cells were seeded at 10000 cell/cm[2] in a 12 wells cell culture plate for each group. At 100% confluency, the cell culture parameters [count, viability, purity and culture duration] of 2 groups were compared using paired t-test. The average donors' age was 35.80 [SD=13.35] and except for 1 sample the others cultured successfully. In first group, the averages of cell purity, viability and culture duration were 97% [SD=1.32], 97/33% [SD=1.22] and 11.77 [SD=2.58] days respectively. This parameters were 97.33% [SD=1.00], 97.55% [SD=1.33] and 10.33 days [SD=1.65] in second group. The difference of cell count, purity and viability were not significant between 2 groups [P>0.05]. The cells of second group reached to 100% confluency in shorter period of time [P=0.03]. The results of this study showed that autologous serum can be a good substitute for FBS in human SC culture. This can reduce the costs and improve the safety of cell product for clinical application
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The gamma irradiation has been used for end sterilization of allograft bones and its effects with a 25 kGy dosage on the osteoinductive properties of demineralized bone allograft powder was studied. This work carried out using an experimental method in an animal model. In this study the demineralized bone allograft powder which had been sterilized and prepared with gamma irradiation in a 25 kGy dosage in 18 hours, was used as a study group and the demineralized bone allograft powder which had been prepared aseptically was used as the reference group. 30 mg of bone powder from each group were implanted into right and left paravertebral muscles of eighteen rats, separately. After four weeks, the implanted samples were harvested with a 0.5 cm border and then the osteoinductivity of implants in two groups were compared with histopathologic studies. In 94.4% of the reference samples a new bone formation was observed. In the study group, this difference was observed only in 27.7% of samples [P<0.002]. It appears that using gamma irradiation may lead to a reduction in osteoinduction properties of demineralized bone allograft powder
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Iranian Tissue Bank prepares a wide range of human tissue homografts such as; Heart valve, Bone, Skin, Amniotic membrane and other tissues for different clinical applications.The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HTLV in tissue donors from 2001 to 2006 in Iranian Tissue Bank/ Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 1548 tissue donors were studied during a 5-year period by ELISA assays. HTLV1,2 - antibodies were tested on all donors along with other tests upon American Association of Tissue Banks [AATB] standards. 25 [1.61%] out of 1548 tissue donors were HTLV positive. 17 donors were male and 8 donors were female. Female to male ratio was approximately 47%. Regarding the prevalence of HTLV among tissue donors and importance of cell and tissue safety and quality assurance, we recommend that all cell and tissue banks should be involved with serological and other complementary tests such as PCR [Polymerase Chain Reaction] for HTLV