RESUMEN
E-learning is there to enhance knowledge of patients and can provide an efficient way to enhance personnel-patient interaction and provide patient-specific education. So the aim of this study was to Compare the effect of two educational methods, E-learning [multimedia] and painted booklet on Primipar Women's Knowledge about neonatal care. This was a quasi-experimental study based on pre- and post- tests that were carried out on 100 primipar women in Isfahan during the years 2012-2013. Participants were divided into two groups of e-learning or painted booklet learning, randomly. Participants' knowledge scores were collected via a researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS version 11.5 was used to conduct statistical tests such as independent t-test and paired t-test for analyzing the data. The significance level was considered less than 0.05. Before training, the mean score of knowledge of the e-learning education group was 5.4 +/- 1.2 and 5.5 +/- 1.2 for the painted booklet group; the difference between mean scores was not significant. At the end of the study, this score was 9.54 +/- 1.1 for the e-learning group and 6.5 +/- 1.2 for the painted booklet group and the difference was statistically significant [P< 0.01]. Also increase in the rate of knowledge in the e-learning group and the painted booklet group was 56% and 30%, respectively. This study showed that passing the e-learning training course could better improve knowledge of mothers about neonatal care than the painted booklet. So, different aspects of e-learning, including computer literacy, infrastructure of telecommunications should be revisited
RESUMEN
There are situations in every woman's life that impressively affect her whole life. Pregnancy is one of those situations. Pregnancy period is usually accompanied with positive emotions for the women and their families. Sometimes depression during pregnancy disturbs daily activities, acceptance of new roles, pregnant woman´s life responsibilities and pregnancy consequences. The goal of this study was to investigate the association between depression during pregnancy and preterm labor consequences and some personal characteristics. This was a cohort study in which the data were collected through cross-sectional method. Primarily, 10 health care centers in Isfahan were randomly selected. The subjects included 378 pregnant women selected based on the number of the pregnant women under the coverage of each health center. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which was filled in two phases. The first phase was during pregnancy and included both personal characteristics and Beck Depression Inventory II and the second phase was after delivery and included the subjects' pregnancy age at the time of delivery. Content validity and Cranach's alpha were employed for validity and reliability of the questionnaires, respectively. Prevalence of depression in the population studied was 26.7%. The results showed that there were significant association between depression during pregnancy and preterm labor [p < 0.001], the education of pregnant women [p < 0.001] and their spouses' education [p = 0.001], the pregnant women's occupation [p = 0.04] and their spouses' occupation [p = 0.009]. There was no significant association between depression during pregnancy and the women' age of pregnancy. The findings of the study showed a relationship between depression during pregnancy and preterm labor. Therefore, mental health counselors and programmers are suggested to have some educational programs about psychiatric health for midwives and the personnel who provide health care services for pregnant women.
RESUMEN
Group cohesion indices are among important factors that influence human performance and behavior within groups. Group cohesion has also an important role in sports and physical exercise groups. Evidence indicates that sportive exercises during pregnancy have some positive effects, such as anxiety relief, heightened spirit and higher physical and psychological adaptation to pregnancy. The main purpose of this study was to compare group cohesion among pregnant women who participated in fitness classes. This descriptive-comparative study included 400 women in their second trimester of pregnancy in Isfahan, Iran. They filled a Group Environment Questionnaire [GEQ] with four subscales, including attraction to group task, attraction to social group, social group interplay and task group interplay. Physical exercises were performed in twelve 20-30 minutes sessions. Exercises in each session were comprised of side walking, swimming, rhythmic movements and light to medium aerobic exercises. Absenteeism and delays were recorded in each session. In the twelfth session, the GEQ was handed out to the participants and those whose scores were two standard deviations below or above the mean for the group were, respectively, classified into low or high absenteeism or delayed groups. The significance level in the inferential level was 0.05. The mean values for the four domains, i.e. attraction to social group [ATGS], attraction to group task [ATG-T], social group interplay [GI-S], and task group interplay [GI-I] for the group with low absenteeism were 34.7, 28.3, 17.3 and 25.9, respectively, and for the group with high absenteeism, respectively, were 27.3, 23.4, 16.9 and 24.7. Discriminant analysis showed significant differences between the low and high absenteeism groups in two domains: attraction to social group and attraction to group task [p<0.01]. The mean values for groups with low and high delays in the four domains of group cohesiveness [ATG-S, ATG-T, GI-S and GI-I] were 32.6, 22.7, 27.3 and 17.7 and 27.3, 23.1, 26.9 and 18.2, respectively. There was significant differences between the low and high-delay groups in attraction to social group [ATGS] [p<0.05]. Trying to make group physical exercises attractive and forming homogenous groups for the participating women could be a motivating factor for attending such classes with perseverance