Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking verification of the mechanism of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsule in the adjuvant treatment treatment of AIDS / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the molecular mechanism of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules in the adjuvant treatment of AIDS by network pharmacology method and molecular docking technology.Methods:The active components and targets of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules were obtained through TCMSP, and the AIDS-related targets were obtained through GeneCards, OMIM and DrugBank databases. The intersection target PPI network was constructed through STRING 11.5 database, and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used for network topology analysis; Metascape database was used for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of core targets; Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to construct Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules component-target-pathway network; Autodock Tools software was used to carry out molecular docking of core targets and active components.Results:Totally 31 active components and 180 targets of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules were screened out. TNF, IL6, AKT1, IL1B, TP53, VEGFA, RELA, EGFR and CASP3 were identified as the core targets. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 1 436 biological processes, 53 cellular components, and 117 molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis obtained 167 pathways, which were related to pathways in cancer, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and IL-17 signaling pathway was closely related. Molecular docking results showed that core targets such as AKT1 and TNF had good binding activity to quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin.Conclusion:The main active components of Zhenqi Fuzheng Capsules in the adjuvant treatment of AIDS are quercetin, kaempferol and luteolin, which may treat AIDS through the IL-17 signaling pathway.

Correlation between physical fitness and reading ability among school aged children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of schoolaged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children s reading ability.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening. At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50 meter run, sit forward bend, one minute skipping rope task, sit ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip.@*Results@#A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia. Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one minute skipping rope score, one minute sit up score, and sitting forward score ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys ( β =-3.04, P <0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability ( β =-1.68, -0.08, P <0.01). Children s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gender, parents education level, physical exercise intensity, and children s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school age children s reading ability. A positive correlation was found between children s physical health level and reading ability.

A mathematical model for quality evaluation of total saponins of Panax japonicas based on hypolipidemic activity / 中草药·英文版

Objective: The chemical finger printing-based methods for evaluating TCMs quality can report partial of TCMs quality without linking to effective constituents. In this study, a mathematical model was established for the quality evaluation of total saponins of Panax japonicus (TSPJ), a folk medicine in China and Japan for treating diseases, through coupling the dynamic changes of chemical constitutions with corresponding activities. Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints were applied to establish the chromatographic database of TSPJ. The associated hypolipidemic activity database was determined by TG assay using HepG2 cell model. Correlation analyses of two databases were performed by partial least squares (PLS) for calculating regression coefficients, and the interval value of YZL value (the ratio of positive and negative peak-to-peak area coefficient) closely related to hypolipidemic activity was refined by the formula of Norminv function to value the quality of TSPJ. Results: In this study, the chromatographic data of 16 common peaks were obtained from 20 batches of TSPJ. After the estimate by this mathematical evaluation model, seven peaks were positively correlated with hypolipidemic activity, and nine peaks were negatively correlated with hypolipidemic activity. When the YZL value was less than 0.7861, the quality of sample was inferior, while YZL value was more than 6.6992, and the quality of samples was superior. The quality of another ten batches of TSPJ was further assessed to verify this method. Conclusion: These results indicated that the established model could be usefully applied to evaluate the quality of TSPJ in the hypolipidemic activity.

A specific phenotype of interstitial lung disease—progressive pulmonary fibrosis / 中国医师杂志

The diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are difficult, due to the complicated classification and the unknown etiology. In the scope of ILD, in addition to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), there are some diseases still progressing after active treatment, the degree of fibrosis continues to aggravate, lung function continues to deteriorate and the early mortality rate rises. Their prognosis are similar to IPF. We collectively refer to these diseases with similar progression as progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD). PF-ILD is a new concept which was put forward in recent years. However, there is no clear consensus to guide the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. This review comprehensively elaborates the definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and future research directions of PF-ILD, which will help us better understand and manage PF-ILD in the future.

Effect of Wumeiwan on Intestinal Microflora, Inflammatory Factor and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Type 2 Diabetic Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To study the effects of Wumeiwan on blood glucose, intestinal microflora, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and dietary fiber fermented by intestinal microflora in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) rats. Method::Totally 80 SD clean rats were selected as experimental subjects, and 10 of them were randomly selected as the normal group. The remaining 70 rats were given high-sugar and high-fat emulsion for 8 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg·kg-1) to establish the rat model of T2DM. The fasting blood glucose higher than 11.10 mmol·L-1 was considered as a successful model. The rats that were not successfully modeled were removed, and the remaining rats that were successfully modeled were randomly divided into model group, metformin group, high-dose Wumeiwan group, medium-dose Wumeiwan group and low-dose Wumeiwan group, with 10 rats in each group. Normal group and model group received (ig) normal saline (20 mL·kg-1·d-1), while metformin group (ig metformin 200 mg·kg-1·d-1), Wumeiwan high, medium and low dose groups (ig Wumeiwan 20, 10, and 5 g·kg-1·d-1) received corresponding drugs respectively. Blood glucose and body weight of rats were monitored regularly before and after administration of the drugs. Blood and feces were collected after four weeks of administration.16S-rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used for gene sequencing of intestinal flora. Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-10 in rats, and the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in feces were detected by gas chromatography. Result::As compared with the normal group, the body weight decreased significantly (P<0.01). Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Clostridium increased, Firmicutes, Deltaproteobacteria, and Lactobacillus decreased, fasting blood glucose and serum TNF-α levels increased significantly (P<0.01), IL-10 level decreased (P<0.01), and the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid of short-chain fatty acids decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in model group. As compared with the model group, the body weight decreased; Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroides and Clostridium decreased. Firmicutes, DeltaProteobacteria and Lactobacillus increased; fasting blood glucose and serum TNF-α decreased (P<0.01), and IL-10 increased (P<0.01), contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid increased in Wumeiwan high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups and metformin group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion::Wumeiwan may prevent and treat T2DM by regulating intestinal flora, improving inflammatory response, increasing SCFAs content and reducing blood glucose.

Effect of subchronic combined oral exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose on levels of serum folate and vitamin B12 in young SD rats / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of subchronic combined oral exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose on levels of serum folate and vitamin B12 in young SD rats.@*METHODS@#At first, the physical and chemical properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, such as particle size, shape, crystal form and agglomeration degree in solution system, were characterized in detail. Eighty 4-week-old young SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (10 rats in each group, half male and half female). The rats were exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles through intragastric administration at 0, 2, 10 and 50 mg/kg body weight with or without 1.8 g/kg glucose daily for 90 days. At last, the concentrations of serum folate and vitamin B12 were detected.@*RESULTS@#Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were anatase crystals, closely spherical shape, with an average particle size of (24±5) nm. In male young rats, compared with the control group, the serum folate concentration was significantly increased when exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (10 mg/kg) and glucose. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). However, in female and male young rats, compared with glucose (1.8 g/kg) exposure group, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (50 mg/kg) and glucose significantly reduced the serum folate concentration. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Through statistical analysis of factorial design and calculation of interaction, obvious antagonistic effect was observed between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose on the serum folate concentration in the young female SD rats. The combined oral exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose had little effect on the concentration of serum vitamin B12 in the young SD rats, with no significant interaction between the two substances. It was only found that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (2 mg/kg) and glucose significantly increased the serum vitamin B12 concentration, compared with glucose (1.8 g/kg) exposure group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Subchronic combined oral exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose had an obvious antagonistic effect on serum folate concentrations in young SD rats.

Prognostic value of peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To explore the prognostic value of peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma,not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS).Methods The clinical data of 69 patients with PTCL-NOS treated in Tianjin Union Medical Center from January 2008 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The relationship between different levels of ALC and clinical characteristics,therapeutic efficacy and prognosis was analyzed.Results Among 69 patients,23 cases (33.3％) had low ALC (＜1.0×109/L),and 46 cases (66.7％) had high ALC (≥ 1.0×109/L).Compared with the high ALC group,the low ALC group showed the higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) and PTCL-NOS Prognostic Index (PIT) scores,advanced clinical stage and higher lactate dehydrogenase level (all P ＜ 0.05).The total efficacy rate in the low ALC group was lower than that in the high ALC group [56.5％ (13/23) vs.67.4％ (31/46)],but the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.784,P =0.376).The 3-year survival rate in the low ALC group was significantly lower than that in the high ALC group,and the difference was statistically significant (40.5％ vs.68.6％,x2 =7.846,P =0.010).Univariate analysis showed that the US Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score ≥ 2,IPI score ≥2,Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and ALC＜1.0×109/L were the poor prognostic factors (all P ＜ 0.05),while Cox multivariate analysis showed that the Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and ALC＜1.0×109/L were the independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with PTCL-NOS (P =0.008,P =0.029).Conclusion The decrease of peripheral blood ALC in patients with PTCL-NOS at the initial diagnosis suggests a poor prognosis,and ALC can be used as a new indicator for prognosis evaluation of PTCL-NOS patients.

Effect of Wendantang on PI3K,Akt and GSK3β of Hippocampus in Rats with Schizophrenia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To research the effect of Wendantang on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β) signaling pathway of hippocampus in rats with schizophrenia. Method: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided six groups:normal group (A), model group (B), Clozapine group (C), high-dosage group Wendantang (D), medium-dosage Wendantang group (E) and low-dosage Wendantang group (F), with 10 rats in each group. The rats of normal group and model group were given normal saline. The rats of Clozapine group were given 20 mg·kg-1 Clozapine. The rats of high-dosage, medium-dosage, low-dosage Wendantang groups were respectively given 40,20,10 g·kg-1 Wendantang, once a day, for 21 days.Two hours later after the last administration with Wendantang or saline,except for group A, groups B,C,D,E,F were intraperitoneally given MK-801 0.6 mg·kg-1 to establish the rat schizophrenia model. After modeling, the changes in stereotyped behavior of each group were observed and recorded. After three days,the rats were put to death,and the hippocampus tissue were tested. According to Sams Dodd and Hoffman's standard, the stereotyped behavior of rats was scored. The protein expressions of PI3K, Akt and GSK3β of hippocampus were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expressions of PI3K, Akt and GSK3β of hippocampus were tested by Real-time PCR. Result: Compared with A, the stereotyped behavior score of the B was significantly increased (Pβ protein and mRNA of hippocampus were significantly decreased (PPβ protein and PI3K, Akt and GSK3β mRNA of hippocampus (PPConclusion: Wendantang could regulate the PI3K/Akt/GSK3 signaling pathway by improving the stereotyped behavior and increasing the expressions of PI3K, Akt, GSK3β of hippocampus in rats with schizophrenia, so as to achieve the purpose of treating schizophrenia.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Danshen-chuanxiongqin Injection by Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish an analytical method of ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) for identification and quantitation of the multi-constituents of Danshen-chuanxiongqin injection. METHODS: The method of UHPLC-HRMS was developed to identify the complex chemical composition and full ms scan mode was used to determine the main active ingredients precisely, then the means of principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensively assess the quality of Danshen-chuanxiongqin injection. RESULTS: A total of 23 chemical constituents were identified in Danshen-chuanxiongqin injection, 14 of which were unambiguously identified by comparing with chemical standards, and seven major compounds, ligustrazine, danshensu, salvianolic acid A, succinic acid, rosmarinic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, in Danshen-chuanxiongqin Injection were determined accurately. The analysis by multivariate data processing software SIMCA 14.0 indicated that the quality of most batches of samples were stable except ligustrazine, danshensu, and salvianolic acid A which were a bit unstable in some individual batches, and it was essential to monitor the content of salvianolic acid A to control the drug quality. CONCLUSION: The established HPLC-TOF-MS/MS method has the properties of rapid identification, high specificity, simpliness, and feasibility, which can be used as a better means for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of danshen-chuanxiongqin injection. Moreover, it lays the ground for quality control of the drug and provides data reference for the rational use in clinic.

Current status of secondary prevention medication usage and their relation with on-treatment platelet reactivity / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To observe the current status of secondary prevention medication usage and their relation with on-treatment platelet reactivity in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome(ACS) treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. Methods A total of 176 patients hospitalized from 2014 to 2015 due to ACS in the Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled and on-treatment platelet reactivity was tested by thromboelastography(TEG)and CYP2C19*2,*3 and*17 alleles were analysed. Details of secondary prevention medication and patients' clinical characteristics were recorded. The relation of secondary prevention medication and on-treatment platelet reactivity was analyzed by multi-logistic regression after adjusting for CYP2C19 alleles and clinical characteristics covariates.Results A 94.89% of patients was treated with statins while 80.68% with beta blocker. The platelet inhibition rate were (45.33±28.78)% and the high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) rate tested by TEG was 37.50%. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, usage of β-blockers during hospitalization as well as phenotypes of CYP2C19*2,*3 and *17,clinical presentation with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and the length of stents were associated with HTPR defi ned by TEG. The percentage of HTPR rate was signifi cantly lower in patients treated with than those without β-blockers (72.73% vs. 85.45%,OR 0.18,95%CI 0.06-0.53,P=0.002)after adjusting genetic factors and other covariates.Conclusions There was a signifi cant correlation between beta blockers usage and high clopidogrel on-treatment platelet reactivity.

Origin and characteristics of c-kit+ cellsand their differentiation towards cardiovascular cells / 基础医学与临床

c-kit+ cells are mainly derived from bone marrow and cardiac tissue.The cells include various subpopulations.Recent studies have shown that c-kit+ cells are a kind of ideal cells of transplantation therapy for myocardial infarction.However,there is a great debate on the differentiation efficiency of c-kit+ cells towards cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the potential of c-kit+ cell differentiation and explore the effects of different developmental stages and microenvironments on differentiation of c-kit+ cells again.These studies could be significant for increasing efficiency of c-kit+ cell transplantation in repairing the infarcted myocardium.

Synthesis and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of novel O-vinyl diazeniumdiolate-based nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of oleanolic acid / 中国天然药物

Considering that high levels of nitric oxide (NO) exert anti-cancer effect and the derivatives of oleanolic acid (OA) have shown potent anti-cancer activity, new O-vinyl diazeniumdiolate-based NO releasing derivatives (5a-l, 11a-l) of OA were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated in the present study. These derivatives could release different amounts of NO in liver cells. Among them, 5d, 5i, 5j, 11g, 11h, and 11j released more NO in SMMC-7721 cells and displayed stronger proliferative inhibition against SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells than OA and other tested compounds. The most active compound 5j showed almost 20-fold better solubility than OA in aqueous solution, released larger amounts of NO in liver cancer cells than that in normal ones, and exhibited potent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity but little effect on the normal liver cells. The inhibitory activity against the cancer cells was significantly diminished upon addition of an NO scavenger, suggesting that NO may contribute, at least in part, to the activity of 5j.

Congenital cleft hand cleft foot deformities related research / 安徽医科大学学报

Through a congenital cleft hand cleft foot line analysis of clinical manifestations, the mode of inherit-ance, clinical type of 15 patients. It was found that the pedigrees of congenital foot deformity in patients with cleft hand cleft hand split foot crack were typical, and non-syndromic. The disease presents the typical pedigree body autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, clinical manifestations of the great differences between patients, the pres-ence of significant genetic heterogeneity.

Predictive value of HBsAg quantification in pegylated interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis B / 临床肝胆病杂志

Antiviral therapy is the most important thing in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) has both antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, and after drug withdrawal, 30%-40% of patients can achieve HBeAg seroconversion and sustained virologic response. Many studies have shown that HBsAg quantification can be used as an index to predict the anti-HBV effect of PEG-IFN and sustained immune control after drug withdrawal. This article reviews the relationship between HBsAg levels before, during, and after PEG-IFN therapy and antiviral effect to clarify the significance of HBsAg quantification in the PEG-IFN treatment of CHB and to guide the regimen of antiviral therapy.

Qiangzhi decoction protects mice from influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the preventive effects of Qiangzhi Decoction (, QZD) on influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into the virus control, the Tamiflu control and the QZD high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Mice were infected intranasally with influenza virus (H1N1) at 10 median lethal dose (LD50). QZD and Tamiflu were administered intragastrically twice daily from day 0 to day 7 after infection. The virus control group was treated with distilled water alone under the same condition. The number of surviving mice was recorded daily for 14 days after viral infection. The histological damage and viral replication and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were monitored. Additionally, the suppression capacity on the secretion of regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in epithelial and macrophage cell-lines were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the virus control group, the survival rate of the QZD groups significantly improved in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), the viral titers in lung tissue was inhibited (P<0.05), and the production of inflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were suppressed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the secretion of RANTETS and TNF-α by epithelial and macrophage cell-lines was inhibited with the treatment of QZD respectively in vitro (p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: The preventive effects of QZD on influenza virus infection might be due to its unique cytokine inhibition mechanism. QZD may have significant therapeutic potential in combination with antiviral drugs.</p>

Effect of Cutaneous Never Anastomosis on Sensory Reconstruction in Free Anterolateral Femoral Flap Repairing Wide Spreadly Dorsal Hand Soft Tissue Defect / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the effect of cutaneous never anastomosis on sensory recovery in repairing wide spreadly soft tissue defects in dorsal hand with free anterolateral femoral flap. Methods The cases with wide spreadly soft tissue defects in dorsal hand repaired with free anterolateral femoral flap from January 2006 to December 2012 were divided into 2 groups. The control group including 15 consecutive patients from January 2006 to January 2009, whose sensation was reconstructed in routine way. Other 15 consecutive patients from Febnary 2009 to December 2012 were as research group, whose sensation was reconstructed with the suture of cutaneous nevers of anterolateral femoral flaps and forearm. All the patients were followed up for 12~24 months. Results All the free flaps survived in both groups. There were 4 cases good of sensory recovery in the control group, and it was 11 in the research group. No ulceration happened. Conclusion Cutaneous never anastomosis may result in satisfactory sensory function in the patients with wide spreadly soft tissue descts in dorsal hand repaired with free anterolateral femoral flap.

Relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to explore the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB): and interleukin-6 (IL-6): in mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods: Mice were divided into vacuity contrast group, normal diet group and high fat diet group. After feeding for 15 weeks, diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 45mg/kg): was weekly administrated by intraperitoneal injection into mice in both normal diet and high fat diet groups to gradually establish a model of HCC. The mice in blank control group were not treated with any drugs through the whole experiment. Livers and serum were individually collected from five mice in normal diet and high fat diet groups, respectively, and three mice in the blank control group in week 15, 20, 25 and 30. All the remaining mice were executed in week 36, and serum and liver pathologic gross were collected. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed with HE staining. The differences in hepatocarcinogenesis among three groups were also analyzed. The levels of serum triglyceride (TC), cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT): and aspartate aminotransferase (AST): were detected. The levels of serum NF-KB and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA. Results: Animal models of NAFLD were successfully established after 15 weeks of high-fat diet feeding. In the week 36, no mice in the blank control group developed HCC. Eight of 20 (40.0%): mice in normal diet group developed HCC. Thirteen of 18 (83.3%): mice in high fat diet group developed HCC. The levels of serum NF-KB and IL-6 in high fat diet group were significantly higher than those in the normal diet group in each period during study (all P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that NAFLD can promote hepatocarcinogenesis in the presence of DEN. The abnormal levels of NF-KB and IL-6 play important roles during the development of HCC.

Relationship between metastasis or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus DNA or double mutation at 1762/1764 in the basic core promoter / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between metastasis or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA load or the presence of double mutation at 1762/1764 in the basic core promoter (BCP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One-hundred-and-fifty-seven patients with HCC were included in the study. Events of tumor metastasis or recurrence were recorded during 120 weeks of clinical follow-up after treatment by surgery or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The 1-year follow-up included monthly alpha fetoprotein (AFP) measurement and abdominal ultrasonography (US), as well as helical computed tomographic (CT) scan performed every 3 months. Follow-up beyond 1-year (surveillance) included AFP measurement and abdominal US every 2 months and helical CT scan every 6 months. Suspected metastasis or recurrence was investigated by hepatic angiography and confirmed according to the combined imaging findings. Serum HBV DNA level was measured by real-time PCR. HBV genotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 157 HCC cases 110 experienced tumor metastasis or recurrence; the cumulative probability of post-treatment HCC metastasis or recurrence was 4 (2.55%) at week 12, 14 (8.92%) at week 24, 28 (17.83%) at week 48, 64 (40.76%) at week 72, 92 (58.60%) at week 96, and 110 (70.06%) at week 120. Multivariate analysis indicated that both the BCP 1762/1764 double mutations and HBV DNA levels were risk factors for HCC recurrence or metastasis. In particular, the incidence of HCC recurrence or metastasis increased with baseline serum HBV DNA levels in a dose-response manner, ranging from 8/19 (42.1%) for less than 3 log10 copies/ml HBV DNA to 35/61 (57.3%) for 3-5 log10 copies/ml and 67/77 (87.0%) for more than 5 log10 copies/ml. After adjusting for potential confounders, serum HBV DNA level remained independently associated with HCC metastasis or recurrence. HCC recurrence or metastasis occurred in 22/43 (51.2%) of patients without BCP 1762/1764 mutations and 88/114 (77.2%) of patients with BCP 1762/1764 mutations. The adjusted odds ratio for patients infected with BCP 1762/1764 double mutation HBV, compared with those infected with non-BCP 1762/1764 mutation HBV, was 5.264 (95% CI: 1.436-12.574, P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Infection with HBV carrying the BCP 1762/1764 double mutation and presence of high HBV DNA load are independent risk factors for developing HCC metastasis or recurrence after surgery or TACE.</p>

The role of interleukin-6 in incisional pain in the rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its role in incisional pain in the rat model.Methods Incisional pain rat model was established by a longitudinal incision in right plantar hind paw of isoflurane-anesthetized rats.Spinal cords were removed at various postoperative times (1,6,24,72 h).The gene expression of IL-6 in the spinal cord was determined by a Real-time PCR.Immunohistochemistry and double-labeling immunofluorescence were performed to determine the expression of IL-6 after incision.Intrathecal injection of IL-6 antibodies was performed to modulate the spinal IL-6 after surgical incision,and the mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed by paw withdrawal thresholds from mechanical stimuli of von Frey filaments.Results After hind-paw incision,the IL-6 mRNA level was upregulated in the ipsilatcral lumbar spinal cord.The immunoreactivity of IL-6 in spinal cord was increased after hind-paw incision at 6 hours after incision.The upregulated spinal IL-6 was mainly localized in the neurons and endothelial cells.Intrathecal injection of IL-6 antibodies dramatically inhibited the surgical incision that evoked pain hypersensitivity.Conclusions The present study showed that the upregulated IL-6 in the spinal cord contributed to the pain hypersensitivity after surgical incision,inhibiting the upregulated IL-6 in the spinal cord may be a possible new therapeutic target for the treatment of postoperative pain.

Effects of treadmill training on noradrenaline fibers and the recovery of hindlimb motor function in rats after spinal cord contusion / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the effects of treadmill training on hindlimb motor recovery and noradrenaline (NA) fibers in rats with spinal cord contusion.MethodsSpinal cord contusions at the T10 level were induced in 3-month old female SD rats by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm.The injured rats were then randomly divided into a control group and a treadmill training group ( n =15 in each group).Treadmill training began 1 week post-injury.No treatment was administered to the control group rats.Hindlimb motor function was evaluated weekly from the 1 st to the 9th week post-injury using Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores and average combined scores (ACOs).The expression of dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) in the spinal cord caudal to the injured area was detected by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsThe treadmill training group exhibited significantly greater improvement in BBB scores from the 3rd week to the 7th week and in ACOs from the 2nd to the 9th week post-injury compared with the control group.The number of DBH positive fibers in the injured spinal cords and the number of DBH positive neurons in the injured frontal horns were also significantly higher in the training group.ConclusionsTreadmill training can promote the recovery of hindlimb motor function in rats after spinal cord contusion,perhaps by increasing the number of DBH positive fibers and DBH positive neurons.