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Objective:To construct the post competency index system of the standardized training of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)residents, and to provide reference for the curriculum design of TCM residents′ standardized training.Methods:Based on the analysis of relevant literature, 22 experts engaged in clinical, teaching or administrative management of TCM residential training were consulted by Delphi method from August to December 2019, and the evaluation indexes were screened and the importance was assigned. Then, analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight of each index. In January 2020, the index system was tested by questionnaire survey.Results:The competency evaluation index system of TCM residents was composed of 7 first-level indexes and 61 second-level indexes. The first-level indexes included occupational values and professionalism(weight: 0.208 2), clinical skills(weight: 0.208 2), mastery and application of medical knowledge and related knowledge(weight: 0.208 2), communication skills(weight: 0.198 4), management and teamwork ability(weight: 0.114 1), critical thinking and learning research ability(weight: 0.033 4), group health and health systems(weight: 0.029 5). The total Cronbach α coefficient of the self-evaluation questionnaire designed according to the evaluation index system was 0.976. The results of KMO test and Bartlett spherical test respectively were 0.954 and 0.000, indicating that the questionnaire had high reliability and validity, and the evaluation index system could reflect the post competency level of TCM residents. Conclusions:The index system of TCM resident competency is highly reliable. TCM resident training should strengthen the cultivation of TCM clinical thinking, and urgently need to supplement the content of medical humanities education.
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The policy of“licensed doctors'multi-site clinical practice” aims to provide patients with a better access to quali-ty medical and health resources.Patient's understanding and support indicates the executive condition of the implementation of the pol-icy and it can also promote the implementation of the policy to a certain extant .In this study , the questionnaire survey and statistical tools were used to investigate the differences in their attitudes to the policy .
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Analysis of patient satisfaction , as the supplement and improvement of the traditional medical quality assessment , has great significance for improving the quality of medical services , reducing the medical disputes and building a harmonious doctor -patient relationship .Based on the connotation of patient satisfaction , the patient satisfaction theory at home and abroad were introduced , providing a guide meaning for establishing a rational evalua-tion system and scientifically managing hospital service .
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M2 protein of influenza A virus is encoded by a spliced mRNA derived from RNA segment 7 and plays an important role in influenza virus replication. It is also a target molecule of anti-virus drugs. We extracted the viral genome RNAs from MDCK cells infected with swine influenza A virus (SIV) H3N2 subtype and amplified the SIV M2 gene by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using the isloated viral genome RNAs as template. The amplified cDNA was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+) (designated pET-28a(+)-M2) and a eukaryotic expression vector p3xFLAG-CMV-7.1 (designated p3xFLAG-CMV-7.1-M2), respectively. The resulted constructs were confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing analysis. We then transformed the plasmid pET-28a(+)-M2 into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain and expressed it by adding 1 mmol/L of IPTG (isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside). The recombinant M2 protein was purified from the induced bacterial cells using Ni(2+) affinity chromatography. Wistar rats were immunized with the purified M2 protein for producing polyclonal antibodies specific for it. Western blotting analysis and immunofluorescence analysis showed that the produced antibodies were capable of reacting with M2 protein expressed in p3xFLAG-CMV-7.1-M2-transfected cells as well as that synthesized in SIV-infected cells. We also transfected plasmid p3xFLAG-CMV-7.1-M2 into Vero cells and analyzed its subcellular localization by immunofluorescence. The M2 protein expressed in the Vero cells was 20 kDa in size and dominantly localized in the cytoplasm, showing a similar distribution to that in SIV-infected cells. Western blotting analysis of SIV-infected cells suggested that M2 was a late phase protein, which was detectable 12 h post-infection, later than NS1, NP and M1 proteins. It would be a potential molecular indicator of late phases replication of virus. Our results would be useful for studying the biological function of M2 protein in SIV replication.
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Animales , Ratas , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Chlorocebus aethiops , Clonación Molecular , Escherichia coli , Genética , Metabolismo , Subtipo H3N2 del Virus de la Influenza A , Genética , ARN , Genética , Ratas Wistar , Proteínas Recombinantes , Genética , Alergia e Inmunología , Porcinos , Transfección , Células Vero , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral , Genética , Replicación Viral , GenéticaRESUMEN
We have modified the horizontal glotiectomy designed by Claearo. 18 patients suffering from the cancer of bilateral vocal cords were treated by our modified surgical procedure in 1983 to l990.Of 18 patients, 17 had glottic cancer: 10 in T1bN0 M0, 4 in T2N()M0 and 3 in T3N0M0; patient had T3N0M0 of infra-glottic cancer .The function of phonation, deglutition and respiration of the larynx restored quickly after operation. The voice is satisfactory. The nasogastric tube was left ir place for several days after operation. The cannula were removed in all patients.One patient died of non-specific encephalitis in 4th year postoperatively. Other 17 patients are still alive after operation. 1 patient has been followed up for 7 years, 4 for 5 years, 2 for 4 years, 3 for 3 years, 5 for 2 years, 3 for less than 2 years. They were doing well after operation and now have engaged themselves in physical labour or professional work
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Analyses of correlations between the measured values of the foramen ovale of dry skulls and those of roentgenographic skull base films of the corresponding specimens were carried out in 99 male adult skulls collected from the vicinity of Shanghai. The items in our studies included the length and width of the foramen ovale, the angle between the longitudinal diameter and the sagittal plane running through the intermaxillary suture, the distance from the foramen ovale to the foramen spinosum and that to the sagittal plane, and the distance from the foramen spinosum to the sagittal plane.Significant correlations(P
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Serum concentrations of sialic acid, fucose, prealbumin(PA ), ?1-antitrypsin (?1-AT), ?1-acid glycoproteins(?1-AGP), haptoglobin (HP) and transferrin (TF) were measured in 94 nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 65 cancer of larynx. Statistical evalution was made with stepwise discriminant analysis, and the discriminant functions were obtained. The effectiveness of allocation were examined on every one of all patients in the original data, Our results suggested, with the discriminant function equation consisting of serum PA, ?1-AT, ?1-AGP, HP and TF concentrations we could best separate the patients sufferng from nasopharyngeal or laryngeal carcinoma from the normal; the effective rate of discriminant was 87.36% and 88% for nasopharyngeal carcinoma from normal and laryngeal carcin-oma from normal respectively. However using discriminant function equation,composed of serum sialic acid, PA and ?1-AT, we could also discriminate nasopharyngeal or laryngeal carcinoma with recurrence from the one with non-recurrence, the effective rate of discriminant was 93.1% and 80% for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and cancer of larynx respectively