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Objective:To investigate the expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinicopathological data of 106 DLBCL patients with detailed follow-up data in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 30 cases (28%) of germinal center B cell-1ike (GCB) and 76 cases (72%) of non-GCB; and 11 cases of reactive lymph nodes were selected as the control group. EnVision method was used to detect the expressions of EZH2 and c-myc. The correlation of the expressions of EZH2 and c-myc proteins was analyzed, and the association of EZH2 protein with clinicopathological characteristics, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients was also analyzed.Results:The positive expression rates of EZH2 and c-myc proteins were 78.3% (83/106) and 48.1% (51/106), respectively, and neither was expressed in the control group. The positive expression rate of EZH2 protein in non-GCB was higher than that in GCB ( P < 0.01). The expression of EZH2 was correlated with clinical staging, serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level and international prognostic index (IPI) score (all P < 0.01). EZH2 expression was positively correlated with the c-myc protein expression in GCB ( r = 0.74, P < 0.001). Moreover, OS and PFS of EZH2 negative in DLBCL were better than those of EZH2 positive (all P < 0.001). Conclusions:EZH2 overexpression is correlated with advanced clinical staging, increased serum LDH level, high IPI score and non-GCB phenotype. The high expression of EZH2 may be related to the high expression of c-myc, suggesting the poor prognosis of patients with DLBCL.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of miRNA-618 (miR-618) on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of acute monocyte leukemia THP-1 cells.Methods:Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of miR-618 in THP-1 cells and monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of the healthy people. Overexpression of miR-618 plasimid vector was constructed and empty vector was treated as the negative control; and then the two vectors were transfected with THP-1 cells; finally, miR-618 overexpression group and negative control group were set. THP-1 cell proliferation and apoptosis of both groups were detected by using CCK-8 method and flow cytometry, respectively. TargetScan was used to predict the target gene of miR-618 and it was verified by using luciferase reporter assay.Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of THP-1 cells in miR-618 overexpression group and negative control group, and predicted miR-618 target gene in peripheral blood monocytes of the healthy people.Results:PCR showed that the expression level of miR-618 was lower in THP-1 cells compared with that in monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of the healthy people ( P < 0.05). CCK-8 assay showed that compared with the negative control group, the proliferation ability of THP-1 cells in miR-618 overexpression group was decreased (the absorbance values at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after transfection: 0.20±0.03 vs. 0.20±0.03, 0.28±0.02 vs. 0.35±0.03, 0.34±0.03 vs. 0.43±0.04, 0.39±0.02 vs. 0.53±0.05, all P < 0.05), and the late apoptosis rate was increased [(27.1±0.1)% vs. (14.9±0.1)%, t=2.13, P=0.03]. The target gene of miR-618 was ARPP19 predicted by using TargetScan software. Luciferase reporter assay showed that the relative luciferase activity of THP-1 cells in group transfected with wild-type ARPP19 gene plasmid+miR-618 gene plasmid was higher than that in the blank control group and group transfected with wild-type ARPP19 gene plasmid+miR-618 empty vector (0.170±0.003 vs. 0.100±0.004, 0.100±0.001, all P < 0.05). Western blot indicated the expression level of ARPP19 protein in THP-1 cells of miR-618 overexpression group was lower than that of the negative control group, while the expression levels of ARPP19 protein of peripheral blood monocytes of the healthy people in both groups were similar. Conclusion:miR-618 can inhibit the cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of THP-1 cells by inhibiting the expression of of THP-1 cells ARPP19 in acute monocyte leukemia.
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Objective:To investigate the ultrasound image and pathological features of invasive fibromatosis, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis of invasive fibromatosis.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 22 patients pathologically diagnosed with invasive fibromatosis from January 2016 to March 2019 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical, ultrasound and pathological data were also summarized.Results:Ultrasound images of invasive fibromatosis showed irregular morphology, unclear boundaries, uneven echo, spot-like or strip-shaped blood flow signals. The coincidence rate of ultrasound diagnosis was 59.1% (13/22), 3 cases were misdiagnosed as fibrous, fat and other sarcomas, 4 cases were misdiagnosed as nerve-derived tumors, 1 case was misdiagnosed as nodular fasciitis, and 1 case was misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor. The pathological characteristics of invasive fibromatosis were more typical, and the positive expression rate of vimentin and β-catenin in immunohistochemistry was 100.0% (22/22); the coincidence rate of preoperative pathological diagnosis of puncture was 78.6% (11/14), 1 case was misdiagnosed as nerve fiber tumor, 1 case was misdiagnosed as low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, and 1 case was misdiagnosed as nodular fasciitis.Conclusion:Invasive fibromatosis has a certain specificity in ultrasound and pathological diagnosis, which can be diagnosed and differentially diagnosed according to the ultrasound image and pathological characteristics.
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With the progress of RNA research techniques, researchers found some different expressions of circular RNA in gastric cancer patients. They have important biological functions that can serve as a "sponge" adsorpting small RNA, can regulate process of alternative splicing and transcription, and can combined with proteins involved in regulating gene expression and mediating the function of protein. A fraction of circular RNA can encode proteins. The circular RNA plays an important regulatory role in tumor cells proliferation, apoptosis, and cycle, but research in gastric cancer is still in infancy. This article reviews the significance, features, biological functions and the role of circular RNA in gastric cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the expression of INPP4B in gastric cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.@*Methods@#The expressions of INPP4B mRNA in fresh cancer tissues of 36 patients with gastric cancer and the paracancerous normal gastric mucosa tissues in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between July 2014 and December 2014 were detected by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expressions of INPP4B protein and its downstream molecule phosphorylation AKT (p-AKT) in paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and the corresponding margin tissues of 49 gastric cancer patients between January 2010 and December 2010 were detected by using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the expression of INPP4B and clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.@*Results@#RT-qPCR results showed that the expression level of INPP4B mRNA was 0.21±0.04 compared with adjacent cancer normal tissues (t = -2.208, P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that INPP4B protein was highly expressed in normal margin tissues and lowly expressed in tumor tissues. There was a statistical difference in the positive intensity score between the two groups (u = 4.70, P < 0.01). However, p-AKT protein was overexpressed in tumor tissues and underexpressed in normal margin tissues. There was a statistical difference in the positive intensity score between the two groups (u = 5.77, P < 0.01). The expression of INPP4B and p-AKT protein was negatively correlated (r = -0.644, P < 0.01). The positive expression rate of INPP4B protein in gastric cancer patients was 34.7% (17/49). There were no statistical differences of the positive expression rate of INPP4B protein in gender, age, pathological type, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (all P > 0.05). The median overall survival time of patients with INPP4B negative expression was 47 months, and that of patients with INPP4B positive expression was 48 months, and there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05).@*Conclusion@#The expression of INPP4B in gastric cancer tissue is low, which may play a role of tumor suppressor in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer by affecting the activity of AKT.
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Objective To investigate the expression of INPP4B in gastric cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods The expressions of INPP4B mRNA in fresh cancer tissues of 36 patients with gastric cancer and the paracancerous normal gastric mucosa tissues in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between July 2014 and December 2014 were detected by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expressions of INPP4B protein and its downstream molecule phosphorylation AKT (p-AKT) in paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and the corresponding margin tissues of 49 gastric cancer patients between January 2010 and December 2010 were detected by using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the expression of INPP4B and clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed. Results RT-qPCR results showed that the expression level of INPP4B mRNA was 0.21 ±0.04 compared with adjacent cancer normal tissues (t= -2.208, P< 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that INPP4B protein was highly expressed in normal margin tissues and lowly expressed in tumor tissues. There was a statistical difference in the positive intensity score between the two groups (u=4.70, P<0.01). However, p-AKT protein was overexpressed in tumor tissues and underexpressed in normal margin tissues. There was a statistical difference in the positive intensity score between the two groups (u=5.77, P<0.01). The expression of INPP4B and p-AKT protein was negatively correlated (r= -0.644, P< 0.01). The positive expression rate of INPP4B protein in gastric cancer patients was 34.7％ (17/49). There were no statistical differences of the positive expression rate of INPP4B protein in gender, age, pathological type, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (all P > 0.05). The median overall survival time of patients with INPP4B negative expression was 47 months, and that of patients with INPP4B positive expression was 48 months, and there was no statistical difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion The expression of INPP4B in gastric cancer tissue is low, which may play a role of tumor suppressor in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer by affecting the activity of AKT.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2 and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and their correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods A total of 68 paraffin-embedded specimens of DLBCL patients diagnosed in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital with detailed follow-up record from January 2010 to December 2012 were included in the study. The expressions of PD-L1, PD-L2 and p-AKT proteins in DLBCL were detected by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results The positive rate of PD-L1 protein in DLBCL patients was 22.1％ (15/68), which was related to germinal center B-cell (GCB) subtype or not (χ2= 5.591, P= 0.018), clinical stage (χ2= 3.969, P= 0.046), international prognostic index (IPI) grades (χ2=4.178, P=0.041) and treatment remission rate (χ2=6.587, P=0.010). The positive rate of PD-L2 protein in DLBCL patients was 14.7％ (10/68), which was related to extranodal metastasis or not (χ2=6.772, P= 0.009). The positive rate of p-AKT for DLBCL patients was 61.8％ (42/68), which was correlated with age (≥60 years old) or not (χ2=6.227, P=0.013), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grades (χ2=4.005, P=0.045), B symptoms (χ2=10.187, P=0.001) and treatment remission rate (χ2=4.096, P=0.043). Univariate survival analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) rate and progression free survival (PFS) rate of PD-L1 protein positive expression group were lower than those of PD-L1 protein negative expression group (both P< 0.05). In the patients with non-GCB subtype, OS rate and PFS rate of PD-L1 protein positive expression group were lower than those of PD-L1 protein negative expression group (both P<0.05). p-AKT protein positive expression group had poorer OS rate and PFS rate compared to p-AKT negative expression group (both P< 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that PD-L1 protein expression was correlated with PD-L2 and p-AKT proteins expressions (r= 0.380, P= 0.001;r= 0.273, P= 0.025). The prognosis was worse when p-AKT and PD-L1 proteins was co-expressed (P< 0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested high expressions of PD-L1 and p-AKT proteins were independent prognosis risk factors in DLBCL (both P<0.05). Conclusions The expressions of PD-L1 and p-AKT proteins may be involved in the occurrence and development of DLBCL. Blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 access or combined blocking could provide a promising future for the clinical therapy.
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Objective@#To investigate the expression of B7H3 and B7H4 in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (T-LBL/ALL) in correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis.@*Methods@#Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of B7H3 and B7H4 protein in 100 cases of T-LBL/ALL(test group) and 30 cases of lymph node reactive hyperplasia (LH) (control group), diagnosed at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2001 to June 2017. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of B7H3 and B7H4 in 50 cases of T-LBL/ALL and 30 cases of LH (control group).@*Results@#There were 79 males,21 females. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression rates of B7H3 and B7H4 were 23%(23/100) and 54%(54/100), respectively. By real-time RT-PCR, the relative expression of B7H3 mRNA in the T-LBL/ALL group was 2.5 times of that of the LH group. The expression levels of B7H4 mRNA in T-LBL/ALL group and LH group were extremely low.Single factor analysis showed that B7H3 protein expression in T-LBL/ALL group was associated with B symptoms and primary nodal disease (P<0.05). B7H4 protein expression was associated with mediastinal broadening and bone marrow involvement (P<0.05). B7H3 protein, B7H3 mRNA, B7H4 protein expression and IPI score were associated with prognosis (P<0.05), and the combined expression of B7H3 and B7H4 was associated with T-LBL/ALL prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that overexpression of B7H3 mRNA was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with T-LBL/ALL (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Expression of B7H3 and B7H4 is closely corelated with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients with T-LBL/ALL, suggesting that B7H3 and B7H4 expression play an important role in the development of T-LBL/ALL.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),Vimentin and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 in human glioma and brain metastases and their relationship with clinicopathological features.Methods Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expression of GFAP,Vimentin and AE1/AE3 in 72 gliomas and 45 brain metastases in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from February 2013 to February 2015.The relationship between the expressions of three proteins and clinical features and pathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive rates of GFAP and Vimentin in glioma tissues were 72.2 ％ (52/72) and 73.6 ％ (53/72),respectively,which were higher than those in brain metastatic cancer tissues [13.3 ％ (6/45) and 17.8 ％ (8/45)],and the differences were statistically significant (x2 values were 54.8 and 34.6,both P ＜ 0.001),while the positive rate of AE1/AE3 in brain metastases was 88.9 ％ (40/45),which was higher than that in human glioma tissues (6.9 ％,5/72),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =82.2,P ＜ 0.001).The positive expression of GFAP was negatively correlated with tumor pathological grade (r =-0.57,P ＜ 0.05),while the positive expression of Vimentin was positively correlated with tumor pathological grade (r =0.62,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of GFAP in human glioma was positively correlated with Vimentin (r =0.754,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions GFAP,Vimentin and AE1/AE3 can be used as markers for the differential diagnosis of glioma and brain metastases,especially for patients with difficult histological diagnosis.Detection of GFAP and Vimentin can help to judge the degree of malignancy and prognosis of the tumors.
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Objective To explore the effect of chloroquine on death receptor 5 (DR5) expression of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells and cell proliferation and apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).Methods Huh7 cells were divided into four groups:the control group (1∶1 000 dimethyl sulfoxide),TRAIL group (50 μg/L),chloroquine group (10 μmol/L) and TRAIL +chloroquine group (TRAIL 50 μg/L + chloroquine 10 μmol/L).Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the proliferation activity of cells,immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of DR5,4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining was used to observe cell apoptosis and Western blot was used to detect the expression of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).Results TRAIL treatment could decrease Huh7 cells proliferation activity;when compared with the cell viability in the control group,the cell proliferation inhibition rate of chloroquine group,TRAIL group and TRAIL+ chloroquine group was (89±8) ％,(53±10) ％ and (27±7) ％,respectively;compared with TRAIL group alone,cell proliferation activity was decreased in TRAIL+ chloroquine group (t =3.922,P =0.017).The expression of DR5 was upregulated in chloroquine group,and the cell apoptosis signaling was activated in TRAIL + chloroquine group.The cell apoptosis rate of TRAIL group and TRAIL + chloroquine group was (10.0±2.3) ％ and (20.4±4.0) ％,respectively,and there was a statistical difference (t =3.894,P =0.018).Conclusion Chloroquine can enhance the cell chemosensitivity to TRAIL treatment by upregulating the expression of DR5 in Huh7 cells.
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Gastric cancer ranks the third mortality of tumors around the world. The major influencing factors include genetic factors, ionizing radiation, chemical carcinogens, helicobacter pylori, environment and diet, leading to over-expression of oncogene and down-regulation of tumor-suppressor gene and resulting in abnormal proliferation of cancer cells even cancer. With the in-depth research, it has shown that the cancer stem cell plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and it has indicated that the occurrence of gastric cancer may be associated with diseases related to stem cell. This paper reviews the characteristics, source, identification, separation methods, markers, and signal pathways of gastric cancer stem cells.
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Objective To detect C-met protein expression and gene amplification in lung adenocarcinoma, and to analyze their relationship with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance and prognosis. Methods A total of 120 cases of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2011 to May 2013 were selected. The expressions of C-met protein and C-met gene amplification were conducted by immunohistochemistry (IHC) method and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and all patients were followed up. The relationship between the expression of C-met protein and gene amplification with clinicopathological features and EGFR-TKI resistance and prognosis were analyzed. Results The high expression of C-met protein and gene amplification in 120 tissues were 17.5 ％ (21/120), 10.83 ％ (13/120). Of the 80 patients treated with EGFR-TKI, the incidence of C-met protein high expression was 30.43 ％ (14/46) in patients with drug resistance, which was significantly higher than that in patients without drug resistance (11.76 ％, 4/34), the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 3.908, P= 0.048). The rate of C-met gene amplification was 19.57 ％ (9/46) in patients with drug resistance,which was significantly higher than that in patients without drug resistance (2.94 ％, 1/34) the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.038). The expression of C-met protein in 46 patients with drug resistance was positively correlated with gene amplification (r= 0.388, P= 0.008), but in 40 patients without TKI, the expression of C-met protein was not correlated with gene amplification (r=0.279, P=0.081). The high expression of C-met protein was correlated with age, pathological grade and clinical stage (all P<0.05), while C-met gene amplification was related to clinical stage (P=0.036). Cox regression analysis suggested that C-met gene amplification was an independent prognostic factor (P= 0.034). Conclusions C-met protein expression and gene amplification are risk factors for EGFR-TKI resistance. C-met gene amplification suggests poor prognosis, and can be used as an independent factor for prognostic evaluation.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationship of PD-L1 protein expression and gene amplification in gastric cancer and their correlation with clinicopathologic factors.@*Methods@#The cohort included 247 gastric cancer specimens with follow-up data and clinicopathologic data obtained from Shanxi Cancer Hospital in 2011. PD-L1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).@*Results@#PD-L1 protein was expressed in 25.9% (64/247) of the tumor cells and 26.7% (66/247) of the tumor infiltrating immune cells (IC). There was a correlation between the two (P<0.01). The expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells correlated with the degree of differentiation and tumor diameter(P<0.05). The PD-L1 expression in IC correlated with vascular tumor thrombi(P<0.05). The amplification rate of PD-L1 gene detected by FISH was 19.0% (47/247), and was associated with age, large/small curvature of the stomach, tumor location, tumor diameter, and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The positive coincidence rate of the two methods was 25.0% (16/64), negative coincidence rate was 83.0% (152/183), and total coincidence rate was 68.0% (168/247), suggesting that the coincidence of IHC and FISH was poor (P=0.157). There was a negative correlation between PD-L1 protein expression on tumor cells and prognosis in gastric cancer. There was no significant correlation between PD-L1 protein expression on IC and PD-L1 gene amplification with prognosis. Vascular tumor thrombi, tumor diameter, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis were all poor prognostic factors of gastric cancer(P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PD-L1 protein expression, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis were all independent prognostic risk factors for gastric cancer.@*Conclusions@#Concordance between PD-L1 protein expression and gene amplification is poor. PD-L1 protein expression may signify poor prognosis. There is no significant correlation between PD-L1 gene amplification and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.
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Objective To study the expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (T-LBL/ALL), and to explore the relationship between their expression and clinical pathological factors and prognosis of the disease. Methods PD-L1 and PD-1 were detected in 56 patients with T-LBL/ALL by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Twenty patients with reactive hyperplasia were selected as the control group. Results Immunohistochemical results showed that PD-1 was not expressed in T-LBL/ALL tumor cells and 17.9 %(10/56) in tumor infiltrating immune cells,which was statistically significant compared with control group(18/20,90 %) (P= 0.000). The positive rates of PD-L1 protein were 37.5 % (21/56) and 10.0 % (2/20) in the experimental group and the control group, respectively and accordingly the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.044). Results of qRT-PCR showed that the relative expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 mRNA in 56 cases of T-LBL/ALL were significantly higher than those in control group (12.255 vs. 2.575, 37.990 vs. 3.615), and the differences were both statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age, PD-L1 protein and mRNA expression were closely correlated with prognosis(all P <0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that overexpression of PD-L1 protein and age (≤25 years old)were independent prognostic risk factors(both P <0.05).Conclusion In T-LBL/ALL,PD-1/PD-L1 may be involved in the immune escape of the tumor,which is expected to be a new target for the treatment of diseases.
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Objective To study the expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (T-LBL/ALL), and to explore the relationship between their expression and clinical pathological factors and prognosis of the disease. Methods PD-L1 and PD-1 were detected in 56 patients with T-LBL/ALL by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Twenty patients with reactive hyperplasia were selected as the control group. Results Immunohistochemical results showed that PD-1 was not expressed in T-LBL/ALL tumor cells and 17.9 %(10/56) in tumor infiltrating immune cells,which was statistically significant compared with control group(18/20,90 %) (P= 0.000). The positive rates of PD-L1 protein were 37.5 % (21/56) and 10.0 % (2/20) in the experimental group and the control group, respectively and accordingly the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.044). Results of qRT-PCR showed that the relative expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 mRNA in 56 cases of T-LBL/ALL were significantly higher than those in control group (12.255 vs. 2.575, 37.990 vs. 3.615), and the differences were both statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age, PD-L1 protein and mRNA expression were closely correlated with prognosis(all P <0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that overexpression of PD-L1 protein and age (≤25 years old)were independent prognostic risk factors(both P <0.05).Conclusion In T-LBL/ALL,PD-1/PD-L1 may be involved in the immune escape of the tumor,which is expected to be a new target for the treatment of diseases.
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Objective To explore the relationship between myc/bcl-2 and myc/p53 co-expression and the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods A total of 148 DLBCL cases with the follow-up data in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to October 2014 were selected. The expression of myc, bcl-2 and p53 protein in paraffin samples was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results The positive expression rate of myc, bcl-2 and p53 was 35.1 % (52/148), 60.1 % (89/148) and 24.3 % (36/148) respectively in 148 patients with DLBCL. There were 37 (25.0%) cases of myc/bcl-2 co-expression, which were correlated with Hans classification (χ2= 4.749, P= 0.029), IPI score (χ2= 4.894, P= 0.027), bone marrow invasion (χ2= 4.751, P= 0.029), and efficacy evaluation (χ2= 9.14, P= 0.003). Myc/p53 co-expression was detected in 17 cases (11.5 %), which was associated with Hans classification (χ2 = 5.349, P= 0.021) andLDH level (χ2= 11.1, P= 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed that myc [overall survival (OS): χ2= 6.044, P= 0.014; progression free survival (PFS):χ2= 6.212, P= 0.013], bcl-2 (OS:χ2= 5.812, P= 0.016; PFS:χ2= 4.878, P= 0.027), p53 (OS:χ2= 20.092, P< 0.0001; PFS:χ2= 18.492, P< 0.0001), myc/bcl-2 co-expression (OS: χ2= 11.277, P= 0.001; PFS:χ2= 9.024, P= 0.003) and myc/p53 co-expression (OS: χ2=21.150, P< 0.0001; PFS: χ2 = 18.655, P< 0.0001) were the adverse prognostic factors. In addition, the survival rate of the co-expression group was lower than that of single expression group, and the survival rate of myc/p53 co-expression group was lower than that of myc/bcl-2 co-expression group. Multivariate analysis showed that among the six independent variables, including myc, bcl-2, p53, myc/bcl-2, myc/p53 and treatment regimen, p53 expression was an independent prognostic affecting factor of OS (95%CI 0.172ˉ0.763, P=0.008) and PFS (95%CI 0.172ˉ0.773, P=0.009). Conclusion Myc, bcl-2 and p53 are the poor prognostic factors in DLBCL. Myc/bcl-2 and myc/p53 co-expression have synergistic effect, indicating the poor prognosis.
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Objective To study the expressions of metadherin (MTDH) and cyclinD1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their clinical significances. Methods The protein expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 78 cases of ESCC. Results The positive expression rate of MTDH in ESCC was 71.79%(56/78) and the positive expression rate of cyclinD1 in ESCC was 74.36%(58/78). The expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 were significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis (both P 0.05). Conclusion The over expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 protein may involve in the occurrence and development of esophageal carcinoma, which play important roles in the invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the practical method of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique combined with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap to repair deep wounds in the foot near the ankle joint with exposed bone and tendons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to January 2009, 79 patients with deep wounds in the foot near the ankle joint with exposed bone and tendons were treated by VSD technique combined with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap including 58 males and 21 females with an average age of 34 years old ranging from 7 to 59 years. There were 17 cases in low 1/3 part of leg and achilles tendon, 28 in lateral malleolus and lateral dorsum of foot, 21 in medial malleolus and medial dorsum of foot, 13 in heel and pelma. Firstly the wounds were debrided and cultivated by using VSD technique, then the soft tissue defections were repaired with sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The area of flap was from 6 cm x 5 cm to 18 cm x 15 cm; All patients stayed in hospital for 14 to 30 days, 18 days in average. Living flaps of all patients were followed-up from 6 months to 3 years, the flaps of 2 patients were mostly necrotic, 3 were necrotic, 5 cases appeared obstacle of venous back streaming. The others survived with no infections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The wound would become fresh and clean as soon as possible with VSD. The sural neurovascular pedicle fasciocutaneous flap could provide a good covering for the exposed wound. Therefore the wound healed faster with friction resistance and fine appearance. The time of hospitalization were greatly shortened after combined application.</p>
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Articulación del Tobillo , Cirugía General , Drenaje , Métodos , Traumatismos de los Pies , Patología , Cirugía General , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Métodos , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Cirugía General , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , VacioRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To review the operative technique of trephine arthrodesis of subtalar joints and evaluate its clinical effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 1998 to October 2006, we performed subtalar arthrodesis on 38 feet of 34 patients for a variety of painful disorders of hindfoot with trephine technique. Clinical and radiologic follow-up evaluations were performed for 45 months on average (range, 21 to 110 months) after arthrodesis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No severe complications were found in this study except one patient with dropfoot and two with skin necrosis. The average ankle-hindfoot scores of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) was improved from 48.3 preoperatively to 79.2 postoperatively (P<0.05). The pain scores of visual analogue scales (VAS) decreased from 7.2 (range, 3 to 10) preoperatively to 2.6 (range, 1 to 6) postoperatively (P<0.05). Subjectively, the patients experienced improvements in pain, function, cosmesis, and shoewearing. Overall, 30 patients were satisfied and all patients would have this procedure again under similar circumstances. Postoperative radiology showed that complete union was found in 35 feet 6 months after operation, with the successful union rate of 92.1%. There was an increase in arthritic scores for 5 ankles, 4 talonavicular joints, 4 calcaneocuboid joints, and 4 midfoot joints. Nonunion occurred in 3 subtalar joints with anterolateral approach, which required revision arthrodesis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Isolated subtalar arthrodesis with trephine method is an effective procedure for painful malalignment of hindfoot.</p>
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Artrodesis , Métodos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Dimensión del Dolor , Articulación Talocalcánea , Cirugía GeneralRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore therapeutic effects of emergency medial malleolus osteotomy for the treatment of fractures of talar neck and dislocation of talar body.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 1995. 6 to 2007. 10, among 24 patients with fractures of talar neck and dislocation of talar body, 18 patients were male and 6 patients were female, ranging in age from 28 to 58 years (mean 35.4 years). The duration from injury to the emergency ward ranged from 0.5 to 12 h. All the patients were treated in 5 hours after hospitalization with emergency medial malleolus osteotomy and internal fixation. Firstly, osteotomy was made above the medial malleolus tip; Secondly, the medial malleolus was turned over downward to uncover the talus; Then, the fracture of talus can be reduced in direct visidn.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up ranged from 6 to 60 months. According to Kenwright evaluation standards, 18 patients obtained an excellent results, 4 good and 2 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is easy and clearly to perform medial malleolus osteotomy. The blood circulation of talus is preserved. So it is an effective method to treat the fractures of talar neck and dislocation of talar body.</p>