The influence of additional roll test on the repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the influence of an additional roll test on the repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo（HC-BPPV）. Methods:A total of 713 patients diagnosed with HC-BPPV in Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from Jan 2020 to Feb 2022 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups by hospital card numbers, in which the number is odd were considered as group A, and the number is even were considered as group B. The group A underwent two circles of Barbecue repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system, while the group B first performed an additional roll test and then underwent two circles of Barbecue repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system, to observe the cure rate and compare influence of HC-BPPV by an additional roll test. The quality of life and sleep of patients before and one-month after the treatment were assessed by the dizziness handicap inventory（DHI） and the pittsburgh sleep quality（PSQI）. Results:The cure rate of group A was 63.21%, and the cure rate of group B was 87.68%，the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）; The DHI score of patients after the repositioning was significantly lower than that before the repositioning（P<0.05）. The PSQI score after the repositioning was significantly lower than that before the repositioning（P<0.05）. The DHI and the PSQI scores after the repositioning were significantly lower than that before the repositioning, with a statistically significant difference （P< 0.05）. The total score of DHI in group B after treatment was lower than that in group A, with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The total score of PSQI in group B after treatment was lower than that in group A, with non-statistically significant difference （P< 0.05）. Conclusion:An additional roll test before the repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system can significantly improve the cure rate of HC-BPPV, relieve anxiety, and improve the quality of life.

Interpretation of managing food allergy: Global Allergy and Asthma European Network guideline (2022) / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Food allergy is one of the most common chronic non-infectious diseases in many countries and regions, which affects 2%-4% of children and adults.Its prevalence is on the rise worldwide.In 2022, the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA 2LEN) proposed recommendations on managing food allergy to people at different age groups.This review aims to interpret the recommendations, clinical practice, precautions, evidence gaps and research priorities of food allergy management based on the GA 2LEN guideline 2022, thus providing reference for clinical management of food allergy.

Interpretation of adolescent asthma management in the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2022 Update / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children, and its prevalence has shown an obvious upward trend in recent years.Adolescence is a critical stage when adolescents undergo rapid psychological and physical developmental changes.The management of asthma in adolescents is different from that in childhood and adulthood.Further attention should be paid to the diagnosis and management of asthma in adolescents.The Global Initiative for Asthma 2022 (GINA 2022) had updated the content of evaluation and treatment of severe asthma in adolescents.In this article, the contents related to the diagnosis, assessment, initial treatment and adjustment, severe asthma management and self-management of adolescent asthma in GINA 2022 were interpreted, in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent asthma and improve the management of asthma in adolescents.

Immune debt and its impact in children during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) epidemic have been proven to be effective in blocking the spread of the epidemic.While reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, NPIs also reduce children exposure to other pathogens, leading to a decline in the incidence of many viral and bacterial infections.The reduction in contact with viruses and bacteria and the delay or interruption of routine immunization during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have resulted in insufficient immune stimulation of pathogens on the population, leading to an increase in susceptible populations and a decline in herd immunity, forming the immune debt during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.After reducing or lifting NPIs, the incidence of some viral or bacterial infectious diseases was significantly higher than pre-epidemic.In this review, the definition, source, impact and strategies of immune debt during epidemic period were expounded, inorder to improve clinicians′ attention and understanding of immune debt and optimize the prevention of children′s infectious diseases.

Current situation and strategies of asthma self-management in adolescents / 国际儿科学杂志

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children.Adolescent asthma is characterized by high prevalence rate, high mortality and poor disease control.The optimal adolescent asthma management is crucial to improve asthma control, as well as reduce the burden of asthma including mortality.The key of the management in adolescents with asthma is the self-management, which involves individual, family and social aspects.The imbalance between physical development and psychological development in adolescents leads to many challenges in the self-management in adolescents with asthma.This review elaborates the current situation, influence factors and promotional strategies of self-management in adolescents with asthma so as to achieve the optimal asthma self-management.

Recent progress in vestibular prosthesis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Bilateral vestibulopathy（BVP） is one of the common diseases in the vestibular nervous system, with an incidence rate of about 4%-7% in the population, which can lead to a variety of body dysfunctions. At present, there are two main treatment methods for BVP. One is vestibular rehabilitation. However, only part of BVP patients can finally benefit from vestibular rehabilitation, and most patients will remain with permanent vestibular dysfunction. Benefiting from the maturity of cochlear implant technology, European and American countries took the lead in the development of vestibular prosthesis（VP） technology to restore the vestibular function in patients with BVP. This review will focus on the development history, principles, future applications and the related research progress of VP in China.

Study on the influence of Barbecure combined with Epley on residual dizziness of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of Barbecure combined with Epley on residual dizziness of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo（HC-BPPV） by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system. Methods:A total of 406 patients diagnosed with HC-BPPV from Nov 2021 to Nov 2022 were enrolled by rapid axial roll test and Dix-Hallpike in the department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The patients were divided into two groups by hospital card numbers, in which the numbers that were odd were considered as group A, and the numbers that were even were considered as group B. The group A underwent two circles of Barbecure repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system, while the group B underwent two circles Barbecure combined with Epley repositioning procedure by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system. The treatment was stopped on the next day when two groups of patients were cured, and those who were not cured will continue treatment with the same method. Results:The cure rate of group A was 83.41%, and the cure rate of group B was 80.51%, the difference between the two groups was not-statistically significant difference（P>0.05）. The rate of residual dizziness of group A was 23.30%, the rate of residual dizziness of group B was 11.46%, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion:The Barbecure combined with Epley otoliths repositioning maneuver by SRM-vertigo diagnosis system can significantly reduce the rate of residual dizziness after the treatment of HC-BPPV, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions for respiratory virus infection in children and its effect / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

With the emergence of new respiratory virus, it is more apparent for the vulnerability of population to respiratory viral infection.Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for respiratory virus infection have become the main way to prevent corona virus disease 2019.Some studies had proven its effectiveness.In addition, the NPIs also significantly reduced the incidence and hospitalization rate of other respiratory disease in children.NPIs for respiratory virus infection in children have its particularity and challenge.In daily life, it is important to guide children how to do the NPIs, so as to protect susceptible children and reduce the disease burden in children′s health system.Therefore, the aerosol transmission, the specificity of the NPIs in children, and the impact on childhood respiratory diseases are described in this article, to improve the prevention of common respiratory diseases in children.

Effects of different courses of moxibustion treatment on intestinal flora and inflammation of a rat model of knee osteoarthritis / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#This study was done to determine the effects of different courses of moxibustion on a rat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model, and explore the dose-effect relationship of moxibustion on KOA from the perspectives of intestinal flora and inflammatory factors.@*METHODS@#Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal, model, moxibustion for 2 weeks, moxibustion for 4 weeks and moxibustion for 6 weeks groups (n = 5 each group). A KOA rat model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate, and moxibustion intervention was performed at the acupoints "Dubi" (ST35) and "Zusanli" (ST36), once every other day. Pathologic changes in the cartilage of rat knee joints were assessed after intervention, and fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing for microbial diversity analysis.@*RESULTS@#Damage to the knee articular cartilage was obvious in the model group, which also had increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors, decreased levels of anti-inflammatory factors, and intestinal flora disorders with decreased diversity. The degree of cartilage damage in the 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups was significantly improved compared with the model group. The 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups also demonstrated reduced levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and increased levels of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). Both the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora were increased, approaching those of the normal group. Abundances of probiotics Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 increased, while that of the pathogenic bacteria Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group decreased (P < 0.05). Although the abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group decreased in the 2 weeks of moxibustion group compared with the model group (P < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in serum inflammatory factors, flora species diversity or degree of pathological damage compared with the model group.@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion treatment led to significant improvements in the intestinal flora and inflammatory factors of rats with KOA. Moxibustion treatment of 4 and 6 weeks led to better outcomes than the 2-week course. Moxibustion for 4 and 6 weeks can regulate intestinal flora dysfunction with increased probiotics and reduced pathogenic bacteria, reduce pro-inflammatory factors and increase anti-inflammatory factors. No significant differences were seen between the effects of moxibustion for 4 weeks and 6 weeks.

Identification of serological biomarkers for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using a protein array-based approach / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To study the cytokine patterns in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy individuals and identify candidate serum biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of RA.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted among 59 patients diagnosed with RA in our hospital from 2015 to 2019 with 46 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects who received regular physical examinations in our hospital as the control group. Serological autoimmune profiles of 5 RA patients and 5 healthy control subjects were obtained from human cytokine microarrays. We selected 4 differentially expressed cytokines (LIMPII, ROBO3, Periostin and IGFBP-4) and 2 soluble cytokine receptors of interest (2B4 and Tie-2) and examined their serum levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 54 RA patients and 41 healthy control subjects. Spearman correlation test was performed to assess the correlation of serum cytokine and soluble receptor expression levels with the clinical features including rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), disease activity score (DAS28) and health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic capability of these cytokines.@*RESULTS@#We identified 6 dysregulated cytokines and soluble receptors (2B4, LIMPII, Tie-2, ROBO3, periostin and IGFBP-4) in RA patients (P < 0.01). The serum levels of LIMPII, ROBO3 and periostin were significantly correlated with the disease activity indicators including RF (P < 0.001), CRP (P < 0.001), DAS28 (P < 0.001) and HAQ (P < 0.001) in RA patients. Among the 6 candidate cytokines, 2B4 showed the largest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.861 for RA diagnosis (P < 0.001), followed then by LIMPII, ROBO3, periostin, Tie-2 and IGFBP-4.@*CONCLUSION@#Serum levels of LIMPII, ROBO3 and periostin can be indicative of the disease activity of RA, and serum 2B4, LIMPII, periostin, ROBO3, IGFBP-4 and Tie-2 levels may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of RA.

Differential diagnosis of gallbladder polypoid lesions by micro-flow imaging / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the value of micro-flow imaging (MFI) in evaluating blood flow characteristics and differential diagnosis of gallbladder polypoid lesions.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and ultrasound images of 73 patients with gallbladder polypoid lesions, including 24 patients with pathologically confirmed neoplastic polyps (n=24) and 49 with non-neoplastic polyps (n=49). All the patients underwent conventional ultrasound, MFI and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) before cholecystectomy. The blood flow characteristics of the lesions in color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and MFI were compared, and the consistency of the findings by these two modalities with those of CEUS were evaluated by weighted Kappa consistency test. The diagnostic performance of MFI for gallbladder polypoid lesions was assessed.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences between MFI and CDFI in the evaluation of blood flow characteristics of gallbladder polypoid lesions (χ2=37.684, P < 0.001). MFI showed better performance than CDFI in displaying the blood flow characteristics of the polyps. The consistency in the findings was 0.118 between CDFI and CEUS and 0.816 between MFI and CEUS. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MFI in distinguishing neoplastic polyps from non-neoplastic polyps were 75.00%, 93.88% and 87.67%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#MFI has a good consistency with CEUS in displaying the blood flow characteristics of gallbladder polypoid lesions and can accurately distinguish neoplastic polyps from non-neoplastic polyps, thus providing new ultrasound diagnostic evidence to support clinical decisions on optimal treatments of gallbladder polypoid lesions.

Strategies for targeting and remodeling tumor microenvironment / 药学学报

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of abnormal tumor vasculature, extracellular matrix components, endothelial cells, pericytes, tumor associated fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and immune cells, which is characterized by hypoxia, acidosis and high interstitial fluid pressure. Hypoxia and acidosis within the TME trigger an adjustment of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a response from neighbor stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts) and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), inducing tumor growth, angiogenesis, and ultimately, resulting in metastasis. What's more, the components of TME including abnormal tumor vasculature, rich composition of the ECM, and abundant stroma cells impair tumoral distribution and penetration of the drugs. At the same time, this stromal microenvironment plays a vital role in creating an immunosuppressive environment.Over the past years, more and more researches focus on targeting and remolding TME to improve therapeutic effects against tumors. Herein, we reviewed current strategies developed to target and remodel TME, including modulating tumor hypoxia, tumor vasculature, tumor associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix components, tumor associated macrophage phenotypes and dendritic cells. Also, potential problems and future directions are pointed out in this review.

Management of asthma in adolescents / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children and requires long-term medical management.Adolescence has unique physical and psychological characteristics, which challenge the management of asthma in adolescents.A personalized transition strategy can achieve a successful asthma transition from childhood into adulthood and improve long-term outcomes of asthma.In this paper, the characteristics of adolescence, burden of adolescent asthma, challenges to adolescent asthma, adolescent asthma management system, and successful transition of adolescent asthma were reviewed.

The effect of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of small volume benign prostate hyperplasia / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of transurethral Moses holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (MoLEP) in the treatment of small-volume benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:The clinical data of 132 patients with small BPH (prostate volume <40 ml) who underwent MoLEP from October 2017 to April 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.The age of the patients was (63.93±5.21) years old, including 12 patients with cystolithiasis. The prostate volume of 132 patients was (32.16±7.81) ml, the preoperative international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was 23.00(15.00-34.00), the quality of life score (QOL) was 5(2-6), the maximum urinary flow rate (Q max) was 7.80(0.80-9.80)ml/s and residual urine volume (PVR) was 158(51-409) ml. 89 patients had the preoperative maximum detrusor contractility (64.23±8.11) cmH 2O. Surgical methods: the 120 W Moses laser platform(Lumenis Inc)was used, the cutting power was adjusted to 80 W (2.0J×40Hz) (narrow pulse width mode), and the hemostatic power 24W (0.8J×30Hz) (wide pulse width mode). Patients with bladder calcifications underwent Moses laser bladder stone lithotripsy.After the initial resection by the level of verumontanum was performed, an anatomic plane was exposed and carried forward until the bladder neck. If prostate stones were found, Moses holmium laser lithotripsy can be performed directly. After operation, the bladder was continuously flushed with normal saline. The catheter was removed 24 hours after the operation. The operation status, intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. IPSS, QOL, Q max and PVR were followed up 3 months after surgery. Postoperative urinary incontinence is defined as the need for 2 pads or more within 24 hours. Results:The operations of 132 cases (including 12 cases with bladder stones) were successfully completed. 30 cases with prostate calcifications were found during the operation. The operation time (enucleation time) was (16.83±4.03) min. There were no perioperative complications such as blood transfusion, transurethral resection syndrome, urinary retention and venous thromboembolism. No bladder neck contracture or recurrence of bladder stones was found after surgery. Postoperative urethral stricture occured in 2 cases (1.5%), and postoperative urinary incontinence in 27 cases (20.5%). There were 102 cases (77.3%) with chronic interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. Three months after operation, IPSS was 7(0-14), QOL was 2(0-5), Q max was 17.55(9.40-26.50)ml/s and PVR was 27(0-46) ml, which were significantly improved compared with preoperatively( P<0.05). Conclusions:MoLEP can significantly improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and life quality of patients with small-volume BPH.At the same time, the incidence of complications such as urethral stricture and urinary incontinence is lower. The operation is safe and reliable, and bladder stone lithotripsy can be performed at the same time.

Clinical observation of double mini locking plate in the treatment of olecranon fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of double mini-locking plates in the treatment of ulna olecranon fractures.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to May 2020, 19 patients with olecranon fractures were treated with double mini locking plates, including 12 males and 7 females, aged from 20 to 75 years old with an average of (40.50±7.62) years old;10 patients had the injuries on the left side and 9 patients on the right side. All the 19 patients were fresh closed fractures without ulnar coronoid process fracture, elbow dislocation and other injuries. The fracture healing time and complications were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) before operation and 12 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#All the 19 patientswas followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 17 months with an average of (13.51±3.17) months. Postoperative follow-up showed all fractures healed. Fracture healing time ranged from 2 to 6 months, with an average of(3.77±1.24) months. There was no internal fixation fracture, screw loosening, infection, internal fixation irritation, heterotopic ossification, elbow stiffness and other complications occurred. The MEPS score of affected elbow at 12 months after operation was 91.26±3.87, which was significantly different from that before operation 56.18±9.56 (@*CONCLUSION@#It is a reliable fixation method to treat olecranon fracture with double mini locking plate. The incision lengh is small and the fracture fixation is reliable. Elbow joint function exercise can be performed early after operation. Postoperative internal fixation has less skin irritation and satisfactory elbow joint function recovery.

Value of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Differential Diagnosis between Cholesterol Polyp and Gallbladder Adenoma / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare the performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)and ultrasound(US)in the differential diagnosis between cholesterol polyps and gallbladder adenomas. Methods A total of 136 patients with gallbladder polyp lesions(GPLs)and undergoing cholecystectomy in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent US and CEUS examinations before cholecystectomy.US and CEUS images of cholesterol polyps and gallbladder adenomas were compared for the evaluation of the performance of CEUS in the diagnosis of gallbladder adenomas. Results The 136 cases of GPLs included 95 cases of cholesterol polyps and 41 cases of gallbladder adenomas.Cholesterol polyps and gallbladder adenomas showed significant differences in the maximum size of GPLs(

The clinical outcome of measured resection combined with gap balancing technique in total knee arthroplasty / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome of measured resection combined with gap balancing technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:From January 2016 to October 2017, 61 cases of varus knee joint flexion deformity were applied the procedure of measured resection combined with gap balancing technique in primary total knee arthroplasty, including 24 male and 37 female; the average age was 66.80±8.2 years old (range from 60 to 78 years old). All patients underwent antero-medial incision of knee joint,medial parapatellar approach and posterior stabilized prosthesis. Measurement osteotomy technique was used to localize osteotomy. Gap balancing technique was vitrificated flexion and extension. Operation time, surgical blood loss and osteotomy volume were recorded. Radiographic evaluation included alignment of lower extremity, knee joint linedistance, tibiofemoral joint angle, rotation angle of femoral prothesis and posterior condylar offset (PCO). Joint functions were assessed including KSS scores, ROM and patient satisfaction.Results:The average operation time was 54±12 min (range from 45 to 65 min). The average postoperative drainage was 140±26 ml (range from 120 to 180 ml). The difference in hemoglobin values were 22±8.5 g/L(range from 20 to 30 g/L) between preoperative and postoperative 5 days. The lateral proximal tibial bone mass was 10.2±1.5 mm (range from 9.2 to 11.5 mm). The lateral distal femoral bone mass was 9.1±1.5 mm (range from 8.8 to 10 mm). The bone mass of posterior lateral condyle of femur was 8.6±1.5 mm (range from 7.8 to 10 mm). The bone mass of posterior medial condyle of femur was 9.2±1.2 mm (range from 8.6 to 10 mm), compared with the bone mass of posterior lateral condyle of femur, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.44, P=0.006). The intraoperative angle between osteotomy line of gap balanced osteotomy technique (line B) and connecting line of screw hole in measure osteotomy (line A) was 1.15°±0.47° (range from 1.02° to 2°). The external rotation angle was27.8%, the internal rotation angle was72.2%. There was no significant difference between preoperative knee joint line distance 40.55±4.32 mm and postoperative knee prosthesis joint line distance 40.99±3.86 mm. Postoperative knee straight and bent-knee 90° stress X-ray demonstrated that medial-lateral tibiofemoral joint angle showed no significant difference ( P >0.05). Cross-sectional CT of knee joint post operation, rotation angle of femoral prosthesis ≤±2°. Most of them were mainly concentrated in the internal rotation angle. There was no significant difference between preoperative PCO 31.55±3.18 mm and postoperative PCO 31.55±3.18 mm ( P>0.05). The KSS score and patient satisfaction score post operationwere significantly higher than those preoperation. The KSS score and patient satisfaction score at 3 months after operation were 89.2±9.4 points and 7.2±2.6 points, which were higher than that at 1 month after operation (78.0±3.5 points and 5.2±1.8 points), with statistically significant differences ( t=1.897, P=0.026; t=1.753, P=0.038). The KSS score was above 90 at 6 months after operation. The knee ROM after 1 month (94.7°±10.6°) had no statistical significance compared with that preoperation (91.9°±12.5°) ( t=1.286, P=0.245). The knee ROM at 3 months after surgery (105.8°±14.7°) was significantly higher than that before operation (91.9°±12.5°) ( t=1.924, P=0.041). There was no significant difference between the scores of the follow-up time points and those of 3 months after operation ( P >0.05). Conclusion:TKA were performed by using measured resection combined with gap balancing technique. Not only can good alignment of lower extremity be restored, but also flexion-extension gap balance can be obtained. Equal osteotomy with less soft tissue release. There are better ROM of knee and KSS functional scores in the early postoperative period. However, it is easy to cause femoral pseudointernal rotation.

The pulmonary function after pneumonia in children over 3 years old / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the pulmonary function after pneumonia in children over 3 years old.Methods:This was an observational study recruiting children discharged from Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017 with the first diagnosis of pneumonia who were re-examined for pulmonary function within 0.5 to 2.0 years follow-up at outpatient department.Medical records during hospitalization, clinical information, pulmonary function and/or chest imaging examination were collected for analyzing lung function and relevant risk factors.Results:A total of 159 eligible patients who were followed up at the outpatient department were recruited, involving 100 patients receiving the lung function examination, and among them, 46 had abnormal lung function.There was no significant correlation between the gender and the pulmonary function after pneumonia ( χ2= 0.975, P=0.323). No correlation was found between the pulmonary function and pneumonia pathogens ( χ2=0.549, P=0.908). Children with severe pneumonia ( χ2=5.154, P=0.023) and abnormal chest imaging after pneumonia ( χ2=4.464, P=0.035) were more likely to have lung dysfunction.Among 74 children over 6 years old, there were 45 cases(60.81%) had pulmonary dysfunction after pneumonia, manifesting as the reduced forced expiration volume in one second (FEV 1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity, forced expiratory flow at 75% vital capacity, maximum mid-expiratory flow and FEV 1/FVC%. Conclusions:Lung dysfunction may occur after pneumonia, manifesting as small airway dysfunction, obstructive ventilation dysfunction and mixed ventilation dysfunction.The gender and etiology of pneumonia are not correlated with lung dysfunction after pneumonia.Children with severe pneumonia and continuous imaging abnormalities are more likely to have lung dysfunction.

Interpretation of European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Biologicals Guidelines-Recommendations for severe asthma / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Severe asthma imposes a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems.Management is difficult, due to disease heterogeneity, co-morbidities, complexity in care pathways and differences between national or regional healthcare systems.Better understanding of the mechanisms has enabled a stratified approach to the management of severe asthma, supporting the use of targeted treatments with biologicals.However, there are still many issues that require further clarification.These include selection of a certain biological, the definition of response, strategies to enhance the responder rate, the duration of treatment and its regimen.

Study on characteristics and regularity of acupuncture prescription by / 中国针灸

Summarized the characteristics and rules of