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Due to the insufficient long-term protection and significant efficacy reduction to new variants of current COVID-19 vaccines, the epidemic prevention and control are still challenging. Here, we employ a capsid and antigen structure engineering (CASE) strategy to manufacture an adeno-associated viral serotype 6-based vaccine (S663V-RBD), which expresses trimeric receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein fused with a biological adjuvant RS09. Impressively, the engineered S663V-RBD could rapidly induce a satisfactory RBD-specific IgG titer within 2 weeks and maintain the titer for more than 4 months. Compared to the licensed BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm, China), a single-dose S663V-RBD induced more endurable and robust immune responses in mice and elicited superior neutralizing antibodies against three typical SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses including wild type, C.37 (Lambda) and B.1.617.2 (Delta). More interestingly, the intramuscular injection of S663V-RBD could overcome pre-existing immunity against the capsid. Given its effectiveness, the CASE-based S663V-RBD may provide a new solution for the current and next pandemic.
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Tumor metastasis is responsible for most mortality in cancer patients, and remains a challenge in clinical cancer treatment. Platelets can be recruited and activated by tumor cells, then adhere to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and assist tumor cells extravasate in distant organs. Therefore, nanoparticles specially hitchhiking on activated platelets are considered to have excellent targeting ability for primary tumor, CTCs and metastasis in distant organs. However, the activated tumor-homing platelets will release transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which promotes tumor metastasis and forms immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, a multitalent strategy is needed to balance the accurate tumor tracking and alleviate the immunosuppressive signals. In this study, a fucoidan-functionalized micelle (FD/DOX) was constructed, which could efficiently adhere to activated platelets through P-selectin. Compared with the micelle without P-selectin targeting effect, FD/DOX had increased distribution in both tumor tissue and metastasis niche, and exhibited excellent anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy on 4T1 spontaneous metastasis model. In addition, due to the contribution of fucoidan, FD/DOX treatment was confirmed to inhibit the expression of TGF-β, thereby stimulating anti-tumor immune response and reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment. The fucoidan-functionalized activated platelets-hitchhiking micelle was promising for the metastatic cancer treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for the number of lymph node harvested after Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 396 patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic or laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from December 2014 to July 2019 were collected. There were 991 males and 405 females, aged (60±11) years. Surgery using Da Vinci robotic system or laparoscopic system was completed according to patients' wishes. Cases with early gastric cancer underwent D 1+ lymphadenectomy and cases with advanced gastric cancer underwent standard D 2 lymphadenectomy. Observation indicators: (1) intraoperative situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) influencing factors for the number of lymph node harvested after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer; (4) follow-up and survival. Follow-up using outpatient examination or telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients up to October 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Univariate analysis was done using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Multivariate analysis was performed using Logistic regression model. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results:(1) Intraoperative situations: all the 1 396 patients underwent radical gastrectomy, including 415 cases undergoing Da Vinci robotic radical gastrectomy and 981 cases undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. Thirty-five of the 1 396 patients were converted to open surgery, including 5 cases undergoing Da Vinci robotic radical gastrectomy and 30 cases undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. Of the 1 396 patients, 983 cases underwent distal gastrectomy, 400 cases underwent total gastrectomy and 13 cases underwent proximal gastrectomy, among which 597 cases underwent Billroth Ⅰ anastomosis, 385 cases underwent Billroth Ⅱ anastomosis, 401 cases underwent Roux-en-Y anastomosis and 13 cases underwent residual stomach-esophagus anastomosis. The operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss and cases with intraoperative blood transfusion were (221±51)minutes, (201±81)mL, 24 of 415 cases undergoing Da Vinci robotic radical gastrectomy, and (196±42)minutes, (232±76)mL, 75 of 981 cases undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, respectively. (2) Postoperative situations: the time to postoperative first flatus, time to postoperative initial liquid food intake and duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 1 396 patients were (3.0±1.0) days, (4.2±1.5) days and (9.0±3.8) days, respectively. Two hundred and ten of the 1 396 patients had postoperative complications including 170 cases with grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications and 40 cases with grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ complications. Eight of the 210 patients with postoperative complications died of serious complica-tions and the other 202 cases were cured after symptomatic treatment. Results of postoperative histopathological examination showed that there were 958 cases of adenocarcinoma, 220 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and 218 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma. The number of lymph node harvested and the number of positive lymph node of the 1 396 patients were 26.0±8.3 and 3.6±0.9, respectively, and cases with the number of lymph node harvested ≥16 or <16 were 1 312 and 84. (3) Influencing factors for the number of lymph node harvested after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: results of univariate analysis showed that the operating surgeon, operation method, range of gastric resection, nerve invasion, degree of tumor invasion and tumor pathological N stage were related factors influencing the number of lymph node harvested after Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer ( χ2=13.167, 6.029, 15.686, 5.573, 9.402, 17.139, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that the operating surgeon, operation method, range of gastric resection and tumor pathological N stage were independent factors influencing the number of lymph node harvested after Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer ( odds ratio=1.589, 2.018, 1.787, 0.267, 95% confidence interval as 1.221?2.068, 1.140?3.570, 1.066?2.994, 0.103?0.689, P<0.05). (4) Follow-up and survival: of the 1 396 patients, 1 256 cases were followed up for 2 to 70 months, with a median follow-up time of 27 months. The 3-year cumulative survival rate of the 1 256 cases was 70.2%. Conclusion:The operating surgeon, operation method, range of gastric resection and tumor pathological N stage are independent factors influencing the number of lymph node harvested after Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the application value of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in totally Da Vinci robotic total gastrectomy.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 97 patients with gastric cancer who underwent totally Da Vinci robotic total gastrectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2016 and February 2019 were collected.There were 57 males and 40 females, aged (59±10)years, with a range from 35 to 60 years. Of the 97 patients, 52 receiving perioperative management using ERAS were allocated into ERAS group, and 45 receiving traditional perioperative management were allocated into traditional group. Observation indicators: (1) intraoperative situations; (2) postoperative situations. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Repeated measurement data were analyzed by ANOVA. Comparison of ordinal datas was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results:(1) Intraoperative situations: patients in the ERAS group and traditional group underwent totally Da Vinci robotic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer successfully. Cases with Roux-en-Y anastomosis or uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis (methods of digestive reconstruction), operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss for the ERAS group were 25, 27, (205±28)minutes, (176±80)mL, respectively, versus 21, 24, (199±31)minutes, (182±81)mL for the traditional group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( χ2=0.02, t=1.00, 0.37, P>0.05). (2) Postoperative situations: time to first out-of-bed activities, time to first anal flatus, time to initial liquid food intake, time to abdominal drainage tube removal, cases with postoperative complications, the number of lymph node dissected, cases in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ of postoperative tumor staging, duration of postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization expenses were (1.85±0.29)days, (2.90±0.47)days, (2.53±0.28)days, (5.72±0.95)days, 6, 28±8, 4, 25, 23, (6.43±0.52)days, (60 222±3 888)yuan in the ERAS group and (3.04±0.39)days, (3.82±0.36)days, (4.24±0.30)days, (6.75±0.48)days, 5, (27±6)days, 3, 20, 22, (8.47±0.69)days, (64 197±3 369)yuan in the traditional group, respectively. There were significant differences in the time to first out-of-bed activities, time to first anal flatus, time to initial liquid food intake, time to abdominal drainage tube removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses between the two groups ( t=17.19, 10.69, 29.02, 6.58, 16.57, 5.34, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the postoperative complications, the number of lymph node dissected, or postoperative tumor staging between the two groups ( χ2=0.01, t=0.68, Z=-0.46, P>0.05). From 2 hours after anesthesia awakening to 48 hours after surgery, the visual analog pain scores were changed from 3.06±0.29 to 2.13±0.32 in the ERAS group, and from 4.11±0.74 to 3.26±0.42 in the traditional group, respectively, showing a significant difference in the changing trend between the two groups ( F=264.45, P<0.05). There was no death or readmission in the postoperative 30 days. Conclusions:ERAS applied in the totally Da Vinci robotic total gastrectomy is safe and effective, which is associated with faster gastrointestinal function recovery, shorter hospital stay, better pain control, and quicker recovery afer surgery.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 171 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2015 to October 2016 were collected.There were 110 males and 61 females,aged from 38 to 81 years,with a median age of 57 years.Of 171 patients,70 undergoing Da Vinci robotic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer and 101 undergoing laparoscopic distal gastrectomy were allocated into the robotic group and laparoscopic group,respectively.Observation indicators:(1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after the propensity score matching;(2) intraoperative and postoperative situations;(3) situations of pathological examination;(4) follow-up.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview to detect severe complications and survival after discharge up to October 2018.The overall survival time was from the operation data to end of follow-up or time of death.The propensity score matching was used to perform 1 ∶ 1 matching by Empower Stats.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean ± SD,and comparison between groups was done using the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range),and comparison between groups was done using the Mann-Whitney U test.Count data were represented as absolute number,and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test and comparison of ordinal data between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.The survival rate and curve were respectively calculated and drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis.Results (1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after the propensity score matching:124 of 171 patients had successful matching,including 62 in each group.The body mass index (BMI) and tumor diameter before matching were (24.2±2.4)kg/m2 and (50±13)mm in the robotic group,(25.1±2.1) kg/m2 and (45±14) mm in the laparoscopic group,showing statistically significant differences between the two groups (t =-2.676,2.045,P＜ 0.05).The BMI and tumor diameter after matching were (24.5 ± 2.3) kg/m2 and (49 ± 14) mm in the robotic group,(24.4 ± 2.2) kg/m2 and (48 ± 12) mm in the laparoscopic group,showing no statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=0.110,0.524,P＞0.05).(2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations:the total operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,level of C-reactive protein at day 1 postoperatively,level of C-reactive protein at day 3 postoperatively,volume of totally abdominal drainage were (147±13) minutes,(115±12)mL,(52.2±7.2)mg/L,(33.7±11.9)mg/L,353.5 mL (range,267.0-1 350.0 mL) in the robotic group,and (140± 12) minutes,(131 ± 12) mL,(58.2±7.4) mg/L,(41.1 ± 16.9) rag/L,397.0 mL (range,255.0-1 600.0 mL) in the laparoscopic group,respectively,showing statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the two groups (t =3.163,-7.814,-4.631,-2.840,Z =-4.351,P＜0.05).(3) Situations of pathological examination:patients after matching in the two groups received R0 resection,with negative duodenal margin and gastric margin.The number of lymph nodes dissected in the robotic group and laparoscopic group were 22±4 and 20±4,respectively,with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=2.812,P＜0.05).(4) Follow-up:124 patients after propensity score matching were followed up for 6-37 months,with a median time of 25 months.During the follow-up,no severe surgery-related complications such as obstruction of input or output loop and dumping syndrome were found in the two groups within 3 months after operation.The 2-year overall survival rate was 82.1％ and 75.2％ in the robotic and laparoscopic group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (x2 =0.436,P＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with laparoscopic surgery,Da Vinci robotic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer has advantages in postoperative recovery and minimally invasion.There are similar 2-year overall survival rates in the two groups.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on the blood lipid and uric acid levels of elderly patients with coronary heart disease complicated with diabetes mellitus.Methods:116 patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,58 cases in each group.Both groups of patients were given blood glucose control,blood pressure and other symptomatic treatment.The control group was treated with Aspirin Enteric-coated Tablets 0.3～0.6 g/times,3 times/d,oral,clopidogrel tablets,2 tablets each time,1 time/d,oral,nitroglycerin,0.25～0.5 g/time,3 times/d,with service;the experimental group was given atorvastatin on the basis of control group,10～20 mg/time,1 time/d,treatment for 4 weeks.During the treatment,the dosage was timely adjusted according to the conditions of patients.The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),uric acid (UA),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and after treatment and the clinical treatment efficiency were observed and compared between two groups.Results:Compared with before treatment,the serum LDL-C,TG,TC,UA,HbA1c levels were decreased ahter treatment in both groups of patients,the HDL-C level was increased (P＜0.05);compared with the control group,the serum LDL-C,TG,TC,UA,HbA1c levels were lower,HDL-C level was higher in the experimental group (P＜0.05);compared with the control group,the effective rate of clinical treatment of the experimental group were higher (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Atorvastatin could effectively reduce the blood glucose,blood lipid,uric acid levels of elderly patients with coronary heart disease complicated with diabetes.