RESUMEN
The essential oil from Piper solmsianum leaves and its major compound (sarisan) were tested to verify their influences upon mice behaviour. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger extractor and analysed by GC/ MS. This analysis revealed in the oil the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and of arylpropanoids. The compound sarisan, a myristicin analogue, was isolated from the oil to perform the pharmacological tests. Emulsions of the oil and of sarisan (5.0 and 10.0 percent v/v) were used in the tests. Pentobarbital (30 mg/ kg s.c.) or diazepam (2.5 mg/ kg s.c.) were tested as standard drugs to verify depressant or anxiolytic effects, respectively. Both essential oil and sarisan showed to have exciting and depressant effects in the tested animals
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Ratones , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Acatisia Inducida por Medicamentos/fisiopatología , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Depresión/inducido químicamente , Diazepam/farmacología , Dioxolanos/farmacología , Hipnóticos y Sedantes/farmacología , Pentobarbital/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta , Ratas EndogámicasRESUMEN
The world over, many plants are being used successfully - mainly in the form of teas - to counteract the effects of diabetes; and Brazil is no exception. This is especially true for patients suffering from noninsulin dependent (type II) diabetes. The article first summarizes the mechanisms reported in the scientific literature which explain hypoglycemic activity in plants. These include: Inhibition of the intestinal absorption of glucose; inhibition of alpha-glucosidase; and protection of the beta-pancreatic cells and of the liberated insulin. Also shown is the hypoglycemic activity of glycans. In a second section experimental results are presented with three plants widely used in Brazil as hypoglycemic agents: Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) D.C. (pedra-ume-caá); Punica granatum L. (roma, pomegranate); and Chrysobalanus icaco (abajeru). The experimental results show the activity of the plant extracts in the inhibition of the intestinal absorption of glucose.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacocinética , Extractos Vegetales/farmacocinética , Polisacáridos/farmacocinética , Trisacáridos/farmacología , Absorción Intestinal , alfa-Glucosidasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Glucosa/metabolismo , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
We have observed that several plants used popularly as anti-snake venom show anti-inflammatory activity. From the list prepared by Rizzini, Mors and Pereira some species have been selected and tested for analgesic activity (number of contortions) and anti-inflammatory activity (Evans blue dye diffusion - 1 per cents solution) according to Whittle's technique (intraperitoneal administration of 0.1 N-acetic acid 0.1 ml/10 g) in mice. Previous oral administration of a 10 per cents infusion (dry plant) or 20 per cents (fresh plant) corresponding to 1 or 2 g/Kg of Apuleia leiocarpa, Casearia sylvestris, Brunfelsia uniflora, Chiococca brachiata, Cynara scolymus, Dorstenia brasiliensis, Elephantopus scaber, Marsypianthes chamaedrys, Mikania glomerata and Trianosperma tayuya demonstrated analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory activities of varied intensity
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Ratones , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Plantas Medicinales , Mordeduras de Serpientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Analgésicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Evaluación Preclínica de MedicamentosRESUMEN
We have observed that several plants used popularly as anti-snake venom show anti-inflammatory activity. From the list prepared by Rizzini, Mors and Pereira some species have been selected and tested for analgesic activity (number of contortions) and anti-inflammatory activity (Evans blue dye diffusion - 1% solution) according to Whittle's technique (intraperitoneal administration of 0.1 N-acetic acid 0.1 ml/10 g) in mice. Previous oral administration of a 10% infusion (dry plant) or 20% (fresh plant) corresponding to 1 or 2 g/Kg of Apuleia leiocarpa, Casearia sylvestris, Brunfelsia uniflora, Chiococca brachiata, Cynara scolymus, Dorstenia brasiliensis, Elephantopus scaber, Marsypianthes chamaedrys, Mikania glomerata and Trianosperma tayuya demonstrated analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory activities of varied intensity .