Avaliação da atividade citotóxica das sementes de Annona cornifolia A. St.-Hil. (Annonaceae) / Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of seeds of Annona cornifolia A. St.-Hil. (Annonaceae)

Na família Annonaceae, especialmente o gênero Annona é muito apreciado por fornecer frutos comestíveis. Espécies desse gênero são utilizadas na medicina popular contra diabetes, malária e infecções. Muitas dessas atividades biológicas têm sido relacionadas às acetogeninas de anonáceas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade citotóxica dos grupos e de uma acetogenina pura (cornifolina) obtidos a partir do extrato etanólico das sementes de Annona cornifolia A. St.-Hil. (Annonaceae). Esta atividade foi avaliada pelo ensaio colorimétrico MTT. Cornifolina (1), a única substância pura testada, apresentou citotoxicidade positiva sobre todas as linhagens tumorais avaliadas. Os grupos testados, todos caracterizados por espectroscopia no infravermelho (IV), apresentaram 68,7% dos valores de CI50 menores que 20,0 µg mL-1, sendo também considerados citotóxicos. As amostras testadas foram mais ativas que o taxol sobre melanoma humano (MeWo) e, ainda, o grupo G10-5 apresentou melhor atividade sobre fibroblasto tumorigênico de camundongo (L929). Além disso, os grupos mostraram menor citotoxidade do que o taxol sobre a linhagem normal (CHO).

The family Annonaceae, especially the genus Annona, is greatly appreciated for providing edible fruits. Species of this genus are used in folk medicine against diabetes, malaria and infections. Many of these biological activities have been related to annonaceous acetogenins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of groups and a pure acetogenin (cornifolin) obtained from the ethanol extract of the seeds of Annona cornifolia A. St.-Hil. (Annonaceae). This activity was evaluated by using MTT colorimetric assay. Cornifolin (1), the only tested substance that was pure, showed positive cytotoxicity on all evaluated tumor cell lines. The tested groups, all characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), showed 68.7% of the IC50 values lower than 20.0 µg mL-1, also considered cytotoxic. The tested samples were more active than taxol on human melanoma (MeWo) and the group G10-5 showed better activity on mouse tumorigenic fibroblast (L929). In addition, the tested groups showed less cytotoxicity than taxol on the normal line (CHO).

Effects of physical exercises on the ventricular myocardium

It is known that people who exercise regularly are less likely to develop heart diseases such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia decreasing the occurrence of atherosclerosis and its complications: heart failure, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. In the presence of physical exercises, the myocardium adjusts to the work loads metabolically and mechanically. There are two kinds of physical exercises: aerobic exercise and strength exercise or resistance training. Nowadays, strength exercises have become very popular due to several different reasons. Strength exercises are those performed against a specific opposing gradual resistance to muscular contraction such as weights. According to the literature, both types of exercises have effects on different body tissues. In the present work, a literature review, including scientific articles since 1980, on the effects of aerobic and strength exercises on the ventricular myocardium was conducted. The low and high-intensity strength exercises have different effects, but none of them causes major effects on the cardiovascular function chronically. The most evident alteration of the myocardium subjected to strength exercises is the increase in the cross-sectional area of the cardiac myocytes leading to myocardial hypertrophy.

Hernia de disco toracica operada por toracoscopia videoassistida / Herniated thoracic disc operated through video-assisted thoracoscopy

A detailed description of the surgical steps od the first five patients with herniated thoracic disc operated on through videoendoscopic technique at our institution are described below: This is an optimal approach to the spine through a ventral route with minimally ivasive technique. This surgical modality allows for superb illumination, visualization and magnification and permits relatively easy manipulation and dissection of delicate amatomic structures through small openings and with the use of high resolution endoscopes. Fast recovery is usual and the patients were discharged on the 3rd ou 4th postoperative day, some of them claiming of intercostal pain for more 24 to 48 hours. No cases of infection were observed.

Epidemiologia das lesoes cirurgicas raque-medulares. I. Frequencia dos processos expansivos neoplasicos. / Epidemiology of surgical spinal-medullary injuries. I. Frequency of neoplastic expansive process

Os autores apresentam a frequencia dos processos expansivos neoplasicos raque-medulares em numero de 700 casos entre 4.090 casos de processos cirurgicos coletados ate 1980. Sao analisados apenas 579, pois 121 nao tem informacoes histologicas.O material focaliza o enorme numero dos metastaticos e mostra que sem eles a grande maioria dos processos sao benignos

Hernia epigastrica (lipoma interxifoumbilical): classificacao, frequencia, repercussao sobre o tempo de afastamento do trabalho e custo operacional. Valorizacao dos sistema cirurgico ambulatorial. / Epigastric hernia (interxiphoumbelical lipoma): classification, frequency, repercussions on the absenteeism and operational cost. Value of the ambulatorial surgical system

Os autores estudam a nomenclatura, classificacao e frequencia da hernia epigastrica com base numa experiencia pessoal e de literatura. Enfatizam a transformacao do tratamento cirurgico em regime hospitalar para o ambulatorial. Houve repercussoes imediatas sobre o menor periodo de afastamento do trabalho e a diminuicao do custo operacional quando se fez substancial economia sem prejuizo para 33 doentes operados, neste regime

Abscesso intra-raqueano epidural. Levantamento de 23 casos. / Spinal epidural abscess. Report of 23 cases

Os autores apresentam um levantamento de 23 casos de abscessos intra-raqueanos epidurais da Disciplina de Nerocirurgia da Escola Paulista de Medicina, entre 1947-1981, sendo analizados 14 casos