Aspectos clínicos e de laboratório de cães soropositivos para leishmaniose / Clinical and laboratorial aspects of seropositive dogs to leishmaniosis

Leihsmaniasis is a protozoal disease transmitted by dipteran insects. The dog is an important domestic host of both visceral and cutaneous forms of the disease. These forms affects humans in many countries, and it is considered a serious risk for human health. This study reports clinical and laboratorial data from 18 dogs. Nine dogs were positive by indirect immunofluorescence technique and the other nine were negative. The dogs were clinically monitored for 30 days and laboratorial changes were assessed. Three blood samples were collected for hemogram and serum biochemistry at 0, 15, and 30 days. The clinical signs of positive dogs were compatible with the disease, including lymphadenopathy, cutaneous ulcers, hyperthermia, apathy, cachexia and ulcerated mucosa. Marked differences were observed in the blood cell counts and blood biochemistry between positive and negative dogs. In conclusion, blood and biochemistry analyses of positive dogs were not sufficient to diagnose the disease within the period studied. The serologic test associated with the clinical signs are important to confirm the diagnosis.

Avaliacao de acetaminofen, dipirona e placebo no tratamento da dor pos-amigdalectomia. / Evaluation of acetaminophen, dipyrone and placebo in the treatment from post-tonsillectomy pain

Estudou-se, de forma duplo-cega, a eficacia analgesica e tolerancia a administracao de dose unica de acetaminofen (500 mg) dipirona (500 mg) e placebo em 85 pacientes com dor subsequente a amigdalectomia.Os grupos se caracterizaram pela homogeneidade dos parametros demograficos no pre-tratamento (hora mais elevada, em comparacao aos grupos dipirona e placebo. Durante as quatro horas de duracao do estudo avaliou-se a eficacia dos tratamentos pela analise dos escores de intensidade da dor (0 = ausente; 1 = leve; 2 = moderado e 3 = intensa), e alivio da dor (0 = nenhum; 1 = pequeno; 2 = moderado; 3 = acentuado e 4 = completo). Estes itens permitiram obter-se parametros indiretos: DID = diferenca de intensidade da dor a cada avaliacao em relacao a dor inicial; MAXDID: diferenca maxima de intensidade da dor; SDID: soma das diferencas de intensidade da dor; TOT-AL: maximo alivio obtido nas quatro horas de avaliacao. Tambem considerou-se a necessidade de analgesico suplementar e a eventual ocorrencia de reacoes adversas aos tratamentos. Durante as cinco avaliacoes, apos a administracao dos medicamentos (30 minutos, 1a., 2a., 3a. e 4a. horas) a analise dos parametros mencionados revelou equipotencia analgesica do acetaminofen em relacao a dipirona, ambos se mostrando estatisticamente superiores ao placebo.A tolerabilidade as drogas foi considerada excelente