Interrupción legal del embarazo en un hospital público y su área programática / Legal interruption of pregnancy in a public hospital and its programmatic area

El Código Penal Argentino en su artículo 86 especifica las causales para las interrupciones legales del embarazo. En el Área Programática del Hospital Piñero de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires se estableció un protocolo para realizarlas. Desde la implementación no se ha evaluado. El objetivo fue describir las características de dichas intervenciones en 2017. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, como fuente de información se utilizó una planilla completada por los equipos luego de atender a las mujeres. Hubo 503 casos, la edad gestacional promedio de la primera consulta fue de 8.5 semanas. El 93.8% se resolvió en el primer nivel, el 94.5% de ellas en el primer trimestre de gestación. La causal salud integral fue la principalmente tenida en cuenta en los centros de salud, la causal violación lo fue en el hospital. El plazo de resolución de las interrupciones fue de 5.7 días en los centros de salud y de 1.3 días en hospital. La resolución fue medicamentosa en el 80.9% de los casos en los centros de salud. La tasa de complicaciones fue 8 cada 1000 interrupciones. La cobertura de método anticonceptivo posterior fue 16.7 cada 100 interrupciones. En cumplimiento del fallo F.A.L. (Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación), el acceso a las interrupciones legales del embarazo y la atención de las mujeres, implica un aumento en el acceso efectivo de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos y una disminución del número de las que se verán expuestas a prácticas inseguras que aumentan su riesgo de morbimortalidad en situación de embarazo.

The Argentine Penal Code in its article 86 specifies the grounds for the legal interruption of pregnancy. In the Programmatic Area of the Piñero Hospital, city of Buenos Aires, a protocol to perform them was established. Since the implementation it had not been evaluated. The objective was to describe the characteristics of these interventions in 2017. A descriptive study was conducted, as a source of information a form completed by the teams after care for the women was used. There were 503 cases, the average gestational age at the first consultation was 8.5 weeks; 93.8% were resolved in the first level, 94.5% of them in the first trimester of pregnancy. The causal integral health was the main one addressed in the health centers, while in the hospital it was rape. The resolution period for the interruptions was 5.7 days in the health centers and 1.3 days in the hospital. The resolution was with medications in 80.9% of the cases in the health centers. The complication rate was 8 per 1000 interruptions. The subsequent contraceptive method coverage was 16.7 per 100 interruptions. In compliance with the sentence F.A.L. (Supreme Court of Justice), access to legal interruptions of pregnancy and women's care implies an increase in effective access to sexual and reproductive rights and a decrease in the number of those who will be exposed to unsafe practices that increase the risk of morbidity and mortality.

Práctica voluntaria del aborto e impacto subjetivo en mujeres. Representaciones, sentidos e imaginario en escenario de clandestinidad / [Voluntary practice and subjective impact of abortion on women. Representations, meanings and social imaginary in clandestine scenario].

UNLABELLED: The unplanned pregnancy is a common occurrence in women of reproductive age and at any social status since it is a critical and vital situation that forces women to make a decision. Despite being a public health issue, the act of voluntarily terminating a pregnancy is circumscribed to the clandestine, hidden, private sphere, due to the restrictive legal contexts that dominate the subject. The lack of professional assistance in these situations represents a risk to the health and lives of women. OBJECTIVE: In this article we propose to visualize the meanings and senses that each woman assigns to the process, the reflection about the subjective impact and the eventually psychological effects of the practice; we introduce the conclusions reached from the analysis of the stories of women who went through this process from the notification of an unplanned pregnancy, decision making and the practice of it, in a context of illegality; with the professional support that is provided from the Integrated Counseling in Sexual and Reproductive Health. This counseling is part of the public policies to reduce risk and damage from induced abortions. CONCLUSION: In this context and through the professional accompaniment the words appear in order to elaborate, psychically and symbolically, the effects that the voluntary pregnancy interruption in women produces. The meanings that each woman gives to abortion depends on the appeal from that experience, either as a drama that shocks and destabilizes the mental equilibrium, a critical event but surmountable, or an opportunity to reaffirm their autonomy.