Alteraciones metabólicas asociadas al uso de terapia antipsicótica: [revisión] / Atypical antipsychotic induced weight gain and metabolic disorders: [revision]

The advent of new antipsychotic drugs has improved the treatment of schizophrenic patients as well as those suffering from other severe psychiatric disorders. Its widespread use, however, has been associated to the development of obesity and metabolic disturbances such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and increased coronary risk. This has caused a serious concern, due to the high cardiovascular mortality that prematurely affects these patients. The etiology of these abnormalities is still a matter of debate, although it is generally believed that the new antipsychotic drugs have a control stimulating effect on appetite, and their use is associated to an increased level of cortisol and to an insulin-resistance state. In addition, there is an increase in inflammatory mediator and cytokine production, induced by the pathophysiology of the schizophrenic process itself and also caused by the direct action of the antipsichotic drugs. In spite of the mounting evidence, the metabolic management of these patients is still deñcient. A cióse follow-up in the initial stages of the antipsychotic treatment is recommended, as well as giving advice about diet and physical exercise. Finally, when obesity or other conditions associated to metabolic syndrome appear, the recommendation is to switch to drugs with less secondary effects or to add adjuvant medications to improve the overall evolution of these patients.

Crisis de pánico en un paciente con acné tratado con isotretinoína: Caso clínico / Panic attacks in a patient treated with isotretinoin for acne: Report of one case

The use of isotretinoin as a treatment for acne is related to psychiatric syndromes such as psychosis and depression. On the other hand, several drugs have been identified as causing panic attacks. A relationship between dermatologic and psychiatric disease has also been established. We report a 20 year-old male who started to suffer panic attacks after using isotretinoin for acne.

Materiales quirúrgicos que un médico general debe conocer / Surgical materials that a general physician should know

La siguiente revisión desarrolla en forma simple un tema ausente de la mayoría de los libros de cirugía: el instrumental quirúrgico básico, además de los tipos y características de las suturas que un médico general debe conocer y manejar para poder resolver una patología quirúrgica en forma temporal o permanente

Ulceras orales: claves diagnósticas / Oral ulcers: diagnostic guidelines

Las úlceras orales(UO) son motivo de consulta relativamente frecuente. Pueden ser la primera manifestación de una enfermedad de mayor gravedad o con compromiso multisistémico. Se revisa de manera esquemática las causas de estas lesiones y las claves para ayudar al diagnóstico de estos pacientes. Se revisan medicamentos involucrados en la patogenia de estas lesiones y las medidas terapéuticas generales

Surco diagonal del lóbulo de la oreja y enfermedad coronaria / Diagonal ear lobe crease and coronary heart disease

Se presenta una revisión de la literatura respecto a la relación existente entre el surco diagonal del lóbulo de la oreja(SLO) y la presencia de enfermedad coronaria. Los estudios más importantes realizados tanto en población general como en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria demostrada, son someramente descritos. Estos, han establecido una estrecha relación entre SLO y enfermedad coronaria. Este signo físico(conocido también como Signo de Frank) puede ser considerado tanto un marcador de la enfermedad coronaria, como asimismo un predictor de otras complicaciones: aumento en la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial, enfermedad vascular periférica, cambios retinales y complicaciones anestésicas