RESUMEN
As doenças autoinflamatórias sistêmicas são um grupo de doenças raras recentemente descritas, mas que vêm ganhando espaço no cenário clínico. Caracterizam-se por alterações da imunidade inata, portanto sem a presença de linfócito T autorreator ou autoanticorpo, e que respondem ao bloqueio de uma única citocina. Esta revisão tem como objetivo analisar a base imunofisiológica destas doenças e descrever brevemente cada uma delas com suas características clínicas mais importantes.
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases are a group of rare diseases only recently described but rapidly growing in importance in the clinical setting. They are characterized by innate immunity impairment, i.e., absence of autoreactive T lymphocytes or autoantibodies, and respond to individual cytokine blockade. The objective of this review was to analyze the immunophysiological basis of these diseases and to briefly describe each of them along with their most relevant clinical characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Autoanticuerpos , Linfocitos T , Citocinas , Enfermedades Raras , Inmunidad Innata , Fiebre Mediterránea Familiar , Piodermia Gangrenosa , Acné Vulgar , Síndrome de Schnitzler , Deficiencia de Mevalonato Quinasa , Síndromes Periódicos Asociados a Criopirina , LipodistrofiaRESUMEN
As doenças autoinflamatórias são doenças inflamatórias raras cujo cerne imunológico baseia-se na imunidade inata. A maioria das doenças autoinflamatórias tem início na idade pediátrica, mas pouco se sabe sobre as doenças que se iniciam na vida adulta. O diagnóstico é feito por exclusão, e, quando possível, com auxílio de técnicas moleculares. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de doença autoinflamatória de início na vida adulta e a partir dele estabelecer fluxograma de auxílio ao diagnóstico.
Autoinflammatory diseases are rare inflammatory conditions whose immunopathology relies essentially on innate immunity. The majority of autoinflammatory diseases have their onset in childhood, but little is known about diseases that initiate in adulthood. Diagnosis is made by exclusion and with the aid of molecular techniques whenever possible. This article describes a case of autoinflammatory disease that started in adulthood, and aims to propose a flowchart to aid in the diagnosis of these conditions.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Fiebre Mediterránea Familiar , Colchicina , Enfermedades Autoinflamatorias Hereditarias , Inmunidad Innata , Terapéutica , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , DiagnósticoRESUMEN
Inter-individual heterogeneity in the response to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been partially attributed to host genetic background. The antiviral activity of the inflammasome cytoplasmic complex recognises viral molecular patterns and regulates immune responses via the activation of interleukin (IL)-1 family (IL-1, IL-18 and IL-33) members. The association between polymorphisms in the inflammasome receptors NLRP1 and NLRP3 and HTLV-1 infection was evaluated in a northeastern Brazilian population (84 HTLV-1 carriers and 155 healthy controls). NLRP3 rs10754558 G/G was associated with protection against HTLV-1 infection (p = 0.012; odds ratio = 0.37). rs10754558 affects NLRP3 mRNA stability; therefore, our results suggest that higher NLRP3 expression may augment first-line defences, leading to the effective protection against HTLV-1 infection.