Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas (CGE) powder as obturating material in primary molars / Avaliação clínica e radiográfica do pasta de curcumina Endoflas (CGE) como material obturador em molares decíduos

Background: Zinc oxide eugenol(ZOE) has long been the material of choice for obturating primary teeth,but it is resistant to resorption, might result in a deflected successor and has limited antibacterial efficacy. Curcuminpossessesanti-inflammatory and antimicrobialproperties which can be implied by its use as obturating material in primary teeth. Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas powderand Zinc oxide eugenol as obturating materials in primary molars. Material and methods: A total of 30 primary molars indicated for pulpectomy were selected from 4-9-yearold children and divided into two equal groups based on the obturating material used. Group 1- Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas powder(CGE) and Group 2- Zinc oxide eugenol(ZOE). The efficacy of these obturation materials was evaluatedboth clinically and radiographically. Follow-up was done after 1, 3 and 6months to evaluate clinical and radiographical success rates. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 21 using chisquare test. Results: At the end of the 6th month follow-up,there was 93.3% clinical success in Group 1 compared with 86.6% success in Group 2. Whereas, radiographically success reported was 100% with Group 1 and 93.3% with Group 2. The difference in the radiographic success rate between the two Groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the present study results, Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas powder can be considered as an alternative obturation material for treating deciduous molars with extensive involvement of pulp and periradicular tissues.(AU)

Fundamentação: O óxido de zinco eugenol (OZE) há muito tempo é o material de escolha para a obturação de dentes decíduos, mas é resistente à reabsorção, podendo resultar em um dente permanente desviado e tem eficácia antibacteriana limitada. A curcumina possui propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antimicrobianas que podem indicar seu emprego como material obturador em dentes decíduos. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a eficácia da pasta de curcumina Endoflas e do óxido de zinco eugenol como materiais obturadores em molares decíduos. Material e métodos: Um total de 30 molares decíduos indicados para pulpectomia foram selecionados entre crianças de 4 a 9 anos e divididos em dois grupos iguais, com base no material obturador utilizado. Grupo 1 - pasta de curcumina Endoflas (CGE) e Grupo 2- óxido de zinco eugenol (ZOE). A eficácia desses materiais de obturação foi avaliada clinicamente e radiograficamente. O acompanhamento foi realizado após 1, 3 e 6 meses para avaliar as taxas de sucesso clínico e radiográfico. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística no software SPSS versão 21, utilizando o teste quiquadrado. Resultados: No final do sexto mês de acompanhamento, houve 93,3% de sucesso clínico no Grupo 1 em comparação com 86,6% de sucesso no Grupo 2. Considerando que, o sucesso radiográfico relatado foi de 100% no Grupo 1 e 93,3% no Grupo 2. A diferença na taxa de sucesso radiográfico entre os dois grupos foi estatisticamente significante (P < 0,05). Conclusão: Com base nos resultados do presente estudo, a pasta de curcumina Endoflas pode ser considerada como um material de obturação alternativo para o tratamento de molares decíduos com amplo envolvimento de polpa e tecidos perirradiculares (AU)

Clinical Evaluation of Ghana Shyams TEFF (Telescopically Expanding Fixed Functional) Space Maintainer Versus Conventional Band and Loop Space Maintainer

Abstract Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of Ghana Shyam's TEFF space maintainer with band and loop space maintainer. Material and Methods: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted on 20 children (7-9 years), requiring bilateral/contralateral space maintenance therapy. After consent, all the selected children received both space maintainers and were followed up periodically every six months up to two years for clinical assessment according to the evaluation protocol. Instructions and motivation were given to the children. OHI (S) index was recorded before cementation of appliances. The following aspects were analyzed: 1) efficiency and function; 2) dislodgement due to cement loss; 3) breakage at soldered parts; 4) carious or gingival inflammation affecting abutment teeth; 5) distortion of band; 6) being embedded in gingival tissues / gingival slopping; and 7) initial and final S-OHIS scores. Statistical analysis was done using Fisher exact test for survival time and Chi-square test for chewing efficiency. Results: At 24th-month follow-up, 14 Ghana Shyam's TEFF space maintainers and 16 band and loop space maintainers were found to be intact. Conclusion: As both space maintainers demonstrated similar mean survival time Ghana Shyam's TEFF space maintainer with the added advantage of being functional can be recommended as an effective alternative to band and loop in premature loss of primary molar clinical situations.

Clinical Comparison of Eggshell Derived Calcium Hydroxyapatite with Dycal® as Indirect Pulp Capping Agents in Primary Molars

Abstract Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of eggshell derived calcium hydroxyapatite with Dycal® as indirect pulp capping material in primary molars. Material and Methods: A total of 32 carious primary molars from 22 children (6-10-years) were screened, of which 26 primary molars meeting inclusion criteria were selected and equally divided into two groups. At the first appointment, the infected dentin was excavated using a spoon excavator after treating the carious part with Carie-Care™ chemomechanical caries removal agent. After this, eggshell derived calcium hydroxyapatite in Group 1 and Dycal® in Group 2 were used as liners followed by restoration of the cavity with type IX glass ionomer cement. Clinical assessment for pain and radiographic assessment for measurement of the amount of reparative dentin thickness formation was performed at baseline, 8 weeks and 3 months. The data were subjected to statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Higher mean reparative dentin formation was found in eggshell derived calcium hydroxyapatite group than Dycal® group at the end of 8 weeks and 3 months and the difference was significant statistically (p<0.001). Conclusion: Eggshell derived calcium hydroxyapatite seems to be a suitable alternative to Dycal® (calcium hydroxide) that can be used as a liner for indirect pulp capping in primary molars.

Amniotic Membrane versus Formocresol as Pulpotomy Agents in Human Primary Molars: An in vivo Study

Objective: To determine and compare the efficacy of Amniotic Membrane (AM) as a pulpotomy agent with Formocresol (FC) clinically and radiographically. Material and Methods: 30 deciduous molars warranted for pulpotomy in 24 children (4-9 years) were divided equally into two groups of 15 each. Group1: Amniotic membrane pulpotomy and Group 2: Formocresol pulpotomy, which was followed by placement of glass ionomer cement and stainless steel crown restoration. The patients were recalled after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months for clinical and radiographic evaluation. Fisher's exact test and Mcnemar test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Results indicated both clinically and radiographically amniotic membrane performed at par with formocresol. Conclusion: Amniotic membrane with its regenerative, antibacterial properties and the ability to deliver growth factors has shown promising results comparable to gold standard formocresol when used as a pulpotomy agent and hence can be recommended as an alternative pulpotomy agent.

Comparative Reliability of Rugoscopy and Dactyloscopy for the Predilection of Malocclusion and Dental Caries in Children: A Cohort Study

Objective: To identify specific predominant rugoscopy and dactyloscopy patterns in children associated with malocclusion and dental caries for the predilection of malocclusion and dental caries. Material and Methods: 800 children between 8-16 years were screened and among them, 150 were who met inclusion criteria were selected and divided into 2 Groups. Based on Angle's malocclusion, Group 1 (n = 90) was subdivided into Group 1A (30 - Class I), 1B (30 - Class II) and 1C (30 - Class III). Based on DMFT, Group 2 (n = 60) were subdivided as Group 2A (30 - Caries free) and 2B (30 - Caries active). Both Groups had an equal distribution of boys and girls. Finger and palm prints were analyzed using Cummins and Midlo; rugae patterns were analyzed using Thomas and Kotze classification. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test. Results: Based on dermatoglyphics, predominant loop pattern was observed in all the subgroups of Group 1 (1A, 1B and 1C). Based on rugae pattern, predominant wavy pattern in Group 1A and curved pattern in both 1B and 1C were observed. In Group 2, loop dermatoglyphic pattern and wavy rugae pattern were predominant in Groups 2A and 2B. Atd angle was highest in Groups 1A (41.60) and 2B (42.36). Gender distribution showed curved pattern of palatal rugae in Group 2B (Caries active) females. Statistical significance was seen in dactyloscopy and rugoscopy patterns among both Group I and Group II (p<0.05). Conclusion: The curved rugae pattern in Group 1B and 1C can be considered as a predictor in Class II and Class III malocclusions. Gender differentiation showed predominant curved pattern in females of Group 2B (Caries active).