Research Progress on Association Between Oral Bacteria and Gastric Cancer / 肿瘤防治研究

Gastric cancer is one of the major types of cancer threatening human health worldwide. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, and patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The oral cavity is the second largest microbial pool after the intestine in the human body, and thus the relationship between oral bacteria and human health is attracting increasing interest. Oral bacteria are closely related to gastric cancer and potentially serve as noninvasive diagnostic screening biomarkers for the disease. Imbalance in and displacement of these bacteria can promote the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Hence, this article reviews the association between oral bacteria and gastric cancer, aiming to provide a basis for further elucidating the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and screening it early through noninvasive methods and serve as a reference for subsequent related research.

Pathogenesis and staging treatment for non-specific low back pain based on the meridian sinew theory / 中国针灸

Based on the physiological and pathological characteristics of meridian sinew theory, the staging treatment of non-specific low back pain (NLBP) is explored to provide the reference of clinical practice. The twelve meridian sinews of the human body communicate with the bones and joints of the whole body, which governs the movement, body protection and defense, and meridian regulation. Physiologically, the meridian sinew maintains the functions of the lumbar region. In pathology, the meridian sinew may encounter stasis and pain, contraction and spasm or "transverse collateral" formation. According to the pathological staging of meridian sinew disorders, the progress of NLBP is divided into 3 phases and the corresponding treatments are provided. Mild stimulation and rapid analgesia is suggested to promote tissue repair at the early phase; muscle spasm is relieved to adjust muscular status at the middle phase; and the "cord-like" muscle foci is removed at the later phase of the disease.

Enhanced recovery after surgery in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) measures have not been systematically applied in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study was performed on patients with BPH who required surgical intervention. From July 2019 to June 2020, the ERAS program was applied to 248 patients, and the conventional program was applied to 238 patients. After 1 year of follow-up, the differences between the ERAS group and the conventional group were evaluated. The ERAS group had a shorter time of urinary catheterization compared with the conventional group (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]: 1.0 ± 0.4 days vs 2.7 ± 0.8 days, P < 0.01), and the pain (mean ± s.d.) was significantly reduced through postoperative hospitalization days (PODs) 0-2 (POD 0: 1.7 ± 0.8 vs 2.4 ± 1.0, P < 0.01; POD 1: 1.6 ± 0.9 vs 3.5 ± 1.3, P < 0.01; POD 2: 1.2 ± 0.7 vs 3.0 ± 1.3, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of postoperative complications, such as postoperative bleeding (P = 0.79), urinary retention (P = 0.40), fever (P = 0.55), and readmission (P = 0.71). The hospitalization cost of the ERAS group was similar to that of the conventional group (mean ± s.d.: 16 927.8 ± 5808.1 Chinese Yuan [CNY] vs 17 044.1 ± 5830.7 CNY, P =0.85). The International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) scores in the two groups were also similar when compared at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after discharge. The ERAS program we conducted was safe, repeatable, and efficient. In conclusion, patients undergoing the ERAS program experienced less postoperative stress than those undergoing the conventional program.

Efficacy and safety of triple therapy containing berberine, amoxicillin, and vonoprazan for Helicobacter pylori initial treatment: A randomized controlled trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#With the development of traditional Chinese medicine research, berberine has shown good efficacy and safety in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of triple therapy containing berberine, amoxicillin, and vonoprazan for the initial treatment of H. pylori.@*METHODS@#This study was a single-center, open-label, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients with H. pylori infection were randomly (1:1:1) assigned to receive berberine triple therapy (berberine 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, vonoprazan 20 mg, A group), vonoprazan quadruple therapy (vonoprazan 20 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, colloidal bismuth tartrate 220 mg, B group), or rabeprazole quadruple therapy (rabeprazole 10 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, colloidal bismuth tartrate 220 mg, C group). The drugs were taken twice daily for 14 days. The main outcome was the H. pylori eradication rate. The secondary outcomes were symptom improvement rate, patient compliance, and incidence of adverse events. Furthermore, factors affecting the eradication rate of H. pylori were further analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 300 H. pylori-infected patients were included in this study, and 263 patients completed the study. An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed that the eradication rates of H. pylori in berberine triple therapy, vonoprazan quadruple therapy, and rabeprazole quadruple therapy were 70.0% (70/100), 77.0% (77/100), and 69.0% (69/100), respectively. The per-protocol (PP) analysis showed that the eradication rates of H. pylori in these three groups were 81.4% (70/86), 86.5% (77/89), and 78.4% (69/88), respectively. Both ITT analysis and PP analysis showed that the H. pylori eradication rate did not significantly differ among the three groups (P >0.05). In addition, the symptom improvement rate, overall adverse reaction rate, and patient compliance were similar among the three groups (P >0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The efficacy of berberine triple therapy for H. pylori initial treatment was comparable to that of vonoprazan quadruple therapy and rabeprazole quadruple therapy, and it was well tolerated. It could be used as one choice of H. pylori initial treatment.

Basic research of meridian-tendon based on fascia: review and prospects / 中国针灸

Meridian-tendon is a central concept in meridian theory of TCM, and its basic research has been increasingly emphasized. While there is no unified understanding of the essence of meridian-tendon, the concept that function of fascia could partially reflect the functions of meridian-tendons has reached consensus in the academic community. This article suggests that under the guidance of meridian-tendon theory, based on previous research foundation of fascia, focusing on adopting fascia research methods, the mechanisms of tender point hyperalgesia and abnormal proliferation related to meridian lesions should be adopted to explain yitong weishu (taking the worst painful sites of muscle spasm as the points), and the mechanisms of meridian intervention efficacy should be adopted to explain yizhi weishu (feelings from patients and acupuncture operators). Furthermore, this article provides an analysis of the future trends in basic research of meridian tendons.

Combination of acupuncture and medication for dry eye complicated with computer vision syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy of acupuncture, Chinese medication and combination of acupuncture and medication in the treatment of dry eye complicated with computer vision syndrome (CVS).@*METHODS@#A total of 152 patients with dry eye complicated with CVS were randomly divided into an acupuncture-medication group (38 cases, 1 case was removed), an acupuncture group (38 cases, 1 case dropped off), a Chinese medication group (38 cases, 1 case was removed), and a western medication group (38 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the western medication group, sodium hyaluronate eye drop combined with esculin and digitalis glycosides eye drop were used. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied at bilateral Taiyang (EX-HN 5)， Cuanzhu (BL 2), Fengchi (GB 20), Qimen (LR 14) , and Hegu (LI 4) etc., once a day. In the Chinese medication group, Yiqi Congming decoction formula ganule was given orally, one dose a day. In the acupuncture-medication group, acupuncture combined with Yiqi Congming decoction formula granule were used. All groups were treated for 14 d. The non-invasive first tear film break-up time (NIBUT f), non-invasive average tear film break-up time (NIBUT av), tear meniscus height (TMH), ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, and CVS symptom score were compared between the patients of each group before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the NIBUT f, NIBUT av, and TMH were increased compared with those before treatment in the patients of the 4 groups (P<0.01); the NIBUT f and NIBUT av in the acupuncture-medication group and the acupuncture group were higher than those in the Chinese medication group and the western medication group (P<0.05), and the TMH in the acupuncture-medication group and the Chinese medication group were higher than those in the acupuncture group and the western medication group (P<0.05). After treatment, the OSDI scores, the various scores and total scores of CVS (except for head symptom score in the western medication group) were decreased compared with those before treatment in the patients of the 4 groups (P<0.01). The OSDI score, total score, eye symptom score, and body symptom score of CVS in the acupuncture-medication group were lower than those in the acupuncture group, the Chinese medication group, and the western medication group (P<0.01, P<0.05), the head symptom score of the acupuncture-medication group was lower than that in the western medication group (P<0.05), and the CVS physical symptom scores and mental cognitive symptom scores of the acupuncture-medication group and the acupuncture group were lower than those in the Chinese medication group and the western medication group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture has advantages in improving NIBUT f, NIBUT av, and CVS physical symptoms and cognitive symptoms, and the Chinese medication has advantage in improving TMH. The combination of acupuncture and Chinese medication has better effects compared with monotherapy.

Construction of jingjin differentiation system based on holistic concept / 中国针灸

As a diagnostic method to guide the treatment of sinew/fascia diseases, jingjin (muscle regions of meridians) differentiation is an important component of syndrome differentiation system of acupuncture and moxibustion. In clinical practice, because of the limitations of the ideological guidance of the holistic view, the systemic and dialectical thinking and the syndrome element collection, the system of diagnosis and treatment of sinew/fascia diseases is not comprehensive. Through combing the origin of the holistic view of jingjin, the paper expounds the differentiation framework of sinew/fascia diseases from 4 aspects of differentiation, i.e. the location of disease, etiology, nature of disease and condition of disease. It suggests to construct jingjin differentiation system by taking the holistic ideas as the core, the syndrome element research as the common method and the evidence-based medicine as the theoretical basis so that the thinking of syndrome differentiation and the diagnostic approaches based on jingjin theory can be enriched.

Research progress of rapid surgery for hip fracture in elderly patients / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To review the research progress of rapid surgery for hip fracture in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#The published studies, expert consensus, and guidelines at home and abroad were systematically summarized from the aspects of the characteristics of aging population, the benefits of rapid surgery, the disadvantages of delayed surgery, and the recommendations of current guidelines, so as to further guide clinical practice.@*RESULTS@#Hip fracture is a common fracture type in the elderly population. As elderly patients generally have poor physique and often have a variety of underlying diseases, such as hypostatic pneumonia, bedsore, lower limb vein thrombosis, and other complications in conservative treatment, its disability rate and mortality are high, so surgical treatment is the first choice. At present, most relevant studies and expert consensus and guidelines at home and abroad support rapid surgery, that is, preoperative examination should be started immediately after admission, and adverse factors such as taking anticoagulant drugs, serious cardiovascular diseases, and severe anemia should be clearly and actively corrected, and surgery should be completed within 48 hours after admission as far as possible. Rapid surgery can not only significantly reduce the mortality of patients, but also reduce the length of hospital stay and the incidence of perioperative cognitive impairment, which is conducive to the recovery of patients with pain during hospitalization and postoperative function, and improve the prognosis of patients.@*CONCLUSION@#In order to avoid many problems caused by delayed surgery, the elderly patients with hip fracture should be operated as soon as possible under the condition of actively correcting the adverse factors. Comprehensive evaluation and preparation, the development of an individualized surgical plan, and the formation of a multidisciplinary medical team can reduce surgical risks and improve effectiveness.

Characteristics of clinical and neuroimage findings in patients with corticobasal syndrome / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimage characteristics in patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS), and to elucidate the exact diagnosis of CBS patients.Methods:Twelve CBS cases admitted to the Department of Neurology, Huashan Hosiptal,Fudan University from April 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Those data, including clinical features (demographic data and clinical characteristics of cortical dysfunction and movement disorder), neuropsychological assessment [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scales score], brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multi-mode positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, were collected and carefully reviewed. Exact diagnosis of these patients was given according to the disease diagnosis criteria.Results:Cortical dysfunction and asymmetrical movement disorders were found in all cases, with poor response to levodopa. Patients suffered from cognitive impairment (MMSE score 16.16±9.82, MoCA score 13.44±7.35). The cranial MRI demonstrated significant asymmetric atrophy of frontal and parietal lobes, especially in the pre- and post-central gyrus. Fluorodeoxyglucose PET of 12 patients showed asymmetric frontal lobe and basal ganglia (especially caudate and putamen) hypometabolism (obviously on the contralateral side of the affected limb). Tau PET was implemented in 11 patients and displayed that abnormal tau protein deposition was positive in the cortex and/or subcortex in all patients. Of the 4 cases, who completed amyloid PET, amyloid protein deposition was positive in the cortex of 2 patients. As a result, 6 patients were diagnosed as progressive supranuclear palsy, 1 patient was diagnosed as corticobasal degeneration, and 5 patients were diagnosed as Alzheimer′s disease.Conclusions:The etiology of CBS is heterogeneous. The combination of clinical manifestation, cranial MRI and multi-mode PET/CT helps the differential diagnosis of CBS.

Causal Relations between Exposome and Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study / 대한뇌졸중학회지

Background@#and Purpose To explore the causal relationships of elements of the exposome with ischemic stroke and its subtypes at the omics level and to provide evidence for stroke prevention. Methods We conducted a Mendelian randomization study between exposure and any ischemic stroke (AIS) and its subtypes (large-artery atherosclerotic disease [LAD], cardioembolic stroke [CE], and small vessel disease [SVD]). The exposure dataset was the UK Biobank involving 361,194 subjects, and the outcome dataset was the MEGASTROKE consortium including 52,000 participants. @*Results@#We found that higher blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP: odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.04; diastolic BP: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; pulse pressure: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.06), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.25), and diabetes (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.18) were significantly associated with ischemic stroke. Importantly, higher education (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.79) decreased the risk of ischemic stroke. Higher systolic BP (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.10), pulse pressure (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.14), diabetes (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.45), and coronary artery disease (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.00) could cause LAD. Atrial fibrillation could cause CE (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.71 to 2.11). For SVD, higher systolic BP (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.07), diastolic BP (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.12), and diabetes (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.36) were causal factors. @*Conclusions@#The study revealed elements of the exposome causally linked to ischemic stroke and its subtypes, including conventional causal risk factors and novel protective factors such as higher education.

Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Different Parts of Gentiana straminea Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveUltra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was used to analyze the chemical constituents in the aerial part and roots of Gentiana straminea from different areas of Qinghai province， and the main chromatographic peaks and differential components of different parts were identified. MethodThe chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） as the mobile phase for gradient elution （0-1 min， 1%-13%B； 1-5 min， 13%-18%B； 5-7 min， 18%-50%B； 7-9.5 min， 50%-60%B； 9.5-11 min， 60%-99%B； 11-14 min； 99%B； 14-15 min， 99%-1%B； 15-16 min， 1%B）， the column temperature at 40 ℃， and the flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1. Electrospray ionization （ESI） and negative ion full scan mode were selected for the mass spectrometric conditions to analyze the samples， and the detection range was m/z 50-1 200. Chemical constituents of the aerial part were qualitatively analyzed with the reference substances， literature information and ChemSpider. Principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were used to analyze the classification trend， correlation and differential chemical components between aerial part and roots of G. straminea. ResultA total of 68 components， including 24 iridoids， 13 flavonoids， 8 triterpenoids， 6 xanthones， 5 fatty acids， 4 saccharides， 3 phenolic glycosides， 2 alkaloids， 2 sterols and 1 lignan， were preliminarily identified from the aerial part of G. straminea. Among them， 42 components were firstly reported in 4 Gentiana species included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Eight differential components were screened out， namely sucrose， maltotriose， loganic acid， shanzhiside methyl ester， 6′-O-β-D-glucosylgentiopicroside， swertiamarin， gentiopicrin and isovitexin. ConclusionThe aerial part of G. straminea is rich in chemical constituents and has good medicinal potential. There were significant differences in the chemical components between the aerial part and roots of G. straminea， and the main differential components were iridoids， which could provide a basis for exploring efficacy differences in different parts of G. straminea.

Progress of Research on Risk Factors Associated With Primary Bile Reflux / 胃肠病学

Bile reflux (BR) can promote the development of chronic gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. Secondary bile reflux (SBR) develops after pylorectomy or pylorus changed by gastrectomy or subtotal gastrectomy. Primary bile reflux (PBR) develops without surgery of stomach and is a very common phenomenon. This article reviewed the progress of research on risk factors associated with PBR.

Laparoscopic circular stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis using novel device of sealed cap access after total laparoscopic gastrectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Intracorporeal classic gastrointestinal anastomosis using circular stapler in totally laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) for gastric cancer requires intracorporeal anvil placement and suitable access for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity without gas leak. The novel techniques for anvil placement have been updated, but there is no progress for proper access for circular stapler. In the study, intracorporeal circular-stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis were successfully accomplished using a novel device of sealed cap access with a central hole (WLB-60/70-60/100, Wuhan Widerep Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd, China) customized to the incision protection retractor for the simple and accessible introduction of the circular stapler and anvil under the optimal maintenance of pneumoperitoneum pressure in TLG. In these 3 cases, there was no gas leakage and the pneumoperitoneum was well maintained when performing the gastrointestinal anastomosis, and there was no transition to laparotomy or other anastomosis techniques. The result suggests that the sealed cap access could be a novel choice for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity in order to obtain laparoscopic circular-stapled gastroin-testinal anastomosis in TLG.

Clinical characteristics of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimaging characteristics and their associations with prognosis in cerebral amyloid angiopathy(CAA)-related inflammation (CAA-ri).Methods:Seventeen patients with CAA-ri, 59 patients with CAA-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and 15 patients with CAA-related cognitive decline were recruited from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from November 2015 to May 2020 and the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2018 to May 2020. Vascular risk factors and imaging features of cerebral small vessel disease were compared among three groups. Clinical manifestations, CSF results, lesion features on magnetic resonance imaging, treatment options and follow-up data were collected in patients with CAA-ri. The good prognosis was defined by clinical and radiographic improvement with no disease recurrence. The associations between clinical characteristics and the immunosuppressive therapy or the good prognosis were analyzed by binary Logistic regression models.Results:Patients with CAA-ri showed earlier disease onset [(61.5±11.7) years vs (70.9±8.6) years, t=9.428, P=0.001] and more lobar cerebral microbleeds [69.0 (43.5, 134.3) vs 10.0 (5.0, 59.0), H=3.363, P=0.002] compared to patients with CAA-ICH, and higher prevalence of male (14/17 vs 6/15, χ2=6.099, P=0.014) and lower white matter hyperintensity Fazekas score [4.0 (2.0, 6.0) vs 6.0 (5.0, 6.0), H=2.461, P=0.042] compared to patients with CAA-related cognitive decline. In patients with CAA-ri, the immunosuppressive therapy was positively correlated with CSF protein>600 mg/L (odds ratio 16.50, 95% confidence interval 1.09-250.18, P=0.043), and during a follow-up of (3.0±1.9) years, the good prognosis was positively correlated with CSF protein<1 000 mg/L plus immunosuppressive therapy (odds ratio 20.00, 95% confidence interval 1.39-287.60, P=0.028). Conclusions:CAA-ri is a special subtype of CAA with earlier disease onset and higher prevalence of hemorrhagic imaging makers compared to CAA-ICH and CAA-related cognitive decline. CAA-ri patients with normal or slightly elevated CSF protein receiving immunosuppressive therapy are more likely to have good prognosis.

Effects of cortical comminution following femoral neck fracture on fixation with femoral neck system in young adults / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of cortical comminution on therapeutic outcomes and postoperative complications in young patients with femoral neck fracture after fixation with femoral neck system (FNS).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 86 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been treated by FNS fixation from January 2020 to December 2020 at Department of Hip Orthopaedic Trauma, Tianjin Hospital. Of them, 41 had cortical comminution at the fracture ends of the femoral neck. They were 16 males and 25 females with a mean age of 53.0 (40.5, 57.0) years. The other 45 patients had intact cortical bone at the fracture ends of the femoral neck. They were 21 males and 24 females with a mean age of 55.0 (44.5, 62.5) years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of incidence of postoperative complications, Harris hip score, Barthel index and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score after 6-month follow-up.Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in baseline data or reduction mode except for fracture classification, showing comparability between groups ( P>0.05). In the cortical comminution group, the incidences of nonunion [17.1%(7/41)] and femoral neck shortening [29.3%(12/41)] were significantly higher than those in the cortical intact group [0% (0/45) and 11.1% (5/45)], the Harris hip score and Barthel index [82.0 (72.5, 91.5) points and 100.0 (90.0, 100.0)] at 6 months postoperatively were significantly lower than those in the cortical intact group [94.0 (88.0, 98.0) points and 100.0 (100.0, 100.0)], the VAS pain score [1.5 (0, 4.5) points] was significantly higher than that in the cortical intact group [0 (0, 1.0) points] (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in osteonecrosis of the femoral head or internal fixation failure ( P> 0.05). Conclusions:Cortical comminution following femoral neck fracture is a major risk factor for post-operative complications after FNS fixation, because it may seriously affect the recovery of hip function and quality of life in young patients.

Application value of dual-source CT in the component analysis of urinary calculi in children / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the application value of dual-source CT in detecting the components of urinary calculi in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 433 children treated for urinary calculi in the Urological Center, People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from March 2018 to January 2021 was performed in parallel with dual-source CT examination. The data was processed by the post-processing workstation and the stone composition was analyzed. The analysis results were compared with the results of infrared spectroscopy, and the accuracy of dual-source CT analysis of stones and the predictive value of dual-source CT various measurement indexes for the types of stones were compared. The measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( Mean± SD), and the comparison of the measurement indexes of each stone type [average CT value, dual energy difference, dual energy ratio and dual energy index (DEI)] were compared by One-way Anova analysis of variance. Draw receiver operator characteristic curve and calculate the area under the curve (AVC), then evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each index. Results:Dual-source CT detected 282 calcium oxalate stones, 238 calcium phosphate stones, 39 uric acid stones and 7 cystine stones. Compared with the results of infrared spectroscopy, the accuracy rates of dual-source for calcium oxalate stones and hydroxyapatite stones were 84.2% and 81.8%, respectively. Both uric acid stones and cystine stones were accurately detected. In addition, dual energy difference, dual energy ratio, and DEI have reliable predictive value for calcium oxalate stones and calcium phosphate stones, especially dual energy ratio and DEI, both AUC>0.75.Conclusion:Using advanced post-processing analysis methods, dual-source CT can reliably analyze the components of children′s urinary tract stones, and provide a reference for choosing personalized treatment plans.

Difference of musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging of focus of knee joint tendon between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy subjects / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the imaging features of focus of knee joint tendon in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) technique.@*METHODS@#One hundred KOA patients and 100 healthy subjects were included. All the KOA patients were palpated by the sequence of foot @*RESULTS@#The top-5 focus of knee tendon of KOA patients were located in medial inferior patella, medial tibial condyle, inferior patella, Zusanlici and Hedingci. The thickness of ligaments and tendons in extension and flexion positions in KOA patients were thicker than that in healthy subjects (@*CONCLUSION@#The focus of knee joint tendon in KOA patients shows significantly thickened musculoskeletal imaging features.

Acupuncture combined with / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy of acupuncture combined with @*METHODS@#A total of 180 children with cerebral palsy were randomly divided into a combined group (60 cases, 2 cases dropped off), an acupuncture group (60 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a Chinese medication group (60 cases, 5 cases dropped off). On the basis of conventional treatment, the children in the combined group were treated with acupuncture [Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), 30 min each time, twice a day] and @*RESULTS@#The total effective rate was 91.4% (53/58) in the combined group, which was higher than 80.4% (45/56) in the acupuncture group and 78.2% (43/55) in the Chinese medication group (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture combined with

Role of Blood Pressure Management in Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 93 Randomized Controlled Trials / 대한뇌졸중학회지

Background@#and Purpose The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of different blood pressure (BP)-lowering strategies. @*Methods@#Randomized controlled trials that compared various antihypertensive treatments and stroke outcomes were included. Eligible trials were categorized into three scenarios: single or combination antihypertensive agents against placebos; single or combination agents against other agents; and different BP-lowering targets. The primary efficacy outcome was the risk reduction pertaining to strokes. The tolerability outcome was the withdrawal of drugs, owing to drug-related side effects (PROSPERO registration number CRD42018118454 [20/12/2018]). @*Results@#The present study included 93 trials (average follow-up duration, 3.3 years). In the pairwise analysis, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and beta-blockers (BBs) were inferior to calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (odds ratio [OR], 1.123; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.008 to 1.252) (OR, 1.261; 95% CI, 1.116 to 1.425) for stroke prevention, BB was inferior to angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) (OR, 1.361; 95% CI, 1.142 to 1.622), and diuretics were superior to ACEi (OR, 0.871; 95% CI, 0.771 to 0.984). The combination of ACEi+CCB was superior to ACEi+diuretic (OR, 0.892; 95% CI, 0.823 to 0.966). The network meta-analysis confirmed that diuretics were superior to BB (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.58), ACEi+diuretic (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.08), BB+CCB (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.05 to 3.79), and renin inhibitors (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.75) for stroke prevention. Regarding the tolerability profile, the pairwise analysis revealed that ACEi was inferior to CCB and less tolerable, compared to the other treatments. @*Conclusions@#Monotherapy using diuretics, CCB, or ARB, and their combinations could be employed as first-line treatments for stroke prevention in terms of efficacy and tolerability.

Clinical characteristics analysis of adult femoral neck fracture: a retrospective hospital-based study / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with femoral neck fracture in Tianjin Hospital.Methods:Data of femoral neck fracture patients discharged from Tianjin Hospital from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The gender, age, fracture type, injury mechanism and treatment method were collected.Results:Total of 2,150 eligible patients including 736 males and 1414 females were selected. There were significant differences in the gender distribution in different age groups ( χ2=91.63, P<0.001). Among young patients, males were more than females, while among middle-aged and elderly patients, females were more than males. The main type of fracture was displaced type (75.56%, 1,646/2,150), the displaced rate was the lowest in young patients (55.17%, 64/116), while it was the highest in old patients (81.91%, 1,159/1,415). The main injury mechanism of the three age groups were falls [young 61.21% (71/116), middle 80.29% (497/619), eldly 91.24% (1,291/1,415)]. There was a significant difference in the treatment methods between different age groups ( χ2=1,057.11, P<0.001). The main treatment method for young and middle-aged patients was internal fixation, no matter whether the fracture was displaced or not. The proportion of undisplaced patients with internal fixation (86.22%, 169/196) was higher than that of displaced patients with internal fixation (62.88%, 266/423) in middle-aged group ( χ2=34.93, P<0.001). In the elderly, more patients used internal fixation in undisplaced group, while more patients used hemiarthroplasty in displaced group. The age of old femoral neck fracture (median age was 74) was older than that of fresh fracture (median age was 70) ( Z=-2.777, P=0.005). And the displaced rate of patients with old femoral neck fracture (92.41%, 73/79) was higher than that of the fresh ones (75.95%, 1,573/2,071)( χ2=11.48, P=0.001). The patients with old femoral neck fracture usually adopt total hip replacement, while the proportion of three kinds of operation (internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty, total hip replacement) were similar among the fresh ones, and the internal fixation was the most. Conclusion:Femoral neck fracture is the most common in elderly women. The patients with displaced fracture are more than that with undisplaced fracture. Falling is the main injury mechanism in both young and old people. Internal fixation is commonly used in young and middle-aged patients, while arthroplasty is often used in elderly patients.