Efficacy of Moxifloxacin against in Zebrafish Model / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Moxifloxacin (MFX) shows good activity against and can be a possible antibiotic therapy to treat infection; however, other studies have shown a lower or no activity. We aimed to evaluate MFX activity against using zebrafish (ZF) model .@*Methods@#A formulation of labeled with CM-Dil was micro-injected into ZF. Survival curves were determined by recording dead ZF every day. ZF were lysed, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated. Bacteria dissemination and fluorescence intensity in ZF were analyzed. Inhibition rates of MFX and azithromycin (AZM, positive control) were determined and compared.@*Results@#Significantly increased survival rate was observed with different AZM concentrations. However, increasing MFX concentration did not result in a significant decrease in ZF survival curve. No significant differences in bacterial burdens by CFU loads were observed between AZM and MFX groups at various concentrations. Bacterial fluorescence intensity in ZF was significantly correlated with AZM concentration. However, with increasing MFX concentration, fluorescence intensity decreased slightly when observed under fluorescence microscope. Transferring rates at various concentrations were comparable between the MFX and AZM groups, with no significant difference.@*Conclusion@#MFX showed limited efficacy against using ZF model. Its activity needs to be confirmed.

Clinical effect of minimally invasive technique on the treatment of osteoporotic humeral shaft fractures in elderly patients with locking plates / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical effect of minimally invasive technique combined with locking plates for the treatment of osteoporotic humeral shaft fractures in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#From July 2012 to December 2016, 26 patients were treated by minimally invasive technique combined with the locking plate for osteoporotic humeral shaft fractures, including 10 males and 16 females, ranging in age from 61 to 81 years old, with an average of 70.3 years old. The T-score of mean bone density was -2.74. All 26 patients had closed fractures, including 6 cases of type A, 7 cases of type B and 13 cases of type C. All patients were followed up for 12 months after surgery, and the Constant shoulder joint score and Mayo elbow score were calculated before surgery and 12 months after surgery.@*RESULTS@#All 26 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 16 months, with an average of 13.2 months. All fractures healed within 16 weeks, with an average healing time of 14.3 weeks. The average Constant shoulder joint score before surgery and 12 months after surgery was 54.61±2.09, 88.50±2.47. The average score of Mayo elbow joint before surgery and 12 months after surgery was 58.19±2.74, 90.30±2.16.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The shoulder and elbow joint function of elderly patients with osteoporotic humeral fractrues treated with minimally invasive technology combined with locking plate recovered well postoperatively. It is an effective method for the treatment of osteoporotic humeral shaft fractures in elderly patients.

Test result analysis on IgM antibody determination in 367 cases of suspected measles in Changshu City / 上海预防医学

[Objective]To analyze the IgM antibody detection results for suspected cases of measles from2013 to 2016 in Changshu City, in order to provide basis for formulation of strategies of prevention and control of measles. [Methods] The serum samples of 367 suspected measles cases were detected for measles IgM by enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA) methods. [Results] The serum samples of 246 suspected measles cases were measles IgM positive, the positive rate being 67.03％. The number of cases of measles obviously increased in 2015 and 2016, and the paroxysm of measles tended to occur in the population of low and older ages, showing dipolar pattern. The differences of IgM antibody between different age groups had statistical significance (χ2= 27.03, P < 0.01). Measles broke out mainly from March to August, when there were obvious differences on the positivity of IgM antibody detected at different times after rash occurrence (χ2= 13.62, P < 0.01). [Conclusion] Measles immunization should be enhanced and measles vaccination replenished properly. It is also necessary to raise the rate of measles vaccination among children of suitable age within the jurisdiction. Strengthen monitoring on measles in floating population, enhance vaccine replanting and revaccination of measles in floating population, adult and fertile women and enhance immune level in high incidence population.

Unilateral external fixation assisted with closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of comminuted fracture of femoral shaft / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the use of single arm external fixation assisted reduction and closed complex intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of femoral shaft fracture operation method and to study its effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2008 to October 2012, 24 patients with femoral shaft fractures were treated with unilateral external fixation assisted by closed reduction, interlocking intramedullary nail fixation. Among the patients, 19 patients were male and 5 patients were female, ranging in aged from 20 to 68 years,with an average of 45.6 years old. The fracture was caused by traffic accidents in 14 cases, by falling in 6 cases, by heavy bruising in 4 cases. Admission diagnosis was femoral shaft fracture. Operation was performed after traction from tibial tubercle for about 1 week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with a mean of 16.2 months. The X-ray showed fracture healing time ranging from 11 to 17 weeks, with an average of 13.8 weeks. All fractures healed without nails broken or close joint dysfunction. According to femoral shaft efficacy evaluation standards, 23 patients got an excellent result, 1 good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Unilateral fixator assisted closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of femoral shaft fracture has following advantages: less trauma, simple operation, effective reduction, high rate of fracture healing, and low complication rate.</p>

Clinical application of blocking screws and rooting technique in the treatment of distal tibial fracture with interlocking intramedullary nail / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the clinical method of blocking screws and rooting technique in the treatment of distal tibial fracture with interlocking intramedullary nails.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2006 to March 2011, 26 patients with distal tibial fracture were treated with interlocking intramedullary nails using blocking screws and rooting technique, included 18 males and 8 females with an average age of 46.2 years old ranging from 24 to 64 years. According to AO classification: 10 cases of type A1, 4 cases of type A2, 8 cases of type B1, 4 cases of type B2. The average distance of the fractures end to the ankle joint was 85 mm ranging from 55 to 125 mm, the mean time between injured and operation was 4.5 days. The patients were evaluated with pain, range of motion, walking.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases were followed-up for 6 to 22 months (averaged 15 months). According to Iowa ankle joint grading system,the score was improved from preoperative (66.8 +/- 8.2) to postoperative (94.6 +/- 4.8). All fractures had united, and got satisfactory reduction and stable fixation with no complications had happen such as breakage of screw.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fixation with interlocking intramedullary nail using blocking screws and rooting technique in treating distal tibial fracture, is a safe and effective technique for the improvement of stability.</p>

Role of oxidative glutamate toxicity in secondary brain injury following brain trauma / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To study the contribution of oxidative glutamate toxicity in rat brain after experimental traumatic brain injury. Methods The brain injury of the rats was induced with a free dropping impact. Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, traumatic group and D609 treatment group. D609 was administered via intracerebroventricular infusion 30min before brain trauma. 24h post-injury, water content and glutathione (GSH) concentration were evaluated, and histopathological changes were observed. Results GSH levels in D609 treatment group were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01), but significantly higher than that of traumatic group (P<0.01). Compared with traumatic group, brain water content in D609 treated rats was decreased obviously (P<0.01), but was remained higher than that of control group (P<0.01). TUNEL staining showed that most neurons were TUNEL-positive in the injured hippocampus in traumatic group, but less were observed in D609 treatment group, and few were found in control group. Conclusion Oxidative glutamate toxicity is one of the important mechanisms involved in secondary brain injury following brain trauma, and contributes a lot to the injury.