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Objective To construct a model of Graves'disease ( GD ) with ( or ) Graves'ophthalmopathy ( GO) in BALB/c mice by immunization with pcDNA3. 1/TSHR289. Methods pcDNA3. 1/TSHR289 was injected into the bilateral gastrocnemius muscle of 35 model mice and electroporation was immediately performed. 10 control mice were injected with sterile saline and electroporated, while 5 blank mice were injected with sterile saline only. Each group of mice was immunized at 1, 4, 7, and 10 weeks, respectively. Serum total T4 , TSH, TSAb, and TSBAb were measured before immunization, 2 weeks after each immunization, as well as 5 and 8 weeks after the last immunization. CT scan was used to evaluate the morphological changes of the eyes of the mice.99m TcO4- imaging was used to measure the thyroid uptake function, and the pathological changes of the thyroid and orbital tissues were evaluated by HE staining. Results After the 2nd time immunization, the serum concentrations of TT4 , TSAb and TSBAb in GD mice were significantly higher than those of control and blank groups( F=13.781, 31.435, 36.112, P<0.01, respectively).The TSH continued to be significantly lower than that of control and blank groups(F=13.966, P<0.01) . After the 4th time immunizations, the ability of uptaking99m TcO4- in GD mice thyroid was significantly enhanced compared with the control group. The thyroid goiter with a large amount of lymphocyte infiltration, and the thyroid follicle was thin. CT scan of GO mice showed thickening and swelling of the extraocular muscles, and no abnormalities in tendon and muscle attachment points. HE staining showed thickening of extraocular muscle fibers, lymphocyte infiltration of extraocular muscles and orbital tissue, increased hyaluronic acid, and infiltration of fat cells. Conclusion GD or GO model can be successfully induced by multiple intramuscular injection of pcDNA3.1/TSHR289 in BALB/c mice.
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Objective To evaluate the value of surface shaded reconstruction (SSD) of CT scanning on developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods Unilateral DDH in 39 cases was examined with Picker 2000S spiral CT to perform SSD of the affected pelvis. All patients were females with the age ranging from 3.5 to 8 years old (average 4.25 years). Of 39 cases, 22 cases were complete dislocation the hip, 17 cases were subluxation of the hip. The measurement on SSD included of the depth and surface area of normal and affected acetabulum; the distances from the lowest point of the bottom of the acetabulum (O point) to the anterior end (A point) of the lateral margin of anterior acetabular column (OA), the middle point (B point) of the acetabular roof (OB) and the posterior end (C point) of lateral margin of the posterior acetabular column (OC). Results In normal hip, the medial and lateral margin of the acetabular roof was overlapping, and in DDH, a bony defect was found in the lateral acetabular margin in three-dimensional CT scanning. The depth of the dysplastic hip with subluxation and the normal hip was (21.25?1.25)mm and (23.89?1.56)mm respectively with significant difference(P
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Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in tumor of soft tissue. Methods The MRI manifestations of 180 soft tissue tumors dating from October 2001 to August 2004 were retrospectively analyzed, they were all confirmed by pathology. All cases were examined with Picker 0.23 T MRI. Fast spin echo(FSE)T1 and T2-weighted sequences and short tau inversion recovery (STIR/TSHIRT) fat-suppressed sequences were commonly used. MR examinations were performed at least in two of coronal, sagittal, axial planes. Of 180 cases, there were 62 vascular tumors, 34 giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, 26 neural tumors, 23 lipomas, 18 fibrous tumors; 17 malignant tumors including 7 of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH), 3 of malignant lymphomas, 2 of liposarcoma and one each of chondrosarcoma, myofibrosarcoma, melanoma, facial sarcoma and leiomyosarcaoma. 10 cases were of tumor-like lesions, including 2 of myositis ossificans, 8 of fat necrosis. GCT of tendon sheath (33/34 cases), hemangiomas (23/52 cases) were common in hands and feet. MFH often involved legs and upper arms(4/7 cases, 3/7 cases). The tumors in the groin were mainly malignant(4/5 cases). Results The ratio of benign to malignant tumors was 9∶1. Tumors showed isointensity or hypointensity in T1WI and hyperintensity or mainly hyperintensity but mixed signal in T2WI. The diameter of benign tumors was 1-18 cm, the malignant was 4-10 cm. The tumors were lobulated, oblong or irregular in shape. 12 invaded to bone, 28 involved to neurovascular system. Some body parts were easily involved because of different histologic component. Conclusion The MRI for soft tissue tumors is highly sensitive. The location and some characteristical signs are useful for diagnosis, whereas the size of the lesion, the degree of border smoothness and the signal intensity are not certain for the diagnosis.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of helical CT surface shaded display (SSD) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images in diagnosing the acetabular fractures. Methods According to the anatomical basis of "Y" type cartilage in children acetabulum, adult acetabulum was divided into "two columns" the anterior and posterior column and "four walls"the anterior, posterior, medial and roof walls, so as to define the localization, type, interface and union of fractures accurately. Results From 1999 to 2001, 68 cases of acetabluar fractures were reviewed. Of 68 cases, 28 cases were diagnosed as complex double columns and three walls (anterior, posterior and interior wall respectively) fracture, 7 cases as complex single column (anterior column) and three walls (anterior, posterior and interior wall) fracture, 5 as complex single column (anterior column) and two walls (anterior and interior wall) fracture, 21 as simple posterior wall fracture, 7 as simple anterior wall. In this group, 21 complex double columns and three walls fractures, 7 complex single column and three walls fractures, 5 complex single column and two walls fractures, 15 simple posterior wall fractures, 3 simple anterior wall fractures had reduction and internal fixed with plates or absorbable screws; another 7 complex double columns and three walls fractures, 6 simple posterior wall fractures, 4 simple anterior wall fractures were treated with traction reduction because the separation and displacement of their fragments were not significant. Using ?2 statistical analysis,there was a significant difference between the X-ray film and SSD and MPR in demonstrating the numbers and types. Conclusion SSD and MPR reconstruction imagines are of instructive importance in sufficient evaluation, operative preparation and appropriate instrumentation of internal fixation. In the management of acbtabular fracture, plates are needed to stabilize the fracture involved the anterior or posterior column, while the fragments of anterior or posterior wall are only fixed with screws, small fragments could be removed in order to avoid forming loose body. Therefore, SSD and MPR are the regular and important method in preoperative examination of complex acetabular fracture and dislocation.