Efficacy of Fuzheng Huayu Tablets for Treating Pulmonary Inflammation in COVID-19 Patients / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy and safety of Fuzheng Huayu tablets （FHT） for treating pulmonary inflammation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19）. MethodA total of 70（4 cases were lost to follow-up, and 66 cases were finally completed） COVID-19 patients were recruited from February 1 to April 15 in 2020. They were assigned to a control group （35 patients） and a FHT group （31 patients）. The patients in the control group received routine treatment alone and those in the FHT group received FHT in addition to routine treatment. The primary outcome was the ratio of patients showing improvement in chest computed tomographic manifestations after 14 days. The secondary outcome measures included remission rate or progression rate of critical illness， clinical remission rate of respiratory symptoms， routine blood examination， C-reactive protein （CPR） level， procalcitonin （PCT） level， and blood oxygen saturation （SPO2）. The safety was assessed based on liver and kidney functions and adverse events. ResultAfter the 14-day treatment， the ratio of patients showing improvement in the FHT group （100%） was higher than that in the control group （77.1%） （χ2=8.063，P<0.01）. The ratio of disease stages after treatment showed no significant difference between two groups. In the FHT group， the symptoms including cough， dyspnea， and fatigue were alleviated after treatment （P<0.01）. In the control group， the symptoms including fever， cough， and dyspnea were alleviated （P<0.01）， while the fatigue was not relieved after treatment. No significant difference was observed in the clinical symptoms between the two groups after treatment. After treatment， the FHT group showed decreased white blood cell （WBC） count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） （P<0.01）， elevated platelet （PLT） level （P<0.05）， lowered CRP level （P<0.05）， and no significant difference in lymphocyte （LYM）， hemoglobin （Hb）， SPO2 or PCT level. The control group showed decreased NLR （P<0.05） and WBC count （P<0.01）， elevated PCT level （P<0.05）， and no significant change in LYM， Hb， PLT， SPO2 or CRP level after treatment. Furthermore， the FHT group had higher PLT level than the control group （P<0.05） after treatment， and other indicators had no significant differences between the two groups. The liver and kidney functions had no significant difference between the two groups after treatment. ConclusionFHT can safely promote the absorption of acute pulmonary inflammation in COVID-19 patients.

Molecular Mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Agrimoniae Herba in Treatment of Arrhythmia Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the material basis and mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma （NRER）-Agrimoniae Herba （AH）， the herbal pair effective in regulating the liver， invigorating Qi， and calming palpitations， in the treatment of premature ventricular contractions （PVCs） by network pharmacology and molecular docking. MethodThe chemical components and targets of NRER and AH were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） combined with relevant literature. GeneCards，Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man（OMIM），and DrugBank were used to predict the potential targets against PVCs. STRING platform was used for protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis. Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment analysis. Cytoscape 3.8.0 was used to construct the NRER-AH component-potential target-signaling pathway network. The main target proteins underwent molecular docking to the active components of NRER-AH by AutoDock 4.2.6. ResultThe targets of nine active components in NRER-AH （such as quercetin，kaempferol，and acacetin） against PVCs mainly involved tumor necrosis factor （TNF），mitogen-activated protein kinase 1（MAPK1），and protein kinase B1（Akt1）. The potential targets were mainly enriched in 26 signaling pathways，such as pathways in cancer and the advanced glycosylation end product （AGE）-receptor of advanced glycosylation end product（RAGE） signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that the majority of the active components （92.59%） of NRER-AH had good binding activities with the main target proteins TNF，MAPK1，and Akt1. ConclusionThe active components of NRER-AH can regulate cardiac ion channels，resist inflammation， and combat oxidative stress to treat PVCs through multi-target and multi-pathway interventions. They can also improve symptoms related to depression and anxiety by inhibiting monoamine oxidase activity and protecting nerves from damage. This study is expected to provide research ideas and the theoretical basis for further exploring the material basis and mechanism of NRER-AH in the treatment of PVCs.

Analysis of liver function and myocardial enzyme level of 395 cases with infantile rotavirus enteritis / 中国基层医药

Objective To detect the damage incidence rate of liver and myocardium in infantile rotavirus (RV) enteritis.And to provide the basis for prevention and cure of liver and myocardium damage in infantile RV enteritis.Methods The liver function and myocardial enzyme detection results of 395 patients with infantile RV enteritis were collected .These results were compared with those of 40 healthy kids from health examinations . Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) , aspartate amino transferase ( AST ) , serum creatine kinase (CK) and serum creatine kinase isozyme(CK-MB) from infantile patients were (34.49 ±29.13)U/L,(52.44 ± 24.10)U/L,(141.75 ±132.22)U/L and (48.69 ±32.53)U/L,respectively,which were higher than those of the healthy control [(16.00 ±3.24)U/L,(29.90 ±3.76)U/L,(101.82 ±64.56)U/L and (22.32 ±8.98)U/L,t=4.008,5.901,3.982,5.64,all P<0.05].The abnormal occurrence rates of ALT ,AST,CK and CK-MB in infantile patients were 19.49％,73.16％,12.15％,73.16％,respectively,which were higher than those in healthy controls (2.50％,20.00％,0.00％,0.00％),the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =7.128,47.397,5.464, 300.239,all P<0.05).The incidence rates of liver and myocardium damage were 19.49％and 73.16％,respectively. Conclusion There are higher incidence rates of liver and myocardium damage in infantile RV enteritis .So for the infantile RV enteritis patients ,it is necessary to detect the liver function and myocardial enzyme level .The treatment for infantile RV enteritis should be included liver and myocardial protection except antivirus and correcting dehydration .

Value of CT angiography in reducing the risk of hemorrhage associated with mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy

ABSTRACTPurpose:To evaluate the clinical value of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in reducing the risk of hemorrhage associated with mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Materials and Methods:A total of 158 patients with renal or ureter stones who had undergone mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy were retrospectively enrolled into this study from May of 2011 to April of 2014. Group 1 (65 patients) underwent computed tomography angiography, and Group 2 (93 patients) underwent non-contrast CT. The clinical characteristics of the patients and hemorrhagic complications were recorded. The hematologic complications (transfusion rate, and preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin values) were assessed.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in age, body mass index(BMI), stone diameter, operative time, stone-free rate, and hospital stay between the 2 groups. In group 2, 1 patient (1.1%) developed a renal arteriovenous fistula and was treated with embolus therapy. In addition, Group 2 showed significantly drop in hemoglobin (3.6 g/dL vs. 2.4 g/dL, respectively; P <0.001) and more transfusions (9.7% vs. 1.5%, respectively; P <0.05) compared with Group 1.Conclusion:The study showed that patients who underwent computed tomography angiography prior to percutaneous nephrolithotomy had lower drop of hemoglobin and needed less transfusions. These findings may suggest that the use of computed tomography angiography may reduce the risk of bleeding during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

The changes and clinical significance of routine blood test in infants with rotavirus enteritis / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of routine blood test in infants with rotavirus enteritis.Methods The white blood cell count (WBC),the platelet parameters (PLT),the platelet volume (MPV)and the platelet distribution width (PDW)were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer respectively in 314 infants with rotavirus enteritis before and after the therapy for 5 -7 days.The C -reactive protein (CRP)was also detected,then made comparison with the normal control group (40 cases).Results The WBC (10.77 ±4.20)× 109 /L,PLT(330.02 ±117.70)×109 /L,MPV(8.46 ±2.15)fL in the infants with rotavirus enteritis were higher than the WBC(7.69 ±2.06)×109 /L,PLT(298.45 ±57.19)×109 /L and MPV(7.52 ±0.85)fL in the control group before the therapy.The differences were statistically significant (t value =4.569,1.670,2.746,P =0.000, 0.000 and 0.047).The WBC(7.76 ±2.83)×109 /L and CRP(5.18 ±5.82)mg/L in the infants with rotavirus enteritis after the therapy were lower than the WBC(10.77 ±4.20)×109 /L and CRP(7.70 ±11.28)mg/L before the therapy(t value =9.794 and 2.810,P =0.000).Conclusion The WBC,PLT and CRP in infants with rotavirus enteritis were usually higher.But the raise of WBC and CRP could not be the only indication of using antibiotic in infants suffered from diarrhea.

Ten significantly differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer: Screening and verification / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen and verify differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using DNA microarray, we screened differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer tissue and its adjacent tissue followed by verification by PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 444 genes were found to be differentially expressed (differentiation ≥ 1.5-fold; P≤ 0.05) in the prostate cancer tissue, of which 769 (53%) were up-regulated and 675 (47%) down-regulated. Fifty percent of the differentially expressed genes showed a 1.5- to 2-fold differentiation, including 396 up-regulated and 182 down-regulated ones. Additionally, 308 up-regulated and 334 down-regulated genes exhibited a >2- to 5-fold, 46 up-regulated and 78 down-regulated genes a > 5- to 10-fold, and 19 up-regulated and 81 down-regulated genes a > 10-fold differentiation. Verification by subjecting 15 most significantly up-regulated and another 15 most markedly down-regulated genes to quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that most of the genes had a transcriptional profile similar to that in the microarray data, with a Pearson correction coefficient of 0.83 between the microarray data and qRT-PCR results. Totally, 10 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNA microarray analysis provides reliable information on differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer and benign tissues. The 10 significantly differentially expressed genes verified by qRT-PCR could possibly become new bio-markers and specific molecules for tumor identification.</p>

Suprapubis-assisted umbilical laparoendoscopic mini-dual-site surgery for varicocele: a report of 80 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of suprapubis-assisted umbilical laparoendoscopic mini-dual-site surgery (SAU-LEMDS) in the treatment of varicocele.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 80 varicocele patients aged 24 - 44 (mean 28.5 +/- 2.6) years, 25 cases of grade I, 45 cases of grade II and 10 cases of grade III, 58 cases in the left side, 6 in the right and 16 in both sides, and all with asthenospermia. The patients were treated by SAU-LEMDS under subarachnoid anesthesia combined with general anesthesia in a supine position with a head-down-feet-up slope of 15 degrees. Two 5 mm trocars were inserted bilaterally at the umbilical edge, one with a 5 mm 30 degrees laparoscope placed in it, and another into the abdominal cavity below the pubic hairline with a 5 mm laparoendoscopic clipper placed in it. The operation procedure was similar to that of standard laparoscopic ligation of spermatic veins, with reservation of the spermatic artery and double-ligation of spermatic veins. And the procedure was repeated for the contralateral lesion in the bilateral cases. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for the incidences of orchiatrophy and testicular hydrocele and changes of seminal parameters.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the operations were successful, with the mean operation time of (10 +/- 5.0) min (range 8 to 25 min) for the unilateral cases and (18 +/- 6.5) min (range 15 to 30 min) for the bilateral cases, the mean blood loss of (1.5 +/- 0.5) ml (range 1 to 2 ml), and the mean postoperative hospital stay of (2 +/- 0.5) d (range 1.5 to 3 d). The patients were followed up for 6 -24 (12 +/- 2.5) months, which showed significant improvement in sperm motility as compared with the baseline ([28.53 +/- 5.21] vs [19.62 +/- 3.56]%, P < 0.05), with 28 cases (35.0%) restored to normal. Recurrence was found in 4 cases (5.0%). Testicular hydrocele occurred in 7 cases (8.75%), but orchiatrophy in none. The scars in the umbilicus and suprapubis were invisible because of the wrinkles and pubic hair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SAU-LEMDS is safe, effective and feasible for the treatment of varicocele. It is superior to umbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (U-LESS) for its less invasiveness, simpler operation, and better cosmetic appearance.</p>

Detection and significance of myocardial enzyme spectrum in premature infants with hyperbilirubinemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of myocardial enzyme spectrum in the premature in-fants with hyperbilirubinemia .Methods The myocardial enzymes spectrum (AST ,CK ,CK-MB) in 90 premature infants with hy-perbilirubinemia were tested and the detection results were analyzed .Then their comparison with the control group consisting of 27 premature infants was performed .Results The detection results of myocardial enzymes spectrum in the hyperbilirubinemia prema-ture infants were higher than those in the control group ,but only the increase of CK-MB had statistical significance (P<0 .05);the positive incidence rate of the myocardial enzymes in the hyperbilirubinemia premature infants was 55 .56% (50/90) ,which was ob-viously higher than 7 .41% (2/27) in the control group ,the difference had statistical significance (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Hyperbil-irubinemia in premature infants can cause the myocardial damage and has the high incidence rate .The myocardial enzyme spectrum should be routinely detected for guiding the clinical treatment in the premature infants with hyperbilirubinemia .

Spine surgery may cause more spinal epidural hematomas than spinal puncture / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is a rare but acute and possibly devastating clinical event. The purpose of this study is to assess the multiple etiologies of SEH seen in an academic medical center over a 15-year span. We have examined the etiologies of SEH occurring in a single institution, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) over the last fifteen years using an electronic record keeping system and database: the Medical Archive Retrieval System (MARS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We screened MARS from 1986 - 2001 using key words: epidural, hematoma and spinal. All potential SEH cases were reviewed and only those confirmed by surgical intervention were identified as positive SEH and reported in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 17 cases of confirmed SEH. Among them, seven cases were from spontaneous bleeding, seven cases following spinal surgery, and three cases from traumatic spinal fracture. There were no findings of SEH that were related to spinal or epidural anesthesia. Among the seven patients with spontaneous SEH; two were receiving anti-coagulants for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and had elevated prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastine time (APTT), one had hemophilia (type B), four had hypertension, and three out of seven had chronic renal or liver disease. Among postoperative SEH patients, two of the seven patients were receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy and one had ongoing hemodialysis for renal failure. Among three patients with traumatic SEH, two had ankylosing spondylitis. Six patients had a history of alcohol abuse.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Spontaneous bleeding is by far the leading cause of SEH with spinal surgery being the second leading cause. Patients with multiple co-morbidities that result in coagulopathy from a variety of causes include liver or renal disease, alcohol abuse, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Neuraxial anesthesia is an extremely rare cause of SEH.</p>

Observation on the total bile acid in the blood serum in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the change of the bile acid in the blood serum and its significance in the neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods The levels of total bile acid (TBA),the cytomegalovirus IGM and the liver function including the AST,the ALT and the GGT were detected in 298 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.The neonates were divided into two groups by the levels of total bilirubin in the blood serum the light-degree and severedegree group,and which need to compare with the control group consisting of 29 neonates.Results There were 254neonates in the light-degree group and 44 in the severe-degree group.Making comparison of the average value including AST,ALT,GGT,TBA and the positive rate,it showed that there was no statistical significance between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The GGT and TBA in both the light-and severe-degree group were higher than the control group,the difference had statistical significance(P ＜0.01).Testing the CMV-IgM of 214 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia,it showed that the results were all normal.Conclusion Most neonates with hyperbilirubinemia suffer from liver parenchyma injury and cholestasis,also the levels of TBA in the blood serum have no concern with the degree of jaundice.So the liver protection drugs can be properly used in the treatment.The TBA is more sensitive than the ALT to diagnose the liver parenchyma injury in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.

The dynamic observation of platelet parameters in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of platelet parameters and leucocyte in the children suffered from mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods The platelet parameters (PLT),the platelet volume(MPV),the platelet distribution width (PDW),and the white blood cell count(WBC) were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer respectively in 300 children with MPP before and after the treatment by macrolides antibiotics for a week as well as in 40 normal children.The comparison was made among them.Results There were 156 cases that suffered from thrombocytosis (PLT ＞ 300 × 109/L) in MPP group,the incidence rate was 52.0％(156/300).While there was 1 case with thrombocytopenia,the incidence rate was 0.3％ (1/300).The WBC,MPV and PDW in MPP group before and after one-week treatment were higher than the control group.And the PLT was higher than the initial stage of hospitalization and the control group.The differences had statistical significance.Conclusion The incidence rate of thrombocytosis was high in the children suffered from MPP.The dynamic observation of platelet parameters and WBC in children with MPP could be used as the elementary basis of judging MP infection.

Analysis of Anion Gap in Premature Suffered from Hyperbilirubinemia / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the changes of the anion gap(AG)in the premature suffered from hyperbilirubinemia,to provide the basis for treatment.Methods The serum electrolyte,the renal function and the liver function in 94 premature babies suffered from hyperbilirubinemia were tested,and then calculated the value of AG,while the arterial blood gas analyses were done in 36 cases.Results 44 cases had high AG(46.81％),44 cases had normal AG(46.81％)and 6 cases had low AG(6.38％).The increase of AG was directly proportional to the concentration of Na+in blood,while was inversely proportion to the concentration of HCO3-.There was no close relationship between the AG and BUN,Scr in the serum.Conclusion The incidence rate of metabolic acidosis poisoning was high in premature suffered from hyperbilirubinemia with high AG,so the routine test of blood electrolyte,renal function and arterial blood gas should be done.Calculate the value of AG to guide the treatment,and to avoid correcting the acid by the alkali blindly.

Analysis of dynamic change of the blood electrolyte in 343 cases with asphyixtal neonates / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyse the change of the blood serum electrolyte in asphyxial neonates.Methods To test the concentration of blood serum K~+、Na~+、Cl~-、Ca~(2+) in enzyme linked immunosorbhent assay.In 343 cases,there were 297 cases of slight asphyxial neonates and 46 eases of serious neonates.In control group,there were 41 cases.Results The concentration of blood serum K~+、C~l-、Ca~(2+) in asphyxial neonates were significamly less than control group(all P<0.01) and the concentration after birth 24h～48h were significantly less than within 24h(all P<0.01).The incidence of hyponatremia,hypochloremia and hypocalcemia after birth 24h～48h were significantly hisher than within 24h(all P<0.01),There were no significant differences in the concentration of blood serum K~+、Na~+、Cl~-、Ca~(2+) between the slight asphyxial group and the serious asphyxial group(P>0.05).Conclusions The concentration of blood serum K~+、Na~+、Cl~-、Ca~(2+) in asphyxial neonates gradually reduced after birth 48h and tbe incidence of electrolyte disturbance gradually increased.The change of blood electrolyte should be dynamically routinely monitored.

Analysis of the blood sugar in asphyxial neonates / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the change of blood sugar in asphyxial neonates. Methods To test the blood sugar in 225 cases of asphyxial neonates and 43 cases of control group. Results There were no significant differences in the blood sugar between the asphyxial group and the control group[(3.85±2.01) vs (4.3±1.01), P > 0.05]. The quantity of blood sugar and the incidence rate of hyperglycosemia in seriously asphyxial group were more greater than slightly asphyxial group(P <0.01). The quantity of blood sugar in slighdy asphyxial group was less than the control group (P < 0.05). The quantiy of blood sugar in asphyxial premature infants was significantly less than asphyxial full-term infants(P < 0.05). Conclusions The blood sugar level in asphyxial neonates is relative to the degree of asphyxia and gestational age. The blood sugar in highly asphyxial neonates rise whereas in slightly as-phyxial neonates and asphyxial premature infants reduce.

Contribution of Lu Zhi-jun to the undertakings of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

Comrade LU Zhi-jun, a famous surgeon and acupuncture expert, was a leading cadre in health field with outstanding achievements, and a leader of western medicine doctors learning traditional Chinese medicine in the Chinese Communist Party, and also he was a main establisher of The China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and a founder of TCM scientific researches and integrated Chinese and western medicine in new China. The present paper reviews the course of LU Zhi-jun in learning and applying acupuncture and moxibustion therapy and a part of works carried out in faithfully implementing our party's policies for uniting Chinese and Western medicine, and in development of TCM including acupuncture and moxibustion in past tens years.

Choice of the surgical approach to petroclival tumor / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the reasonable choice of the surgical approach to petroclvial tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of consecutive 53 patients with the petroclival tumors, treated from June 2002 to June 2004, were reviewed to compare the different surgical approaches to pertroclival region.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Subtemporal transtentorial approach were used in 11 patients, suboccipital retrosigmoid approach in 12 patients, (transzygomatic or orbitozygomatic) frontotemporal (pterional) approach in 12 patients, presigmoid sinus approach in 2 patients, subtemporal and retrosigmoid sinus combined approach in 7 patients, subtemporal anterior petrosal extradural approach in 7 patients and extended transfrontal base extradural approach in 2 patients. Of all patients in this group, total tumor removal was achieved in 32 patients, subtotal in 9, largely partial in 12. The new cranial nerve deficit took place in 16 patients postoperatively, two patients died from coma and serious pneumonia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Using perfect microsurgical technique, conventional surgical approaches on petroclival region such as suboccipital retrosigmoid approach, subtemporal transtentorial approach can be suitable for most petroclival tumor with the help of neuro-navigation and neuro-endoscopy. To the epidural tumor on petroclival region, the epidural approach should be used with less invasion to the brain tissue. And to the giant petroclival tumor, the combined-tentorial approach can provide an excellent access and exposure to the tumor.</p>

Effect of photodynamic therapy with metalloporphyrin compound on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vitro / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the new water-soluble metalloporphyrin compound on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vitro and the anticancer mechanism of PDT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The new water-soluble manganese, 5,10,15, 20-tetra (N-methyl4-pyridyl) porphinato (2-) tetraiodide salt, was synthesized. The PC-3 cells were treated with the compound of serial concentrations(0, 0.1, 1, 1.0 micromol/L) followed by irradiation of different dosages of visible light. The techniques of MTT and Annexin-V/propidium iodide double-labeled flow cytometry (FCM) were applied to measuring the inhibitory effect of the compound on the growth activity and apoptosis of the cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When the metalloporphyrin compound concentration was within 10 micromol/L and the irradiation time was within 30 min, the water-soluble metalloporphyrin compound had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of PC-3 cells and induced PC-3 cell apoptosis, and the effects depended greatly on metalloporphyrin concentration and illumination dosages. Higher concentrations and dosages induced the death of the majority of PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PDT of the water-soluble metalloporphyrin compound followed by light irradiation has a distinctive killing effect on PC-3 cells in vitro, and the rates of proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis are correlated with metalloporphyrin concentration and the dosages of light irradiation. The results suggest that the mechanism of metalloporphyrin PDT may be involved with the induction of apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.</p>

Surgical Treatment and Clinical Characteristics of Children′s Thalamic Tumors / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and effects of surgical treatment of children with thalamic tumors.Methods The clinical data of 22 cases were retrospectively studied and followed-up 6 months to 9 years.Results There were 13 boys and 9 girls,their ages ranging from 3 to 13 years.The average duration of symptoms before diagnosis about 2 months.Headache and papilledem were the most symptoms and signs,respectively.Most children′s thalamic tumors were low grade tumors with clear verge.In this group,good results were obtained that total remove 9 cases,subtotal remove 8 cases,partial remove 3 cases,biopsy 2 cases and no surgical death.Conclusions Clinical character of children thalamic tumors is distinct and good surgical results in the nearly future.The long results are determined by type of pathology.