[Obstructive anuria due to fungus balls. Report of 3 cases]

Fungus balls as a cause of upper urinary tract obstruction are rare, with less than 60 cases reported in the literature. We herein describe three cases or secondary anuria caused by Candida infection of the upper urinary tract. The first case was observed in a patient with a transplanted kidney, the second in a diabetic patient and the third in a. patient suffering from chronic Kidney failure. The treatment consisted of urinary drainage, identification of the infectious organism and appropriate antifungal treatment.

[Intraabdominal seminoma]

We herein present a rare case of germ-cell tumor in an intra-abdominal testis of a 39-year-old patient. Cryptorchidism is one of the most important risk factors predisposing to testicular cancer. Our case underlines the importance of performing a prophylactic orchidectomy for all ectopic testes not brought down by the second year of life. The treatment of seminoma consists of inguinal orchidectomy possibly in combination with radio- or chemotherapy depending on the tumor stage

[PSA doubling time: methods of calculation and importance]

PSA doubling time is a mathematical tool which gives a dynamic value to PSA [prostatic specific antigen]. The diversity of methods applied for its calculation constitutes a real problem for urologists. We reviewed the literature and selected two simple methods used to calculate the PSA doubling time. We also evaluated the importance of PSA doubling time in contemporary urological practice

[Mature retrovesical cystic teratoma in the adult. Case report]

A teratoma is a tumor with components resembling normal derivatives of the three germ layers [ectodermal, endodermal and mesodermal]. In most cases it is located in the testis and in the sacrococcygeal region. Diagnosis mainly depends on ultrasonography and MR imaging and will be confirmed histologically. Treatment consists of surgery, aiming at complete excision of the tumor. The prognosis varies according to the age of the patient and the location of the tumor. We herein present a new case of a retro-vesical cystic teratoma in a 24-year-old patient and describe the classification, treatment and prognostic factors related to this type of tumor

[Partial cystectomy for primary neurosarcoma of the urinary bladder: a case report]

Genitor-urinary sarcomas are rare. Leiomyosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas are the histological types most frequently observed. The nervous origin of these sarcomas is exceptional. Early diagnosis and a complete resection of the tumor are necessary to improve the prognosis. We herein report the case of a primary neurosarcoma of the urinary bladder treated by partial cystectomy. At 9 years follow-up the patient is disease-free and has completed two pregnancies without any adverse events