RESUMEN
Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adults. The prevalence of asthma has increased in developed and developing countries over the last three decades. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and to describe some related characteristics and associated symptoms of cases in a sample of adolescent secondary-school girls of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in secondary schools in Riyadh city, during the academic year 2016-2017. A predesigned questionnaire was disseminated to the targeted population to complete it
Results: Out of 154 female students, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 4.5%. The prevalence of rhinitis symptoms, exercise-induced wheezing and night coughing in the past 12 months in physician-diagnosed asthma and exercise-induced wheeze was 42.9%, 28.6% and 28.6%, respectively
Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in female adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was 4.5%, there was with a high rate [42.9%]of rhinitis symptoms among the asthmatic girls. The prevalence of asthma in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was within the reported prevalence ranges from many other parts of the world. Health education sittings is recommended to increase the public awareness about the causes and importance of seeking medical care during and between the attacks of asthma, especially in adolescent period
RESUMEN
Background: Epistaxis is a common clinical condition that ranges from a minor nuisance to a life threatening emergency. It may be a chronic problem or symptom of generalized disorder
Objective: to determine the etiology, risk factors and the outcome of the conservative and surgical management of epistaxis in the studied population
Methods: This is a cross-sectional, community-based survey being directed to the Saudi adult population living in Arar city during the period of October and November 2017. The study instrument is a self-administered, pre-designed questionnaire
Results: The study included 175 epistaxis cases, 39.4% females and 60.6% males, 45.1% were 20-29 years . Hypertension was found in 4.0%, 20% were smokers and 7.4% were ex-smokers. Epistaxis was idiopathic in 56.6% of cases, local injury in 16%, nasal allergy in 8.6%, nasal infection in 7.4%, mucosal irritation in 2.9%, high blood pressure in 2.9%, foreign bodies in 2.2%, nasal tumors in 1.7% and blood dyscrasias in 1.1%. Most [85.1%] of the cases were treated at home and 14.9% in the emergency department of hospitals. Cauterization of bleeding point, employed for only 1.7% of the cases and surgical treatment in only 1.1%
Conclusion: epistaxis was more common in males than females, most cases are idiopathic, local injury and nasal allergy are also considered causes. The majority of epistaxis were not life threatening and can be treated conservatively. Most of the cases were treated at home mainly by pressure on the nose and considerable percentage treated in the emergency department of the hospitals mainly by nasal backing
RESUMEN
Aim of the Study: to assess the merits and demerits of posterior pericardial drainage in patients undergoing heart surgery
Materials and Methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. We searched for relevant trials in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE [from 1980], Embase from 1970 the Transfusion Evidence Library from 1980, and ongoing trial databases; all searches current to 30 September 2017
Results: the search yielded sixteen randomized controlled trials which included 2755 patients. Results revealed that Posterior pericardial drainage was associated with a significant 90% reduction of the odds of cardiac tamponade versus the control group: [OR 95% confidence interval] 0.13; P < 0.001. The ORs of death or cardiac arrest were significantly decreased by approximately 50% in the posterior pericardial drainage group compared to controls: OR [95% CI]: 0.47, P = .028; I2 = 0%
Conclusion: posterior pericardial drainage has been reported in the literature to significantly reduce the prevalence of early pericardial effusion as well as cardiac tamponade. A significant enhanced survival rate was recorded postcardiac surgery