RESUMEN
Background: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a silent disease that may result in irreversible bilateral blindness if not identified and treated effectively. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. Evidence demonstrates that vascular disturbances to the optic nerve’s anterior portion are responsible for optic nerve head changes, which can result in glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus as a microangiopathy itself affects the ocular circulation. Studies studying diabetes as a risk factor for development of glaucoma have given conflicting results. This study was therefore planned to see the frequency of primary open angle glaucoma and in diabetics. Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study. The present study consisted of 100 types 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 100 controls without diabetes between 40-70 years of age of either sex. The patients from both groups were thoroughly examined for the diagnosis of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) after applying the diagnostic criteria. Results: The frequency of Primary open angle Glaucoma was significantly more among Diabetics (20.0%) in comparison to Non-Diabetics (12.0%). Conclusion: A public health awareness approach is recommended in all patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients regarding Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in the study area.
RESUMEN
Background: Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (NLDO) affects 1% to 20% of infants. The non-surgical treatment includes lacrimal sac massage, whereas some cases need surgical intervention. The present study was conducted to prove that maximum number of cases resolve within six months of non-surgical management in infants aged new born to one year. Methods: This is a prospective and observational study in which 319 infants suffering from Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction were treated with lacrimal sac massage and topical antibiotics. The symptoms of the patient were assessed after six months of treatment. Results: In infants new born to 8 months of age (233 eyes), more than 50% with NLDO will resolve within 6 months with non-surgical management. Conclusion: So the experience of rate of NLDO resolution in infancy without surgery will help clinician and parents effectively discuss treatment options.