RESUMEN
Aims: Our aim was to study the modulatory effect of a Unani herbal formulation Jawarish amla sada against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in tumour bearing mice. Study Design: Non randomized control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi during 2008-10. Methodology: Study was conducted in Swiss albino mice divided in five groups (n=6). Animals were challenged with Ehrlich’s ascites tumour cells (1x106 cells). Cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg body weight), an alkylating anticancer drug that especially affects humoral immune functions, was injected intraperitoneally in a single dose. The protective effect of Unani drug Jawarish amla sada (250 mg/kg body weight) was studied in tumour bearing animals treated with cyclophosphamide. Immune function assessment test such as plaque forming cell assay (PFC) and biochemical parameters such as activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione were measured in mice. Results: Jawarish amla sada significantly modulated the immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide as compared to the group treated with cyclophosphamide. Jawarish amla sada also protected activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase and significantly restored level of reduced glutathione in liver and kidney of tumour bearing mice exposed to cyclophosphamide. Similar protective effect of Jawarish amla sada was observed against elevated lipid peroxidation in these tissues. Conclusion: Jawarish amla sada showed potential to provide protection against toxic effects of cyclophosphamide in tumour bearing mice. The mechanism of action of the drug may be attributed to various antioxidants fortified in this herbal Unani formulation, which is used in the traditional system of medicine in Indian subcontinent against several liver ailments.
RESUMEN
Airway remodeling in asthma is recognized as irreversible structural change. However, several recent reports revealed that remodeling might be the process of repair from injury. Airway remodeling is increasingly recognised to be a serious consequence of chronic asthma.Stat3 and Cytokines play an integral role in the coordination and persistence of inflammation. However, exact role of Stat3 in airway inflammation is lacking. In the present study BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA (OVA/OVA) after validation these mice models were further studied to check silencing effect of Stat3 .mRNA and ELISA studies revealed alteration in IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and TGF-β in BALF and lung with blood eosinophilia also airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA/OVA mice. Airway hyperresponsiveness was studied by methacholine-induced specific airway resistance in a plethysmogrpah while eosinophils study was done using automatic blood analyser. Total and OVA-specific IgG and IgE antibodies depicted significant rise among mice sensitized and challenged with OVA. Studies pertaining to histology revealed fibrous tissue proliferation along with other inflammatory changes in airway structure among OVA/OVA mice and it are the characteristic of human model of asthma. Heightened expression of TGF-β and proliferation of fibrous tissue in lungs are directly related. On the contrary SAL/SAL mice revealed normal blood eosinophils. There was no change in IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and TGF-β also OVA-specific IgG and IgE antibodies in SAL/SAL mice presented normal range. Our earlier studies showed downregulation of Stat3 gene in airway tissues is related with airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma using this background we tried to study airway histology after silencing Stat3 gene in OVA/OVA mice interestingly our results showed that silencing Stat3 did not help in restoring airway histology in OVA/OVA mice in addition to this investigations pertaining to cytokines, immunoglobulins, blood eosinophils, sRAW and mRNA studies did not depicted any sign of restoration.