Determination of the relative parallelism of occlusal plane to three ala-tragal lines in various skeletal malocclusions: A cephalometric study.

Background: Establishment of a proper occlusal plane is needed for developing an occlusion that is compatible with the biomechanics of a stomatognathic system. There has been a great deal of controversy regarding the anatomic reference point/s taken for identifying the Camper's plane (Ala-Tragus) to which the occlusal plane is oriented parallel in regular complete denture Prosthodontic practice. There has been no study in literature to correlate the occlusal plane to the Camper's plane in various skeletal malocclusions using landmarks on a lateral Cephalogram. Aim : The aim of the study isto determine the relative parallelism of the occlusal plane to ala- tragal lines in various malocclusions. Methodology: A total of sixty subjects belonging to Class I, Class II and class III malocclusions were selected for the study. Markings with radiopaque marker of 1 mm diameter were adhered against the superior, middle and inferior border of the tragus and against the lower borer of ala of the nose. Lateral cephalograms were obtained for all of the pateints. Tracing was performed for all of these radiographs. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Post-Hoc test of Bonferroni were used to compare the angles formed at the superior, middle and inferior borders with the occlusal plane. Results: The result from the present study showed that in Class I and Class III malocclusion, the line drawn from the lower border of ala of the nose to the inferior position of the tragus (Camper' plane C) was relatively parallel to occlusal plane; and, in Class II malocclusion, the line drawn from the lower border of ala of nose to middle border of tragus (Camper's plane B) was relatively parallel to occlusal plane.

Determination of the comfort zone for intergingival height and its practical application to treatment planning: A survey.

Background: The concept of the 'comfort zone' for intergingival height is a simple guideline to help establish the correct vertical dimension necessary for occlusal harmony in any individual. It can be used as a guide for identifying individuals at relatively greater risk of developing temporomandibular dysfunction and also when rebuilding the occlusion in the treatment of patients with temporomandibular dysfunction. The intergingival height varies according to the patient's age and stage of development, as well as with the height of the incisor crowns. In orthodontics this parameter can be used to track the progress of a patient being treated with functional appliances. This parameter has not been studied in detail and hence this survey was designed and conducted to gain information regarding its significance. Objectives: The objectives of this survey were to estimate the value of 'comfort zone' for intergingival height in the region of the central incisor and to establish the norm for the comfort zone in males and females. Materials and Methods: The intergingival height was measured in the region of the right central incisor using a vernier caliper. The intergingival height was measured as the vertical distance from the midpoint of the free gingival margin of the right maxillary central incisor to a similar point on the right mandibular central incisor, with the teeth in occlusion. Results: According to the results of this, the range for the comfort zone for intergingival height in all subjects was 15.96-16.55 mm. The range for female subjects was 14.86-15.32 mm and the range for male subjects was 17.12-17.67 mm. Conclusion: The comfort zone of intergingival height should become a part of our vocabulary and should be routinely utilized as a guideline for consistently achieving the correct vertical dimension at the end of treatment. The areas of utilization of this measurement are many and it should be used to assist in achieving better and more stable clinical results.

Classification of Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate - A Review.

Classification for cleft lip and palate is imp ortant fo r both clinical research and epidemiological investigation. Classification of the cleft lip and cleft palate plays an important role in diagnosis and planning the treatment. It involves the embryological processes, the frontonasal and the right and left processes of the maxilla. The incisive foramen is a basic anatomic landmark for classification of cleft l ip and palate. Davis and Ritchie’s classification was a fundamental classification, which is followed by symbolic representation of Kernahan and their modifications. Newer approaches have also used mathematical expressions to provide a complete description of the deformity including those which can be used for computerized data analysis. This article is a review of the past and the most recent classifications, a bird's eye view on how improvements/advancements in the field have led to a better understanding and representation of the various types of cleft deformities.

Surgical And Orthodontic Management of Dental Cyclops : A Case Report.

Impacted Central Incisor tooth is a common finding in the Orthodontic practice. But managing of Impacted Incisor which is unfavorable with Dilaceration is a tough task. We are presenting a case of Maxillary impacted incisor with Dilaceration.