Comparison of morbidity and mortality of hip and vertebral fragility fractures: Which one has the highest burden?

Objectives@#Hip fragility fractures were regarded as one of the most severe, but recent papers report on the underestimated burden of vertebral compression fractures. This study aims to compare morbidity and mortality of hip and vertebral fragility fractures in patients treated in the same setting. @*Methods@#Patients aged 50 years with hip fracture, and those with vertebral fracture presenting to our hospital between January 2014 and January 2017 were included. Patients were evaluated 1 year after their index fracture. SF-36 scores, mortality, and institutionalization are then recorded. Patients were divided into 2 groups: hip fractures and vertebral fractures. @*Results@#There were 106 and 90 patients respectively evaluated in hip and vertebral fracture groups at 1 year. Patients in both groups were comparable for age, sex, comorbidities and neuropsychiatric condition (P > 0.05). At 1 year follow-up, SF-36 showed better averages in all 8 scales in hip fracture group compared to vertebral fracture group. Mortality in the hip fracture group reached 32.1% compared to 10% for the vertebral fracture group (P 0.05). @*Conclusions@#When comparing patients treated in the same setting, hip fracture is associated with significantly increased mortality than vertebral fracture; however, the latter is associated with more morbidity.

[Physical performance and bone mineral density in a group of young Lebanese adults]

Introduction : The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between performances obtained in different physical tests and bone parameters [bone mineral density [BMD] and bone mineral content [BMC]] in a group of young Lebanese adults

Methods: One hundred and six young Lebanese adults [45 women and 61 men] whose ages range from 17 to 34 years participated in this study. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index [BMI] was calculated. Daily calcium intake, daily protein intake and physical activity level [h/week] were evaluated using validated questionnaires. The level of physical performance was measured using several physical tests: vertical-jump test, standing long jump test, 3-jumptest, 5-jump-test and 1-RM half-squat. Body composition, bone mineral content [BMC] and BMD at whole body [WB], lumbar spine [L2-L4], total hip [TH] and femoral neck [FN] were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]

Results: In women, height, lean mass, 1- RM half-squat and performances obtained in three physical tests [vertical jump test, 5-jump-test and 1-RM half squat] were positively correlated to BMD and BMC. In men, lean mass and 1-RM half-squat were positively correlated to BMD and BMC

Conclusion: This study suggests that lean mass and maximum strength obtained in half-squat are positively correlated to BMD in young adults

Geometric indices of hip bone strength in male professional soccer players

The aim of this study was to compare geometric indices of hip bone strength in male professional soccer players and controls. Twenty- three male professional soccer players and 21 male sedentary subjects whose ages range between 18 and 30 years participated in this study. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index [BMI] was calculated. Daily calcium intake and physical activity were evaluated using validated questionnaires. Hip bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. To evaluate hip bone geometry, DXA scans were analyzed at the narrow-neck [NN], the intertrochanteric [IT] region and the femoral shaft [FS] by the Hip Structure Analysis [HSA] program. Cross sectional area [CSA], an index of axial compression strength, cross sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], an index of structural rigidity, section modulus [Z], an index of bending strength, cortical thickness [CT] and buckling ratio [BR] were measured from bone mass profiles. CSA, CSMI, Z and CT of the three regions [NN, IT and FS] were higher in soccer players compared to controls. After adjustment for either age, body weight, height or physical activity duration [h/week], CSA, CSMI, Z and CT of the three regions remained higher in soccer players compared to controls. This study suggests that, in young adult males, soccer practice is associated with gr Aim of the study: eater axial strength, bending strength and structural rigidity indices at the hip

Fat mass index and hip bone mineral density in a group of Lebanese adolescents and young adults

Objective: The main aim of this study was to explore the relationship between fat mass index and hip bone mineral density in a group of Lebanese adolescents and young adults

Methods and Results: 91 females and 111 males [aged 13 to 30] participated in this study. Body com- position [lean mass, fat mass and bone mineral con- tent] and bone mineral density [BMD] of whole body [WB], total hip [TH] and femoral neck [FN] were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index [BMI], lean mass index [LMI] and fat mass index [FMI] were calculated. Body weight, BMI, lean mass and LMI were positively correlated to TH BMD and FN BMD in females and males. Fat mass and FMI were positively correlated to TH BMD and FN BMD in females but not in males

Conclusion: This study suggests that FMI is a positive determinant of TH BMD and FN BMD in adolescent girls and young women but not in adolescent boys and young men while LMI is a positive determinant of TH BMD and FN BMD in both genders

Geometric indices of hip bone strength in overweight and control elderly men

Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare geometric indices of hip bone strength in overweight and control elderly men

Methods and results: This study included 16 over- weight [Body mass index [BMI] > 25 kg/m2] elderly men [aged 65-84 years] and 38 age-matched controls [BMI < 25 kg/m2]. Body composition and bone miner- al density [BMD] were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. To evaluate hip bone geometry, DXA scans were analyzed at the femoral neck, the intertrochanteric region, and the femoral shaft by the Hip Structure Analysis [HSA] program. Cross sectional area [CSA], an index of axial compression strength, section modulus [Z], an index of bending strength, cross sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], an index of structural rigidity, cortical thickness [CT] and buckling ratio [BR] were measured from bone mass profiles. Lean mass, body weight, fat mass and BMI were higher in overweight men compared to controls [p < 0.001]. CSA and Z were higher in overweight subjects compared to controls [p < 0.05] at the three regions [femoral neck, intertrochanteric and femoral shaft]. After adjustment for age, CSA and Z of the intertrochanteric region and the femoral shaft remained significantly higher in overweight men compared to controls [p < 0.05]. After adjustment for either body weight, BMI or lean mass, there were no differences between the two groups [overweight and controls] regarding the HSA variables [CSA, CSMI, Z, CT and BR] of the three regions

Conclusion: This study suggests that overweight elderly men have greater indices of bone axial and bending strength in comparison to controls at the intertrochanteric and the femoral shaft

Relative importance of lean mass and fat mass on bone mineral density in a group of Lebanese elderly men

The aim of this study was to determine the relative importance of lean mass and fat mass on bone mineral density [BMD] in a group of Lebanese elderly men. Seventy Lebanese men [aged 65-84 years] participated in this study. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index [BMI] was calculated. Body composition [lean mass, fat mass and fat mass percentage] was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. Bone mineral content [BMC] of whole body [WB] and BMD of WB, total hip [TH], femoral neck [FN], ultra distal [UD] radius and 1/3 radius were measured by DXA. The ratios WB BMC/height and WB BMD/height were calculated. Fat mass and lean mass were found to be positively correlated to WB BMC, WB BMC/height, and to WB, TH, FN, UD radius and 1/3 radius BMD. After controlling for age and height, fat mass was more strongly correlated to TH BMD and FN BMD than lean mass while lean mass was more strongly correlated to WB BMC, WB BMD, UD radius BMD and 1/3 radius BMD than fat mass. This study suggests that, in elderly men, fat mass is a stronger determinant of TH and FN BMD than lean mass while lean mass is a stronger determinant of WB BMC, WB BMD, UD radius BMD and 1/3 radius BMD than fat mass

Bone mass in a group of lebanese girls from Beirut and french girls from orleans

To compare bone mineral content [BMC] and bone mineral density [BMD] in a group of Lebanese girls from Beirut and French girls from Orl‚ans. This study included 26 French adolescent girls [15.3 +/- 0.7 years old] and 24 maturationmatched [15.4 +/- 1.1 years old] Lebanese adolescent girls. BMC, BMD at the whole body [WB] and body composition [lean mass and fat mass] were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. Calculations of the bone mineral apparent density [BMAD] and the ratio BMC/height were completed for the WB. Weight and height were similar in the two groups. Lean mass was higher in French girls compared to Lebanese girls [p < 0.05]. In the whole population, lean mass was a positive determinant of BMC and BMD. French girls displayed higher values of BMC, BMD, BMC/height and BMAD than Lebanese girls [p < 0.05]. Finally, BMC and BMD remained higher in French girls in comparison to Lebanese girls even after adjusting for lean mass. In this study group, Lebanese girls have lower BMC and BMD in comparison to French girls

[Body mass index and body fat in Lebanese female adolescents]

The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between body mass index [BMI] and body fat [BF] among Lebanese female adolescents. 51 Lebanese females aged 12 to 18 years participated in this study. BMI was calculated as weight/height. Adiposity was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry [DEXA]. Correlation coefficient of percent body fat [%BF] with BMI is 0.82. Correlation coefficient of fat mass [BF] with BMI is 0.93. The two linear regression formulas are:%BF=6.89+ [1.1 *BMI] and BF=-0.425+ [129 *BMI]. Correlations of BMI with DEXA measurements were higher with BF than%BF. For a given BMI, Lebanese girls have a higher than expected%BF. Based on the current findings, there may be a need to develop new cutoff points. From a public health perspective, this may considerably increase the prevalence of obesity among Lebanese female adolescents

[Daily calcium intake and body mass index in a group of Lebanese adolescents]

To investigate the relationship between daily calcium intake [DCI] and body mass index [BMI] in a group of Lebanese adolescents. 419 adolescents [219 boys and 169 girls] aged 13-18 years participated in our study. DCI was calculated using a validated questionnaire, and anthropometrical characteristics [weight and height] were measured. In this study, only 20% of the adolescents met the adequate DCI recommendation of 1300 mg/day. Boys had a significantly higher mean DCI than girls [1023 +/- 360 mg/d and 839 +/- 303 mg/d respectively for boys and girls; p < 0.001]. DCI was negatively related to BMI in boys [r = -0.15; p < 0.05] but not in girls. Obese boys had a significantly lower mean DCI than those whose BMI was normal [869 +/- 249 mg/d and 1043 +/- 373 mg/d respectively; p < 0.05]. In this study, 80% of the adolescents do not meet the DCI adequate intake. It seems important to encourage these adolescents to increase their DCI. Moreover, this study shows that DCI is inversely related to age in girls and to BMI in boys

Leptin, insulin, IGF-1 and bone mass in a group of sedentary adolescent girls

To investigate the relationships between serum leptin, IGF-1, insulin and bone mineral content and density in a group of Lebanese sedentary adolescent girls. Twenty Lebanese sedentary adolescent girls participated in our study. Total body bone mineral content and density were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DEXA]. In parallel, fasting leptin, IGF-1 and insulin concentrations were also measured. Serum leptin, IGF-1 and insulin concentrations were not associated with total body bone mineral content [BMC], total body bone mineral density [BMD] or pelvis BMD. Serum leptin, IGF-1 and insulin concentrations are not positive predictors of total body bone mineral content or density in this study group