Cancer screening and its association with core knowledge of cancer in community residents / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the situation of cancer screening of community residents and its association with the knowledge of cancer core knowledge, and to provide reference for the formulation of secondary cancer prevention measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 037 residents aged 18-79 who lived in Bao 'an District, Shenzhen. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between core knowledge and cancer screening behavior after adjusting for age, gender, education, marriage, occupation and smoking. Results The cancer screening rate of community residents was 28.10%, and the screening rate of middle-aged and elderly people aged 40-79 was 33.50 %.The proportion of “not very well understanding”, “partial understanding” and “basic understanding” of the core knowledge of cancer were 43.91%, 42.33% and 13.76%, respectively, which was higher than that of the non-participants. Multivariate analysis showed that the women, the higher the level of education of college/university or above and the higher the level of knowledge of cancer prevention core knowledge, the higher the probability of participating in cancer screening was OR (95%CI ) : 2.40 (1.86-3.12), 1.65 (1.29-2.10), 1.38 (1.18 - 1.62), respectively. Conclusion The proportion of cancer screening in community residents needs to be improved, and the degree of core knowledge of cancer is closely related to cancer screening behavior. It is suggested to increase the publicity and education of the core knowledge of cancer, and at the same time, carry out the health education of secondary cancer prevention for the key population such as men and people with low education level, so as to improve the proportion of “early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment” of cancer.

The willingness for dietary and behavioral changes in frontline epidemic prevention workers after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND@#The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on public health, resulting in sudden dietary and behavioral habit changes. Frontline epidemic prevention workers play a pivotal role against COVID-19. They must face high-risk infection conditions, insufficient anti-epidemic material supplies, mental pressure, and so on. COVID-19 seriously affects their dietary and behavioral habits, and poor habits make them more susceptible to COVID-19. However, their baseline dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of COVID-19 remain unclear for these workers in China. This study aimed to explore the baseline dietary and behavioral habits of frontline workers and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of the epidemic; in addition, susceptible subgroups were identified by stratified analyses as targets of protective measures to keep them from being infected with COVID-19.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a sample of 22,459 valid individuals living in China, including 9402 frontline epidemic prevention workers.@*RESULTS@#Before COVID-19, 23.9% of the frontline epidemic prevention workers reported a high-salt diet, 46.9% of them reported a high frequency of fried foods intake, and 50.9% of them smoked cigarettes. After the outbreak of COVID-19, 34.6% of them expressed a willingness to reduce salt intake, and 43.7% of them wanted to reduce the frequency of pickled vegetables intake. A total of 37.9% of them expressed a willingness to decrease or quit smoking, and 44.5% of them wanted to increase sleep duration. Significant differences in the baseline dietary and behavioral habits and the willingness to change their habits were observed between frontline epidemic prevention workers and other participants. Among the frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19, frontline epidemic prevention experience was a promoting factor for adopting worse dietary and behavioral habits, including those in the high-salt intake subgroup (OR, 2.824; 95% CI, 2.341-3.405) and the 11-20 cigarettes/day subgroup (OR, 2.067; 95% CI, 1.359-3.143).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The dietary and behavioral habits of frontline epidemic prevention workers were worse than that those of other participants before COVID-19. They had a greater willingness to adopt healthy dietary and behavioral habits after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19. However, frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 continued in engage in these poor habits. Dietary and behavioral intervention policies should be drafted to protect their health, especially frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor habits at baseline.

Comparison of detection rates of women’s subclinical thyroid diseases between iodine-deficient regions with iodine supplying and water-borne iodine excess regions / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective By comparing the detection rates of subclinical thyroid diseases in women(pregnant,lactating and child-bearing age)between iodine deficient regions (supplied iodized salt)and water-borne iodine excess regions (consumed non-iodized salt),and to find the different prevalence of subclinical thyroid disease between two regions under their different iodine source and iodine levels, and to provide reference for screening susceptible population with iodine-related thyroid diseases.Methods The iodine deficiency but salt iodine surpplying regions were selected from six provinces in our country,the local people who were pregnant women,lactating women and 18 to 45 years old women of child-bearing age,a total of 991 cases were investigated.The iodine nutrition levels of the pregnant women were grouped by 0.05). With the increase of iodine exposure levels,the prevalence of women who suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid antibody positive was increased,the coincidence rate was also increased.The detection rates of low T4 concentration and total subclinical thyroid disease of pregnant women in iodine nutrition100μg·L-1 group (P<0.05).Conclusion When the iodine intake is appropriate, iodine intakes from salt or from water have no effect on subclinical thyroid diseases. When the iodine intake increases,the prevalence of subclinical thyroid diseases will increase too.

Investigation of the awareness in laboratory biosafety among teachers and students of medical colleges in Jiangsu Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the biosafety-related knowledge level of teachers,technicians and graduate students of medical colleges in Jiangsu province and to explore policy for management of laboratory biosafety in medical colleges.Methods In total of 550 teachers,technicians and graduate students from 5 full-time medical colleges were enrolled using a multiple-stage stratified random sampling method.Each subject was asked to complete questionnaire consisting of laboratory biosafety rules,safety consciousness,route of transmission,waste management and biosafety training,etc.Results The general awareness rate was 54.38%.The percentage of awareness in laboratory biosafety rules,safety consciousness,route of transmission were 27.58%,27.68% and 10.23%,respectively.The awareness rate in reagents toxicity was the lowest(7.21%).However,the awareness rate in protecting rules and waste management were as high as 83.77% and 76.90%,respectively.About 96.30% of the respondents considered that it would be necessary to launch a biosafety course in medical colleges.Conclusions The results showed that the awareness in laboratory biosafety among teachers and students of medical colleges still need to be improved.Propaganda and training of laboratory biosafety should be performed regularly to improve the general awareness and strengthen management.

Effects of exposure to aluminum on some metal elements contents in hippocampus of rat / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of exposure to aluminum (Al) on Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca contents in hippocampus of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>AlCl(3).6H(2)O was administered orally through diet (8% of body weight) to SD rats at doses of 0 (A), 11.2 (B), 55.9 (C), 111.9 (D) mg Al(3+)/kg BW for successive 90 days. Then Al, Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca contents in hippocampi of rats were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After oral exposure to Al, the Al content in hippocampus of rat increased significantly with a remarkable dose-effect relationship (r = 0.731, P < 0.001), The Zn, Fe, Ca and Cu contents in these four groups are as follows: Group A (18.29 +/- 2.48, 24.86 +/- 1.97, 48.69 +/- 22.08, 4.53 +/- 0.99) mg/g, Group B (17.22 +/- 2.06, 27.54 +/- 2.87, 42.79 +/- 14.42, 4.06 +/- 0.41) mg/g, Group C (14.46 +/- 1.90, 20.18 +/- 2.79, 29.95 +/- 7.33, 3.98 +/- 0.25) mg/g, Group D (15.85 +/- 2.54, 20.96 +/- 2.83, 36.14 +/- 12.66, 4.53 +/- 0.58) mg/g. Compared with the control group A, the Zn and Fe contents in group B and group C decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the Ca content in group C also decreased significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Oral exposure to Al may result in accumulation of Al in hippocampus of brain and thus affect some essential elements (Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca) contents in the hippocampus at different degrees.</p>

RAPID FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF RIBOFLAVIN IN DAIRY PRODUCTS / 营养学报

The riboflavin in dairy products was determined by fluorometric method. According to the property of Na2S2O4 could be able to extinguish the fluorescence of VB2, the concentration of VB2 in milk could be obtained by the difference of two readings of the sample and the sample added Na2S2O4. So the influence of impurities in the samples on measuring could be eliminated. Besides using some modifications such as acidolysis at normal temperature and pressure,proteins were separated from samples by buffer at pH 4.7. The mean recovery rate in this method was over 93% and the coefficients of variation were 5.7-12.8%.