RESUMEN
World group A rotavirus (RVA) surveillance data provides useful estimates of the disease burden, however, indigenous population might require special consideration. The aim of this study was to describe the results of G and Ptypes from Brazilian native children ≤3 years. Furthermore, selected strains have been analyzed for the VP7, VP6, VP4, and NSP4 encoding genes in order to gain insight into genetic variability of Brazilian strains. A total of 149 samples, collected during 20082012, were tested for RVA using ELISA and PAGE, following by RTPCR and sequencing. RVA infection was detected in 8.7% of samples (13/149). Genotype G2P[4] was detected in 2008 and 2010, G8P[6] in 2009, and G3P[8] in 2011. The phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 and VP4 genes grouped the Brazilian G2P[4] and G3P[8] strains within the lineages currently circulating in humans worldwide. However, the phylogenetic analysis of the VP6 and NSP4 from the Brazilian G2P[4] strains, and the VP7 and NSP4 from the Brazilian G3P[8] strains suggest a distant common ancestor with different animal strains (bovine, caprine, and porcine). The epidemiological and genetic information obtained in the present study is expected to provide an updated understanding of RVA genotypes circulating in the native infant population, and to formulate policies for the use of RVA vaccines in indigenous Brazilian people. Moreover, these results highlight the great diversity of human RVA strains circulating in Brazil, and an indepth surveillance of human and animal RVA will lead to a better understanding of the complex dynamics of RVA evolution
Asunto(s)
Filogenia , Infecciones por Rotavirus/virología , Variación Genética , Proteínas Virales/genética , Brasil , Humanos , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Preescolar , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Homología de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Rotavirus/genética , Rotavirus/química , Evolución Molecular , Grupos de Población , Genotipo , LactanteRESUMEN
Introduction This study aimed to monitor the seasonality of rotavirus infection, and gain insight into the variability of Brazilian strains. Methods A total of 28 stool samples were analyzed from 698 revised cases of gastroenteritis during a norovirus outbreak in the summer of 2010 in Guarujá, Brazil. Diagnosis was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and sequencing. Results Rotavirus infection was detected in 17.9% (5/28) of samples; 4 samples were G2P[4] genotype, and one G2P[4]+P[6] genotype. G2 and P[4] sequences showed a genetic relationship to strains from India and Russia, respectively. Conclusions The seasonal pattern of rotavirus may be a consequence of human activity apart from climate factors. .