RESUMEN
Anthrax, an uncommon disease in humans, is caused by a large bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. The risk of inhalation infection is the main indication for anthrax vaccination. Pre-exposure vaccination is provided by an acellular vaccine [anthrax vaccine adsorbed or AVA], which contains anthrax toxin elements and results in protective immunity after 310 6 doses. Anthrax vaccine precipitated [AVP] is administered at primovaccination in 3 doses with a booster dose after 6 months. To evoke and maintain protective immunity, it is necessary to administer a boaster dose once at 12 months. In Russia, live spore vaccine [STI] has been used in a two-dose schedule. Current anthrax vaccines show considerable local and general reactogenicity [erythema, induration, soreness, fever]. Serious adverse reactions occur in about 1% of vaccinations. New second-generation vaccines in current research programs include recombinant live vaccines and recombinant sub-unit vaccines